Izincwadi Chivalric KweNkathi Ephakathi: Uhlu kanye nokubuyekeza

izincwadi Knight sika - umugqa enkulu umsebenzi, okuyinto zakhiwa Ephakathi. Kwakuwusuku iqhawe kwenza amakhosi asendulo feat iqhawe. Umkhiqizo edume kakhulu kule ndawo: elisungulwe France Gotfridatom Strasbourg "Ingoma Roland" e-Germany - "Tristan futhi Isolde" (ivesi inoveli) futhi "INgoma Nibelungs" eSpain - 'uRodrigo "futhi" INgoma Cid "nabanye.

Sikolo avelele saziso kwengqikithi ethi "emibhalo A Knight sika" (Libanga 6). Abafundi kukhona indaba ivelaphi, izinhlobo eziyinhloko, ujwayelene imisebenzi esemqoka. Nokho, isihloko "izincwadi A Knight sika Ephakathi" (Libanga 6) adalule onomfutho, ngokukhetha, Uphuthelwe amanye amaphuzu abalulekile. Kulesi sihloko, singathanda ukudalula ngokugcwele ukuba umfundi kwadingeka umqondo ongcono ngakho.

izinkondlo Knight sika

izincwadi Knight ihlanganisa hhayi kuphela amanoveli, kodwa futhi izinkondlo, okuyinto wahlabelela ngezindumiso ukwethembeka intokazi ethile yenhliziyo. Ukuze wakhe, Knights engozini ukuphila ngokwako ngaphansi nokuvivinywa okuhlukahlukene. Zikhazimulisa uthando ingoma imbongi-singers ngokuthi minnesingers eJalimane, troubadours - e eningizimu yeFrance, futhi trouveres - enyakatho yezwe. Abalobi kunazo owaziwa - Bertran De Born, Arnaud Daniyeli, Dzhaufre Rudel. Esikhathini ezincwadini nasemasikweni amaNgisi le-13 leminyaka lesikhumbuzo ezibaluleke kakhulu - a bezingoma anikezelwe Robin Hood.

izincwadi Chivalric e-Italy umelwe izinkondlo ikakhulu lyric. Wasungula indlela entsha eziqhakambisa uthando intokazi, Guido Guinizelli, imbongi Bolognese. Umhlangano omkhulu kunayo yonke nabameleli bayo - Guido Cavalcanti futhi Brunetto latini, le Florentines.

Ukubona i-knight and intokazi enhle

Igama elithi "knight" kusho "umgibeli" German. Ukuhlala iqhawe, wayengumuntu ngesikhathi esifanayo babe imikhuba emihle kakhulu, nikhuleke bekayikosikazi inhliziyo, ukuba cultured. Kuyinto nge yokukhulekelwa kukankulunkulukazi yokugcina futhi kwakungekho izinkondlo courtly. Abamele wahlabelela umusa wakhe nobuhle, futhi izintokazi omkhulu babephathwa ngomusa lolu hlobo lobuciko, okuyinto bebabaza kubo. Kwaba izincwadi sublime chivalric. Isithombe okwethulwa kulesi sihloko, uqinisekise lesi.

uthando Courtly Yiqiniso, ngokwezinga elithile kabi amandla akhe, njengoba subordinated ngokuphelele nenhlonipho enkantolo. Sings ngezindumiso lady, njengoba umthetho, kwaba umka suzerain. Futhi Knights uyathandana naye, wahlala nezikhonzi ehloniphekile. iculo Ngakho engenangqondo akhohlisa ukuzazisa zesifazane, ezungezwe kokubili amakhosi asendulo egcekeni Ukukhalipha wedwa.

izinkondlo courtly

uthando Courtly kwakuyimfihlo okwaphela, ngakho musa alinge ngibize igama lady yakhe. Kwakubukeka njengolimi umuzwa ukukhulekela okunenhlonipho.

Wadala ngesikhathi imibhalo olusankondlo eziningi, futhi zabhalwa kakhulu kubo owalahleka. Kodwa phakathi kungekho nto enemibala emihle eziningi futhi ngenxa yalokho kukhona esimnandi, izibalo elikhanyayo. I troubadours edume kakhulu babe Giraut de Borneyl, Bernart de Ventadorn, Marcabru, Dzhaufre Rudel, Peirol.

Izinhlobo zezinkondlo courtly

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinkondlo courtly e Provence, kodwa ezivamile: Alba, Canson, pastorela, ballad ukulila tensona, sirventes.

Canson (ukuhumusha - "ingoma") ezibekwe lelandzisako akha love indaba ephathwayo.

Alba (okusho "inkanyezi yokusa") sanikezelwa uqhekeko, uthando yasemhlabeni. Lathi ukuthi abathandi ukuzobhidliza ngemva komhlangano imfihlo ekuqaleni indlela yakhe yazisa inceku noma umile unogada ngamunye wabo.

Pastorela - ingoma othi umhlangano cowherd kanye Knight.

Imbongi elangazelela okhalayo, ngalila isabelo sawo, noma elilela umuntu abasondelene naye.

Tensona - uhlobo ingxabano tetemibhalo, okuyinto ubuhanjelwe ezimbili noma imbongi, noma intokazi enhle imbongi, imbongi kanye Ngothando.

Sirventes - ingoma lapho abathintekayo izindaba zomphakathi, abaluleke kakhulu zazo yilezi: Ngubani ofanele ukuba zithande ngaphezulu - the Baron elidumile noma ovamile Suave?

Lokhu, ezincwadini emfushane knightly courtly.

