Isifo sikashukela sokugonywa sikhulelwe ekukhutheni. Ukuxilongwa, ukubonakaliswa, ukwelashwa nokudla

Zonke izinyanga eziyisishiyagalolunye kusukela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwengane yinkathi eyinkimbinkimbi empilweni yabo bonke abesifazane. Uma kubonakala sengathi ingane ibelethwe esibelethweni, umzimba womama udinga amandla namandla. Ngokuvamile kakhulu phakathi nalesi sikhathi lapho inkambo yazo zonke izinqubo ze-metabolic emzimbeni zishintsha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuvamile kuncike ekuxhasweni kwe-insulin.

Izicubu ezinamafutha, isibindi, imisipha ingaphansi kwesifo se-hormone insulin. Uma izimo ezingalungile ziphakama, ushukela ephuma egazini, okuvame ukuholela ekubukeni kwesifo sikashukela. Lesi sifo, njengombuso, sibonakaliswe ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okulandelayo kokubonisana kwabesifazane. Kwaphela amasonto angama-24, igazi eliyingozi kuphela lizothathwa ukuze lihlaziywe, futhi ku-trimester yesithathu ukuhlolwa okukhethekile kwenziwa - i- curve curve.

Ulwazi jikelele

Isifo sikashukela sokubeletha esikhulelwe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa yisifo esibi kakhulu esidinga indlela efanele yokwelashwa. Enhliziyweni yalesi sifo kuwukudla okungalungile kwama-carbohydrate, noma kunalokho, ukwehla kwe-glucose ukubekezelelana.

E-United States, kwenziwa ucwaningo oluningana ngalolu daba. Ngokusho kolwazi olutholakalayo, isifo sikashukela esithinta isifo sikashukela sabantu besifazane sitholwa ngamacala angu-4%. Ososayensi baseYurophu bamemezela olunye ulwazi. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ukusakazeka kwalesi sifo kuyahlukahluka ku-1 ukuya ku-14% wenani labantu abakhulelwe. Abesifazane abangaba ngu-10% ngemuva kokubeletha bahlala nezimpawu zalesi sifo, okube sekuguqulwa ngohlobo lwe-2 lwesifo sikashukela.

Amazinga anjalo aphakeme kakhulu emhlabeni wonke akhombisa ukuthi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ukuthi abesifazane abaqapheli ngokwanele imiphumela engenzeka yalesi sifo. Ngenxa yalokho, bambalwa kuphela abafuna usizo olufanelekayo odokotela.

Iyini ingozi yesifo sikashukela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?

Okokuqala, kuwumphumela omubi ebusweni ngaphakathi kwesizalo sikamama. Esikhathini sokuqala, isifo sikashukela singabangela ukukhulelwa komzimba okungahambi kahle noma kubangele ukuvela kwezindlela ezihlukahlukene ekuthuthukiseni izakhiwo zobuchopho nenhliziyo yengane. Uma lesi sifo sitholakale esikhathini esizayo (ama-2-3 trimesters), amathuba okukhula okwedlulele ngokweqile aphezulu kakhulu, okuholela ekutheni isifo sikashukela sikashukela. Izimpawu ezisemqoka zalesi sifo zihlanganisa isisindo somzimba esiningi ngokweqile (ngaphezu kuka-4 kg), ukucindezeleka okuphefumula, ukungaboni kahle komzimba, i-hypoglycemia.

Ukukhulelwa kanjani?

Kulesi simo, umuntu akakwazi ukuphendula ngokuqondile lo mbuzo, ngoba icala ngalinye lingumuntu ngamunye. Owesifazane, njengombuso, ugula esibhedlela kathathu. Isikhathi sokuqala esikhathini sokuqala, uhlolwa ngokugcwele, ngokusho ukuthi udokotela uthatha isinqumo sokugcina nokuphatha ukukhulelwa, futhi ubeka imithi yokuvimbela. Isikhathi sesibili esibhedlela senziwa ngesikhathi samasonto angama-20, ngoba ngalesi sikhathi ukuthi izinkinga zokuqala zingase zivele. Ngeviki 32, udokotela ukhetha indlela kanye nesikhathi sokuzalwa okuzayo.

