Kuyini Elithi umami? Umlando kanye nokunambitheka kwe-umami

Kusukela umuntu uyekile nje emlonyeni wakho ukuthi kungenzeka ukuba uthole, futhi baqala ukulungiselela, bekungenxa cishe eziyizigidi ezingu-2 iminyaka. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, eziningi izinguquko eziye zaba khona Njengoba edlulisela amasiko Culinary yokudla. Manje, ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-21, izitayela ezintsha ekuphekeni bazalwa enye ngemva kwenye. cuisine Yamamolekhula, ezifana, kahle, ukudla ukudla iluhlaza noma akekho uyamangala. Kodwa uyini "Elithi umami", owaziyo hhayi wonke umuntu. Kunoma ikuphi, izigidi zabantu zikholelwa ukuthi alien futhi engaziwa.

Kodwa banephutha. Okungajwayelekile futhi alien kubo kubonakala kuphela igama. Yona kanye imiqondo lomkhuba esifanayo siyasebenza ngokuphelele wonke umuntu. Ake siphenye.

Mayelana nomlando

Igama elithi "Elithi umami" wazalwa ngo Ekude. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, e-Japan. ke alikwazi ukuhumusheka ngokoqobo kolunye ulimi, kodwa uma kungenjalo izwi nezwi, okusho uya like lokhu: "ukunambitheka esimnandi", "nambitha vkusnoty" noma okunye okunjalo into. Njengoba amazwi ezanele ngolimi Russian ayitholakali, kwakudingekile ukusebenzisa isi-Japanese.

Labo abaye manje kuphela wanquma ukuthola ukuthi yini izingqondo kungenzeka wamangala kakhulu ukube bebazi ukuthi eJapane ukwazi lokhu mkhuba kudala. Futhi izwi elishiwoyo okokuqala eminyakeni engaphezu kweyikhulu edlule - ngo-1908. Kwathi hhayi kuphi nje, kodwa laboratory yamakhemikhali YaseMoscow University, lapho ayesebenza khona njengoba uprofesa Kikune Ikeda. Nguye owokuqala lakhomba inani imikhiqizo, okuyinto, ngokombono wakhe, waba ukunambitheka ekhethekile. Lezi wathatha asparagus, utamatisi, inyama, ushizi, kanye okuhlushwa eliphakeme ezitholakala dashi - kombu zasolwandle umhluzi.

Chemist, waya aqala ukushumayela futhi ngokushesha behlukene kombu glutamate izidakamizwa - okufanayo acid acid, okunikeza ukudla flavour ekhethekile. Ikeda ngaqhubeka nesifundo bese wathola patent efanele.

Kancane mayelana zomzimba

ulimi Human ingaze flavour ezine. Yonke enye into - lena inhlanganisela yabo ngezabelo ezithile. Yilokho physiologists amangalelwe kuze kube muva nje. Namuhla izwe yezesayensi is kubuyeketa lo mbono.

Ezinosawoti, ezinoshukela, okumuncu, okubabayo ... Futhi ngokusobala okunye! Simbe, kodwa aqondakale ngaphandle amazwi. Into eyenza yaphezulu ukudla. Lona izingqondo. Taste № 5 njengoba kwase kungamakhulu awakholelwa kanye abapheki physiologists.

Le into is hhayi kuphela obonwa yethu ukunambitheka efihlekile, kodwa futhi umlutha. Ufuna ukuzama ngokuphindaphindiwe! Yini engingayisho - singabantwana izingqondo enophephela! lwesihlanu lokunambitheka ikhange kangaka kithi, ukuthi ukulahla imikhiqizo lapho kuqukethwe, ngesinye isikhathi kunzima kakhulu.

izingqondo kuphi evamile?

Uhlu imikhiqizo eziningi. Kuhlanganisa izinhlobo eziningi ushizi, uphizi oluhlaza, ummbila, inyama, inhlanzi, izithelo fresh. iphesenti Kuyamangalisa enkulu izingqondo e amakhowe, ikakhulukazi amahlathi. Asparagus futhi iminqumo - futhi imithombo eziwusizo glutamate.

Soy sauce - nje inqolobane kulabo esesizifundile ukuthi izingqondo enjalo, futhi yanquma ukuthola okwengeziwe nokudla ke.

Inani elikhulu eziqukethwe uphuzo oludakayo, newayini elibomvu ikakhulukazi.

Kodwa entendeni igcina ubisi lwebele. Futhi ubisi nezinye izilwane abakwazi ukumelana ngokuqinile nanoma ikuphi ukuqhathaniswa naye, nakuba kuyindaba khona.

Izazi ziyavuma ukuthi izingqondo futhi kumele akwazi ukuthola. Indlela elula - decoction. Glutamate uya kalula umhluzi, akumangalisi ukuthi labonakala okokuqala kusukela dashi isobho. Icala elifanayo futhi inyama - ezingqondweni ushizi rasprobovat engenakwenzeka. Enye indlela eqinisekile - pickling, pickling, ukuvutshelwa. Ngakho-ke, inyama ebomvu, singadli. Kodwa thermally kusetshenzwe noma zifakwe emanzini anosawoti - yebo.

Kanti kungokunye imifino. Elithi umami okugcwele eswakeme ngakhoke siyajabula yomqondo imifino ngaphandle iyiphi indlela yokwelapha.

dodgy Imvelo

Ubuthi eziqukethwe isikhunta izitshalo, has a ukunambitheka okumunyu. Iyadingeka Ukuze ingqondo glucose - amnandi. Mineral nosawoti ngokwemvelo okunosawoti. acid Organic zihlale asidi emnandi. Kunjalo wongqondongqondo. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi ocebile kakhulu imikhiqizo glutamate ukuthi banokuhlangenwe kakhulu.

