Aleksandr Tvardovsky, "Vasily Terkin": uhlobo, isifinyezo

Omunye imisebenzi edume kakhulu hhayi kuphela yasekhaya kodwa futhi emhlabeni izincwadi indzabambhalo Tvardovsky "Vasily Terkin". Isici yalo msebenzi - inkondlo. Wakujabulela ithandwa enkulu phakathi abafundi, futhi namuhla ubhekwa isibonelo esihle lempi isosha esihlatshelelwayo.

Mayelana umbhali

Aleksandr Tvardovsky (1910-1971) wayevela emzaneni ongumlimi umndeni elula. Lapho ngineminyaka engu-nanhlanu eqala ukubhala izinkondlo iDemo ephephandabeni lendawo. imbongi edumile M. Isakovsky evunyiwe emibhalweni yakhe futhi waba umeluleki ikusasa umlobi odumile. Ngo-1930 Twardowski wabhala izinkondlo eziningi abuye ashicilele iqoqo izinkondlo. Kuyinto ephawulekayo ukuthi, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi umndeni wakhe nezihlobo izisulu ngokuhamba collectivization Aleksandr Tvardovsky amaningana imisebenzi yakhe wachaza ezombusazwe party edolobhaneni ngendlela enhle kakhulu. Ngaphambi kwempi wasebenza iphephandaba Leningrad, okuyinto eyanyatheliswa okokuqala iDemo inkondlo yakhe yokuqala okuncane mayelana nokuthi kamuva eyaduma Vasily Terkin. Lapho impi yaqala, imbongi waya phambi, nazo zonke kweminyaka yempi kancane wadala umsebenzi yakhe edume kunazo zonke, owanikhipha udumo-Union.

ekudalweni

Omunye imisebenzi edume kakhulu impi timu "Vasily Terkin". Uhlobo Tindzaba ifaniswe umqondo kombhali: ukwakha ngempela iqhawe lesizwe, ukuthi kungaba kuyaqondakala futhi kufinyeleleke kuwo wonke umuntu. Ngakho wabhala indaba yakhe njengoba senkondlo, ukulwa, isosha elula, abadabula lonke impi. Nokho, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi azikho imininingwane, umbhalo ukuqonda ezinye izimpi: ukubaleka of amabutho aseSoviet ekuqaleni kwempi, impi phezu iVolga, Dnieper. Izahluko zokuqala ezingu yashicilelwa eWestern Front yayithandwa kakhulu phakathi abafundi.

Izici

Umsebenzi wobuciko Tvardovsky "Vasily Terkin", uhlobo okwakukhona, isimiso, kuyinto lukaKhisimusi imbongi, naphezu ukugxekwa party ukucwaninga usuthandwa ngakho ngenxa yokuthi umbhali wakhetha njengoba ubuntu bakhe eyinhloko ayikona ukuhlanganisa abamele umyalo noma ubuholi beqembu futhi somuntu ovamile esithombeni okuyinto kwaba yilelo nalelo butho ka ibutho laseSoviet cishe angazithola. Terkin - isithombe lilonke amasosha, hhayi nje ngaphandle kwesizathu noma nini umbhali ugcizelela typicality hero, ukuqaphela kwakhe.

Indzaba "Vasily Terkin", uhlobo okuyinto eye wavumela imbongi kulula futhi elula ukuba baveze abakucabangayo ephepheni, ezibhalwe ngolimi kufinyeleleke. Twardowski ngenjongo ecashile wabhala umsebenzi wakhe njengomprofethi inkondlo. Iqiniso lokuthi lolu hlobo kusikisela a Motifs lyric-olubabazekayo lelandzisako sína ifomu vesi. Bese kubhekwa umsebenzi yeqhawe ngempela emoyeni, ngoba ithumba umoya kanye nemizwelo amasosha hhayi kuphela weZempi Soviet, kodwa futhi sonke isizwe phakathi nempi.

Folk motifs

Izintandokazi abalobi uhlobo akuyona ngephutha. Inkondlo Tvardovsky "Vasily Terkin" eduze ngolimi lwabo, umsindo nomoya temdzabu, futhi, njengoba sazi, leli fomu vesi ekuqaleni nje, futhi kukhona njengoba iculo Folk amaqhawe, njengoba uhlobo legend, legend of yimuphi umcimbi nobuqhawe. Futhi umbhali kumele kube ngokugcwele lesi simiso: yena ibonakala enqaba ngamabomu contrivances etemibhalo kolimi eveza umqondo wakhe silula, ulimi, elifana lokho kwaba ngesikhathi iculo lasendulo inkondlo ebhalwe. Leli fomu wamvumela ukuboleka eziningi inkulumo zabantu. Inkondlo Tvardovsky "Vasily Terkin" kufanele esekelwe temdzabu bendabuko. Igcwele imilolotelo, amazwi, izaga, futhi ezinye izitatimende namazwi wonke umsebenzi, yena, waba phraseology, okhombisa ngezinga eliphakeme ukuthandwa hero.

ukwakheka

Inkondlo "Vasily Terkin", okuqukethwe okuyinto ebalulekile eyaba kabusha ukuphila wezempi, baba umfundi abathandekayo, ngokunembile ngoba lokhu kusinika umfanekiso omuhle kakhulu inhliziyo linikeza ezivamile sempi kanzima. Umkhiqizo siqukethe izahluko amathathu, isandulela sencwadi kombhali kanye isiphetho sendaba; Nokho, imbongi kanye ekuqaleni ubeka ukuthi incwadi yakhe akanakho ekuqaleni noma ekugcineni. Lo mbono uyaqhubeka ahlose ngokuyinhloko isihloko infinity isikhathi, emgwaqeni omude wokuphila nokufa. Inikeza umuzwa okhethekile yefilosofi umkhiqizo, waphoqa umfundi ukuba acabange isiphetho usizi jikelele, mayelana ngobunzima obulethwa impi. Inhloko "Crossing 'abathambekele obonwa baxgeki kakhulu futhi main Ingcenye ephakathi yesigaba wonke umsebenzi.