Ubani obathinteka kakhulu yilesi sifo?

Isifo sikashukela sokubeletha sikhulelwe ekukhulelweni, njengombuso, siba khona lapho kutholakala khona izakhi zofuzo, okutholakala ngaphansi kwezinto eziningana, njengokuthi:

• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile;

• amazinga amaningi ngokweqile emcimbini ;

• izinhlobo ezahlukene zokuphulwa kwe-carbohydrate metabolism;

• Ubudala (iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30);

• i-toxicosis yangaphambili kanye nesigestosis;

• izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokuphazamiseka emsebenzini wesimiso senhliziyo;

• Ukukhulelwa kwesisu okungapheli.

Izizathu eziyinhloko

Isifo sikashukela sokugaya esiswini kulabo besifazane sikhula ngenxa yokunciphisa ukuzwela komzimba kwamangqamuzana omzimba ku-insulin. Lokhu kungenxa yokwanda kwezinga lama-hormone egazini, okuvame ukubhekwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ukwengeza, abesifazane basheshe behlula amazinga e-glucose, ngoba manje udinga kokubili ingane kanye ne-placenta. Njengomphumela wazo zonke izici ezichazwe ngenhla, ukukhushulwa kwemali ekukhiqizeni i-insulin ngokuqondile yi-pancreas ngokwayo kubhekwa. Ngakho-ke, yingakho ngokuvamile egazini labesifazane esikhundleni sezinkomba zikhuphuka kancane. Uma i-pancrea yedwa ingabhekana nemisebenzi yayo eqondile, okungukuthi, ngokukhiqizwa kwemali edingekayo ye-insulin, isifo sikashukela sikashukela sikhula.

Izimpawu

Ukwanda kwezinga leshukela kulesi sifo, njengokubusa, akubalulekile. Yingakho izibonakaliso ezithathwa ngabesifazane abakhulelwe zivame kakhulu. Kwezinye izimo, ukoma nokuvuthwa njalo, kanye nesikhumba esomile. Kodwa-ke, zonke lezi zimpawu zibonakala ngabesifazane njengezici ezithile zesimo sabo.

Isifo siqinisekisa kanjani?

Ukuthola ukuhlolwa kwesifo sikashukela sokugaya kuhilela ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-glucose kanye nokuhlolwa okukhethekile kokubekezelelana kwe-glucose (GTT).

Ezokwelapha, kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-GTT, kuye ngokuthi imodi yokuphatha i-glucose: i-intravenous and oral. Esivivinyweni sesibili, isiguli sikhuthazwa ukuba siphuze uketshezi olunomsoco oluqukethe kahle 50 g ushukela. Ngemuva kwemizuzu engu-20, igazi lakhe elinomsoco lithathwa ukuze lihlaziywe (kunqume okuqukethwe kweglucose kuye). Uma izinga lokushukela lidlula izinga lama-140 mg / dl, kuzodingeka ukuthi kuvivinywe ukuhlolwa kokubekezela kwe-glucose ukubekezela.

Ekufezeni lolu cwaningo, kubalulekile ukugcina izimo ezithile. Okokuqala, iziguli ziyanconywa ukuba zihambisane nemithwalo yemvelo evamile kanye nokudla okungakapheli izinsuku ezinhlanu ngaphambi kosuku olulindelekile lokuhlolwa, kodwa okuqukethwe kwe-carbohydrate ekudleni kufanele kudlulele ku-150 g. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi isampula legazi lenziwa kuphela ekuseni nangesisu esingenalutho. Isiguli sinconywa ukuzila ukudla amahora angu-14 ngaphambi kokuthatha ukuhlolwa. Phakathi nocwaningo kungcono ukuthula.

Yini okufanele kube ukwelashwa?

