Lymphocyte Ukwandisa igazi: izizathu ukuba cacisa

Amaseli we amasosha omzimba womuntu - lymphocyte - uphakathi kwabantu abangenalo leli leukocyte ka agranulocytes mhlophe futhi ukudala izimo for kumiswa amasosha omzimba humoral kanye neselula. amasosha omzimba Humoral eba amasosha omzimba futhi iseli inikeza contact nge izisulu amaseli. lymphocyte futhi isinyathelo sibukele nezinye egazi kanye nokulawula imisebenzi yabo, uma kunesidingo.

Ama-lymphocyte futhi lymphoblasts

Ama-lymphocyte - ubusa izakhi yeselula salo lonke izivikeli mzimba emzimbeni womuntu, okuyinto ufaka igazi umnkantsha bese usebenza ngenkuthalo lymphoid. Uma anda lymphocyte egazini, izizathu lesi sidingo ukucaciseleka ngokushesha, futhi kufanele uqale zihlolisisa ezivamile laboratory. Ngo omdala igazi lymphocyte ingxenyenamba-akhawunti 20 - 35 amaphesenti inani eliphelele amangqamuzana amhlophe. Ezinye zazo (mayelana 2%) ungaphakathi kwegazi mahhala e-peripheral ukugeleza kwegazi, futhi 98% kuyinto emisipheni. Ngokusho morphological izici lymphocyte yayo zihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezimbili: luyimbudumbudu ezinkulu (NK amaseli immunoblast, lymphoblasts) nabancane (T-cell nama-B-cells). Konke lokhu amaseli bakhuthele futhi lymphoblasts zinengxenye izinqubo mzimba ingasaphathwa. Uma uhlole okuqukethwe okusezingeni eliphezulu lymphocyte egazini, okusho ukuthi ushintsho emzimbeni amabi ziye zenzeka, kwakukhona umthombo ezifihliwe ukutheleleka noma ukuvuvukala wendawo.

lymphocyte iqembu

B cell ukubona antigen isakhiwo alien engena phakathi umzimba. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kuzala amangqamuzana iprotheni iwukudambisa ejenti elimazayo. T-amaseli ukubhubhisa antigen nokugcina amasosha omzimba esigabeni asebenzayo, ekuvimbeleni ziba ngcono yayo. lymphocyte Ukwandiswa egazini, izizathu lesi sizwe kungenzeka ukuthi awazi, kuthiwa umuntu ehlolwa igazi. NK lymphocyte ukulawula izinga amaseli wonke umzimba. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ukubhubhisa amaseli, okungezona ukuhambisana, ezifana amangqamuzana omdlavuza. T lymphocyte bakha 70-80% of lonke inani B-cells e isilinganiso 15-20% nama-lymphocyte NK kakhulu encane anda, okuqukethwe kwabo akuyona ezingaphezu kuka 5-10%. Uma anda lymphocyte egazini, ingase ibe khona ehlukile izizathu, kodwa noma kunjalo kuba uphawu lokuthi umzimba akukhona konke kulungile.

pathogenesis

Ama-lymphocyte kanye izingxenye yamangqamuzana zabo ukusiza lelisu pathogenesis ka ukuntula mzimba, izifo ezithathelwanayo, umdlavuza, futhi izifo umzimba uxabane nawo, ukufakelwa izingxabano futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, isifo sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba. Phakathi ukusebenza kungase kwandise izinga lama-lymphocyte futhi ukubukeka lymphocytosis, lokhu kwenzeka ngesikhathi impendulo enele umsebenzi antigenic. Uma kwenzeka kuba khona inani elikhulu lama-lymphocyte, kusho ukuqala ukulwa amaseli nge antigen. Kodwa kungaba futhi ukuza ezingeni ukwehla, uma impendulo engakufanelekele ukushukuma nge antigen bese kukhona lymphopenia.

morphology lymphocyte

Ngo umkhuba emtholampilo, lapho leukemoid ukuphendula lymph uhlobo, lapho kukhona iphethini izici wegazi ezingelapheki noma oyingozi. ukusabela ezinjengalezi ezithathelwanayo mononucleosis, isifo sofuba, ugcunsula kanye brucellosis. mononucleosis ezithathelwanayo - umphumela igciwane lohlobo lwe, ngokuvamile kwenzeka ezinganeni, elinesimo ezingeni lelisetulu leukocytosis ngenxa lymphocyte, okuyinto ngokuhamba lesi sifo nezimfanelo entsha ukwehluka morphological. Igazi ahlanganiswe lymphocyte atypical, nge izimpawu dysplasia nucleus futhi cytoplasm iyakhula. Kunoma yikuphi, lapho ngomshini lymphocyte zandiswe igazi, izimbangela uzohlonzwa futhi iqedwe ngangokunokwenzeka.