Ngamanye amazwi, lokho kuyingozi empilweni zethu, singazi bumnandi. Futhi lokho okudingekayo, ke kusisondeza. Ososayensi ukuntela ukuthi ngenxa yesizathu esifanayo, Imvelo wenze emnandi futhi ucansi enjalo.

Elithi umami kusishukumisela

Ungamangali ukube ukufunda appetizers zokupheka inkukhu noma inyama, okuhlanganisa esincane anchovies oqoshiwe? Uma uthi nhlá, inhlanganisela ngokuphelele engenangqondo, kahle, nje futhi izinhlanzi noma inyoni. Kodwa umphumela waba yini! Siyabonga amaRoma asendulo - ayini ngesikhathi esisodwa yasungulwa "garum" - isibilile izinhlanzi sauce, ngokuvumelana iresiphi efana nososo eziningi cuisine Far Eastern. Incazelo ilula - amaprotheni inhlanzi, fermenting, abaphukile phansi amino acid, okuyizinto kalula esihlukile glutamate.

Njengoba izingane ziyabheda kusukela elithi "i-hamburger" futhi "pizza"! Iphuzu lapha alikho ubumnandi isithelo esinqatshelwe, kodwa nje ofanayo lwesihlanu lokunambitheka. Ayi "pepperoni" ushizi (ikakhulukazi mozzarella), amakhowe, yenkomo Burgers - konke ukuthi zichichima nje glutamate! Kodwa kukhona enye yezinto eziletha okungukuthi esiphakeme kunazo zonke abanye ehlanganiswe - utamatisi unama. Utamatisi - kuyinto iqhawe phakathi imifino okuqukethwe izingqondo. Izithombe pizza noma Burgers kusuka ukudla okusheshayo ukwenza salivary ethu nezindlala ngazikhandla, sinalo ngisho nokubonakala kokungqubuzana ukudla glutamate-ocebile awukwazi bahlala banganandaba. Kuyini ngempela kukhona ukukhuluma mayelana nephunga!

Amazwi angaphenduka bachaza ukunambitheka kwezinhlobo usoso wesoya? Ake ungitshele, ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthi okunosawoti. Kodwa usawoti nento okunosawoti! Futhi unezela ambalwa akha iglu esebenza usoso wesoya owenza isidlo esithile umphefumulo. Into wukuthi lo mkhiqizo kungenziwa ngokuthi isixazululo ezingqondweni, ngakho ke kungcono okuqukethwe.

By the way, cishe lokhu kuchaza izwe uthando cuisine Chinese. Kuyiqiniso, akukho cuisine kazwelonke akuzange wathola enjalo isandiso futhi liqashelwe njengenkolo empumalanga. Elithi umami belisebenzisa kahle, futhi bonke wachaza.

zokwenziwa Analogue

Musa usike igama elithi "glutamate" izindlebe zakho? Ngokungafani "izingqondo", izwi kungenzeka ujwayelene kuwo wonke umuntu. Noma yimuphi umntwana uzokutshela ukuthi ukunambitheka sithuthukisi glutamate - kuba njalo eziyingozi nokubi. Ngeshwa, ngenxa yokuswela ulwazi ngokuvamile kuholela amaphutha. Empeleni, imikhiqizo eziqukethwe glutamate - into yemvelo ngokuphelele ayiyona ingozi ngaso sonke, ngisho ewusizo.

Kodwa sekukudala wabenza yokungathembeki esiphethweni indlela yokusebenzisa izingqondo zethu ukuba zithande izinjongo zakhe siqu. I kwaphumela amakhemikhali sodium glutamate, noma MSG, eqinisweni, engalethi noma iyiphi inzuzo. Kodwa ingozi main kumngane wakhe - lokhu kungaba ukunambitheka ukuphana, ukuphana ngokuphelele imikhiqizo okungenampilo, futhi ama-receptor wabhekana ngendlela efanayo. Ngakho-ke, abantu kudle Ungadla ezishibhile kanye confectionery.

Siqaphe ukuze okuhle

Uma UProfesa Margot Gosney aphakanyisiwe usebenzisa izingqondo zokwelapha. Waqale isicelo Gerontology Centre, abasebenzi Uprofesa Gosney.

Ukudla kweziguli ukuqunjelwa iye ebuyekeziwe. Yiqiniso, lokhu kusebenza abathambekele ukuba bangayeki ukudla, kunokuba labo abenza izono ukudla. Lo mkhuba esikhona nokwelashwa kweziguli sokuzincisha ukudla.

Qaphela restaurateurs

Labo ukwakha ibhizinisi yokudlela, sekuyisikhathi eside baqonda ukuthi izingqondo ezinjalo. A chef omuhle uyazi ukuthi izivakashi babejabule ngokwanele nje ukuhlanganisa kwelinye dish 2-3 Ukudla okune-Elithi umami. Ethonya kusuka ekhishini yokudlela iyona engcono, kuyoba ufuna ukubuyela ngokuphindaphindiwe.

Kodwa abanye restaurateurs bayahamba enye indlela, nakuba uvumela amandla magic wongqondongqondo. MSG isinongo ingena esikhundleni ewusizo (futhi kuyabiza) izithako, sivumele "ukunambitheka esimnandi", ngaphandle kokuchitha isikhathi. Ngeshwa, kulezizinsuku lesi simanga kuvamile impela.

Kodwa-ke yize! Duzane egcwele umkhiqizo ewusizo Elithi umami ocebile. Hlanganisa nabo, ukuhlolwa, futhi okubaluleke - ukwethemba receptor yakho.