Isifo sikashukela sokubeletha esikhulelwe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kuvame ukulukhuni ngokuthi owesifazane unezikhathi ezine ngosuku ukukala izinga le-glucose. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuthi ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa kulokhu kukhonjiswe ngokuqondile, ngoba kungaphazamisa ukuthuthukiswa kwengane esibelethweni.

Ngokuphathelene nendaba yokwelashwa, kulokhu, ochwepheshe batusa ukuba banamathele ekudleni okukhethekile, njalo hlola izinkomba zeshukela. Uma zonke iziphakamiso ezingenhla zinganikezi imiphumela efunayo, ukwelashwa kwe-insulin kunqunywe.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kokudla kwalesi sifo?

Isifo sikashukela sokubeletha ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kusho ukuhambisana nokudla okuthile. Njengoba kukhulunywe ngenhla, ukudla okunempilo ngokuvamile kuyisihluthulelo sokwelashwa okuphumelelayo kwempilo. Ochwepheshe batusa kunoma yiliphi icala ukunciphisa inani lokudla okunomsoco, kungcono ukunciphisa okuqukethwe kwayo kwekhalori ngandlela-thile. Ngezansi sinikeza iseluleko esiwusizo ekudleni nalesi sifo.

• Yidla izingxenye ezincane futhi njalo ngesikhathi esithile.

• Kunconywa ukuba ususe ngokuphelele ekudleni kwansuku zonke zonke ukudla okuthosiwe kanye namafutha, kanye nama-carbohydrate ashintshwe kalula (isibonelo, amaqebelengwane, amaswidi) nokudla okusheshayo.

• Yini engingayidla ngayo nesifo sikashukela? Ukulinganisa kungcono ukucebisa ngezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-porridges, imifino nezithelo ezintsha, i-pasta (kuphela okusanhlamvu okuphelele). Yonke le mikhiqizo iqukethe inani elikhulu le-fiber, eliwusizo kakhulu ekukhulelwe.

• Ungasebenzisa ukudla okunomsoco nezinhlanzi ekudleni, kungcono ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo ebhemayo, amasoseji kanye namasoseji.

• Ukupheka kumele kuphekwe noma kuphekwe kuhhavini besebenzisa inani elincane lamafutha.

• Akunconywa ukukhohlwa mayelana nombuso ophuzayo wokuphuza (okungenani amalitha amabili wamanzi amasha ngosuku).

Umthwalo womzimba

Ukuzivocavoca nsuku zonke kuyasiza kakhulu kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, njengoba begcina ithoni ye-muscle, ngcono impilo kanye nesenzo se-insulin, ukuvimbela ukubukeka kwamafutha amaningi. Yiqiniso, umthwalo kuleli cala kufanele ulinganise. Abesifazane bakhuthazwa ukuba baye emakilasini e-yoga, bathathe izinyawo ezincane nsuku zonke, badabuka echibini. Ungasebenzisi ngokweqile umsebenzi wokuzivocavoca (ukugibela amahhashi, ukugibela amahhashi nokweqa), njengoba kungabangela ukulimala. Kubalulekile ukulawula isikhathi ngasinye inani lemithwalo, ngokusekelwe esivele inhlalakahle yowesifazane okhulelwe ngokwayo.

Ukulandela okulandelayo kwe-Postpartum

Ngokushesha ngemva kokubeletha, isifo sikashukela sokubeletha esiswini kulabo besifazane sidlula, kodwa kwezinye izimo singabangela izinkinga. Njengoba sekushiwo ngenhla, umntwana uzalwa kakhulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke kufanele uvame ukubhekana nesigaba sokudla. Into ewukuthi ngokubeletha kwemvelo, kungenzeka ukuba uthole ukuhlukunyezwa kokubeletha.

Ingane izalwa ngezinga eliphansi likashukela, kodwa ayikho izinyathelo ezikhethekile zokusetshenziswa kwayo okujwayelekile. Izinga le-glucose yedwa liba yinto evamile uma umama edla umntwana ngesifuba. Lesi sibonakaliso kufanele sihlolwe njalo ngongcweti esibhedlela esibhedlela.