okuqukethwe

Engxenyeni ngayinye lunikezelwe isiqephu nokuphila hero othandekayo. Futhi umbhali ayigxilile umfanekiso nezigigaba nobuqhawe umlingisi, kunalokho, wayevame ubonisa ke endaweni elula ngezikhathi ezolile, ngesikhathi ukuhwebelana, zokupaka nokunye. Isihloko senkondlo "Vasily Terkin" - lesi sithombe elula isosha ukuphila, okuyinto, naphezu izinto ezinyantisa umzimba empini, akazange alahlekelwe ukuba nethemba lokuhle nokholo kwaba ngukunqoba. Ngisho nasezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, akalokothi sidangele, futhi wathandana umfundi.

Izingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu umsebenzi yilezi ezilandelayo: incazelo feat Terkina ngesikhathi ibhuloho, ekulweni kwakhe Ukufa, isithombe umlingisi pass, isiqephu indiza ababeke, hero kwasemini isosha ubudala. Kulezi izigcawu, umlobi uzama ukukhombisa ubuntu bakhe ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene: ngamunye lezi zahluko, kubonakala abafundi ezimweni liyabonakala enjalo lapho sekudlule izinkulungwane amasosha aseSoviet.

indaba

Lapha Terkin ukubhukuda sawela umfula ezineqhwa ukuwudlulisela umlayezo obalulekile mayelana nendawo isitha izenzo amasosha aseSoviet. Umbhali aligcizeleli ubuqhawe yalesi senzo, ngakolunye uhlangothi, waba ichaza isimo ngendlela yokuthi umfundi uyaqonda ukuthi ngendlela efanayo wawuyokwenza yimuphi omunye isosha indawo Terkina. Kulesi esifakiwe, njengoba ngempela lonke inkondlo, bekuzwa ngokucacile okushoyo izwi umbhali, ngubani, kunjengokungathi ngokungabonakali endaweni yesehlakalo kuchaziwe, ukunikeza imibono yabo, imibono, kwenzekani, futhi enikeza ubuqiniso lelandzisako nobuqiniso.

Ngokuvamile, i-sibalo yemlandzi e Twardowski ukuyichaza: yena njalo engena inkhulumomphendvulwano ubuntu bakhe, uphendukela kuye ngemibuzo ahlukahlukene, azwakalisa uzwela kwakhe noma ukuhlonishwa kwabo. Esahlukweni "Ngo nse" wazizwa sengqondo ikakhulukazi efudumele imbongi hero yakhe. Umbhali iveza Terkina imvelo ezivamile futhi liyabonakala ngoba ukuphumula lamasosha, nge inkositini ezandleni zakhe. Mhlawumbe lo mfanekiso nalo mbhalo we Uhlamvu babathanda kakhulu abafundi, njengoba izinsuku emuva emibonweni yendabuko abavamile abalimi abazikhandlayo, ngubani ngomzuzwanyana ukuphumula lihlabelela bese lidlala harmonica. Yingakho nje i-izikhumbuzo Basil livezwa njengowesifazane Accordionist.

isithombe

Esahlukweni ku Terkina ingxoxo isosha ubudala, Twardowski futhi libonisa ubuntu bakhe endaweni elula, phakathi abalimi, okuyinto waphinda kuletha kwamsondeza abantu abavamile. Bobabili amasosha bakhuluma ngani impi futhi le ngxoxo ngokushesha yokuthola ulimi olulodwa. Lona lolwehlukanisa hero: nomaphi lapho ayeya khona, masinyane uthola ukuba nolimi olulodwa olwaziwayo nabanye. Yiqiniso, imbongi awuzibe impumelelo lempi iqhawe yakhe: ngaphezu siqephu owela ayenakho, isibonelo, adubule phansi izindiza isitha. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi umbhali echazwe isiqephu sokugcina ukuthi kwadutshulwa indiza ncamashi Terkina, umfundi ifunda kuphela ekupheleni, lapho umyalo waqala ukufuna iqhawe. Ngakho, wadala image Twardowski Folk iqhawe Vasiliya Terkina empeleni limelela bonke abantu ubuso bakhe.

kokuhlaziywa

Folk yeqhawe anesizathu beqashelwa jikelele. Wakhe kakhulu ukunconywa enjalo abalobi ovelele efana Pasternak, fadeev, Bunin. Abafundi e eziyisisekelo zabo izincwadi kumbhali ebuzwa ukuze uqhubeke. Futhi kuphela ikomidi ukucwaninga bekagula ukuthi Twardowski akazanga emsebenzini wakhe, indima leQembu LamaKhomanisi. Nokho, umlobi ngokwakhe wavuma ukuthi derogations akuhambisani wonke umqondo yomsebenzi, ngakho ngentando yakho baqhubeka ukubhala isiqondiso lapho kunesidingo. Ngokwenhlolo-vo yamuva nkondlo kwahlanganiswa phezulu imisebenzi kabanzi wokufundwayo lokubhekana nezinkinga lempi. Umsebenzi iyingxenye yezifundo zezikole futhi kube kufanele, ethandwa ezinsukwini zethu.