Troubadours, zazo sekushiwo, kukhona izimbongi lokuqala courtly yeYurophu. Ngemva base-German "singers uthando" - minnesingers. Kodwa isici izinkanuko izinkondlo yabo iye yaba nendima ezincane kuno kule Romance wanqoba ithoni kunalokho nozwela.

Uhlobo romance

Ekhulwini le-12 kwaphawulwa ukuvela izincwadi courtly romance - uhlobo olusha. Dala sihilela ngaphandle bezibona yokudala emhlabeni futhi ugqozi, kanye nolwazi olunzulu. Knight nezincwadi ezisemadolobheni kuhlobene eduze. Abalobi abantu bayo, ososayensi cishe uzama buyisana amakghonwabo izimiso ukulingana kwabo bonke phambi kukaNkulunkulu, imikhuba namasiko kwenkathi ezazikhona ngokoqobo. Njengoba wokumelana yokugcina wakhuthaza izimiso ngezilokotho. Lokhu ukuziphatha, okutshengisa izincwadi courtly e Ephakathi, kwaba nakancane, kodwa ukuthi libonisa enovelini.

romance French

Sokuthuthwa kwempahla amamaki akhe Breton umjikelezo. Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke amanoveli kulolu chungechunge zihlanganisa: "Brutus," "Erec futhi Enid," "Klizhes", "Tristan futhi Isolde", "Iveyn", "Beautiful Stranger", "Parsifal", "Romance le Grail", "Ababi igceke lesonto "," Perlesvaus, "" Ukufa Arthur "nabanye.

E-Fulansi, knight kwezincwadi medieval yayimelelwe kahle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyinto ekhaya lokuqala Chivalry. Kwakumelwe uhlobo Fusion we kuphindza acoce Late of-Ovid, Virgil, uHomer nendumezulu legends Celtic izindaba mayelana amazwe ezingaziwa we Crusaders nezingoma kurtuaznyh.

Chretien de Troyes wayengomunye wabasunguli be uhlobo. Indalo yakhe edume kakhulu yile okuthiwa "Iveyn, noma Knight wengonyama." Izwe wadala de Troyes, uwukubonakaliswa Chivalry, ngoba abalingisi abahlala kuwo, bafisa imigilingwane, ukuze adventure. Kulesi inoveli, Chretien selukhombisile ukuthi feat kukodwa lutho, ukuthi noma iyiphi adventure kufanele kugxile, elimchazayo: kungaba ukuvikela ethile anyundele ladies, ukuthola intombazane kusukela umlilo, wokutakula izihlobo komngane wakhe. Kutihluphekisa nokuphana Iveyn kugcizelelwe ubungane bakhe inkosi yezilwane - ingonyama.

Ngo "Indaba Grail" yilo kumbhali kusetshenziswa izindlela ezingcono ezembula uhlamvu komuntu. I ezibabazekayo "nobunzima" iqhawe awusona austerity. Nokho, lokhu akulona ukuphenduka yobuKristu insindiso yemiphefumulo yabo, ngokwezindlu izisusa yangaphakathi zobugovu ngokujulile, futhi umuzwa olukhulu injongo nokuzikhuza. Percival, hero of the amahlamvu akuyona ngenxa yenkolo ngiyibona ezingaqondakali intombi yakhe, futhi ngenxa lahlukene imizwa, lapho exovwe ukudabuka lomama bashiya ne isifiso sokusiza abadobi yinkosi, uyisekazi ka-hero.

Romance eJalimane

Kwesinye isehlakalo owaziwa ephakathi "Tristan futhi Isolde", ithoni ehluke ngokuphelele. Ngesisekelo lenziwe legends Irish wawuchaza uthando engajabule izinhliziyo abasha amahle. Akekho noveli adventure chivalrous, iza kuqhame ukungqubuzana kwezinkambiso wesintfu abathandi nezisusa. Passion Queen Isolde ne-Tristan abafana baphokophelele wabakhipha lokunyathela esikweletini zomshado ngaphansi kwesizwe. Uba ncwadi kwaphahlazeka tinge: izinhlamvu bayizisulu ukudalelwa, phetho.

EJalimane, i-romance seyenziwe ikakhulukazi ilungiselelo usebenza French: Heinrich von Veldeke ( "Aeneid"), Gottfried von Strassburg, Hartmann von Aue ( "Iveyn" futhi "Erek"), Wolfram von Eschenbach ( "Partsial"). Ziyahlukahluka kuye kusukela ushona izindaba ezingokwenkolo nezokuziphatha yokugcina.

Romance eSpain

ESpain, romance ngokuphelele kwaze kwaba sekhulwini le-16 abazange ukuthuthukisa. Yaziwa e ekhulwini le-14, oyedwa kuphela ngokuthi "Knight Siphar". Esikhathini esilandelayo, ngekhulu le-15, kukhona "Kurian futhi Guelph" futhi "Tyrant White" ebhalwe Zhoanotom Joanot Martorell. Ekhulwini le-16 Montalvo wadala "Amadis de Gaula", futhi kwabonakala inoveli engaziwa, "kusho uDe Oliviya Palmerin" kanye nabanye, inani ezingaphezu kuka-50.

Romance e-Italy

izincwadi Chivalric KweNkathi Ephakathi izwe libhekene iziza ikakhulukazi waboleka. Umnikelo wokuqala ka-Italy iyona inkondlo "Okufakiwe ku Spain," eyabhalwa kumbhali engaziwa ekhulwini le-14, kanye "ukuthunjwa Pamplona" futhi kumdlalo walo, adalwe Niccolò kusuka Verona. epics Italian athuthukiswe imisebenzi ngu-Andrea da Barberino.