Uma owesifazane elandela ngokucacile yonke imiyalelo kadokotela ngenkathi ekhulelwe, ingane yakhe ngeke isongelwe nge-gestational diabetes mellitus, ukuzalwa kuzodlula ngokuthula.

Uma owesifazane enganaki ukwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, lokhu ukwephulwa kungabangela ukubeletha kwesifo sikashukela ekusaneni. Kubonakala ngezici ezilandelayo:

• i-jaundice;

• ukwandiswa kwegazi lokuhlangana;

• i-edema yamathambo;

• ukwephulwa kwemvelo yomzimba (isibonelo, izitho ezincane kakhulu);

• izinhlobo ezahlukene zezimo zokuphefumula.

Ukuze ekugcineni unqobe isifo esinjalo njengesifo sikashukela sokugaya, ukudla kufanele kuqhubeke ngemva kokubeletha. Ukunamathela kokudla okuqinile kunconywa kuze kube yilapho ushukela egazini ekugcineni uphindela evamile.

Ochwepheshe bacebisa bonke abesifazane abathintekayo ukuthi bahlolwe ngonyaka. Kukholelwa ukuthi owesifazane kwabahlanu kwaba nesifo sikashukela, eqinisweni, uthola ukuthi unesifo sikashukela esingaziwa.

Izinyathelo zokuvimbela

Ngokusho kochwepheshe, ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo empeleni kunzima kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, abesifazane abasengozini abanaso sonke isifo sikashukela.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukuhlela kokukhulelwa emva kwalokhu kutholakala kufanele kube ngaphansi kokuqondiswa udokotela futhi kungakapheli iminyaka emibili kusukela ngosuku lokuzalwa kwangaphambilini. Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngaphambi kwalesi sikhathi, kunconywa ukuba uqale ukuqapha isisindo sakho, ukwethula ukuzivocavoca umzimba emisebenzini yakho yansuku zonke, ukubuza udokotela ukuthi yini ongayidla ngesifo sikashukela.

Ngokuqinisekile noma imiphi imithi kufanele ivumelane ngaso sonke isikhathi nochwepheshe. Into ewukuthi ukusetshenziswa okungalawulwa kwemithi, kuhlanganise namaphilisi okukhulelwa, kungabangela ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo esinjalo njengesifo sikashukela sokugaya.

Impendulo evela ochwepheshe kanye nokubeletha abesifazane kakade iphakamisa ukuthi uma kwenzeka udokotela osebenza kahle, amathuba okuba nemiphumela emihle kakhulu. Kubalulekile futhi ngemuva kokuvela kwengane ukuqhubeka nokuqapha umzimba wakho. Isibonelo, emva kwezinyanga eziyi-1.5, udinga ukuhlola ukuhlola izinga le-glucose. Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yakhe, uchwepheshe uzonikeza izincomo zakhe ngokudla okunomsoco kanye nokuphila ngendlela ejwayelekile, futhi uzobeka usuku lokuhlolwa okulandelayo kokulawula.

Isiphetho

Ekuphetheni, kufanele kuphinde kuqashelwe ukuthi lokhu okuxilongwa, nazo zonke izincomo zodokotela oya khona, cishe akusho ukuthi usongela impilo yengane. Kubaluleke kakhulu kuleli cala ukulungisa kahle imicabango yakho, ukudlulisa zonke izivivinyo ngesikhathi, ukudla kahle. Ungathola zokupheka ezithakazelisayo zesifo sikashukela, ngeke ziwusizo kuphela kumama ekubelethweni, kodwa nakumlingani wakhe. Ochwepheshe batusa ukuphumula okwengeziwe, ukuvivinya umzimba, futhi kusihlwa ukuhamba nomuntu othandekayo. Uma owesifazane ehlelwe ukuthi ukukhulelwa kuzodlula ngokuphepha, ngenxa yalokho, umntwana ophilile ophilile ubonakala ekukhanyeni.