Nezindleko zomthetho

Ngo ekuqhutshweni civil, izindleko zomthetho kukhona isizumbulu semali ukuthi ikhokhelwa umuntu osebenzisa usizo enkantolo. Ngomqondo obanzi, umqondo icala umsebenzi sisonke nezenzo zomuntu ngamunye. izenzo ongazenza izinhlaka inkantolo noma abantu abenza imisebenzi zokwahlulela. Futhi, umqondo kuhilela ukusetshenziswa kwezimali zokwenza ibhizinisi - ukuqasha nommeli.

izimali eNkantolo ebhadelwa ukukhiqizwa isibonelo sezinto ezizayo. Inkokhelo ziyokwenziwa nguMkhandlu iqembu ukuthi ucela isinyathelo zenqubo. Uma imfuneko ukubenzela izinhlangothi ezimbili, izindleko zomthetho yabekwa ngokulinganayo.

Izinqumo kuhilela incazelo Umphikisi onesifo isinxephezeliso inqubo nokuphathwa. Futhi efakwe ekunqumeni party, ozofeza ngembuyiselo izindleko zomthetho elinye iqembu. imali isamba kunqunywa ngokuhambisana idatha enikeziwe ngesikhathi senqubo. Uma akunakwenzeka ukusungula uma usetha isinqumo, iqembu unelungelo ukuthola imali kufaneleko oda esiphezulu.

Imali yezomthetho asethwe ngokuhambisana isimiso 'retribution "zanamuhla ekuqhutshweni civil. State, ukulondeka ukuvikelwa elwela amalungelo icala phezu kwezinkonzo zazo.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi endulo eRussia (futhi emazweni aseNtshonalanga), inkantolo elalibhekwa njengelinye lamazwe izinto enenzuzo kakhulu kwamandla. Ngakho, ukuthumela abameleli bayo ukuba uqoqe imali engenayo ethile esifundeni, izikhulu nababusi nakho ukukhahlameza izimisele njengengxenye esemqoka yemali. Izimali ezitholwe esivuna isikhulu noma ithunyelwe ngokwabo.

I isinqumo senkantolo kunqunywa izinhlawulo ezahlukene. Ngakho, ayanda babungubuso, ukuxazulula izingxabano, kulapho kade kokuchitha. Kulokhu, izindleko zomthetho ukhokhelwe esivuna ummangalelwa yinkantolo futhi iqembu ngokuwina.

Kuze ukuba kusakazwe le Sudebnik lokuqala asetshenziswa ezintathu zezimali. Ngokwesibonelo, i-fee call ekuboniseni ubulungisa, "insimu" futhi okwenzayo global. Nge isingeniso Sudebnik kwatholakala oda nanye izinhlobo amacala. Ngokwesibonelo ngasinye sasinothisha imisebenzi yabo. Yokutakula kwenziwa emva inqubo. Nokho, ngesikhathi kwecala ku umbango wanika sebheyili. Phakathi nokubusa Tsar Boris wonke amacala baguquka endaweni yomcebo. Abahluleli kulokhu banikezwe ilungelo namandla okwenza iminikelo yokuzithandela.

Phakathi ulozhenija mali bethole indlela ekhethekile. Ngakho, imali yokwakha ihhovisi inzuzo futhi izinkantolo, kanye duty inkosi sika (endaweni yomcebo) kwangena.

ezine izinhlobo izimali Kuye kwatholakala pre-kabusha Russia. Lawa kwakungamadodana:

1. Izimali izicelo silethwe izinkantolo.
2. Kufana sokudluliselwa kwecala on isikhalazo emagunyeni aphakeme futhi izinhlawulo izikhalazo ongenabulungisa kumangala. Ingxenye izinhlawulo wadlulisela icala enkantolo yanquma ukuthi leli cala, ingxenye - bebheke oda (ejensi) umphakathi esiza abantulayo. amacala ephathekayo benziwa kuphela njengoba isiqinisekiso ilungelo isikhalazo (efana Ephakeme lanamuhla eseduze) futhi, esimweni ukuqashelwa kwelungelo yesikhalazo, waphindela emuva.
3. Imali ngesihloko esithi.
4. Duty ngephepha isitembu.

Ngokusho loMzimba 1857. izindleko ezi- Kunoma yikuphi ngaphesheya, okuyinto wayebhekwa njengoba okungalungile. Ngakho, ngokulahlekelwa party isitha umvuzo wonke umonakalo kanye nezindleko, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unswinyo, zazo ezazenziwe ngokufunwa kuthethelelwe. Inqubo ubudala kuhilela ukwenza ibhizinisi ephepheni plain. Kodwa ekupheleni kwecala kwenziwe nokuvulwa imisebenzi isitembu ukusetshenziswa yonke paper. Ngemva kwalokho, i-Charter kukhanselwe le nkokhelo. Kwathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukhansele inhlawulo kuhanjiswa izicelo sinqatshelwe.