Ngokusobala umsebenzi oyinhloko wabantu Ili Muromtsa. Nezigigaba eziningi Ili Muromtsa

Wonke umuntu oye wezwa kuBaba futhi iqhawe ezinjalo yeqhawe Ile Muromtse. Kodwa akubona bonke abantu uyazi mayelana Isiphelo sakhe esinzima, zobuqhawe bakhe.

Ngobani amaqhawe Russian

Igama elithi "iqhawe" kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala e yemicimbi yemihla Rus njengoba Ekuqaleni kwekhulu 7th futhi esikhundleni izwi ngaphambili owawukusebenzisela "Horobrih", okusho ukuthi "inhliziyo oki". Leli gama elisuka ulimi Turkic lasendulo, futhi livela impande "Batyr" (abanesibindi, eqinile).

Nakuba amaqhawe anesibindi Russian balwa njalo ne abayimizulane ku emngceleni osempumalanga Kievan Rus, kuba abantu babo seyaziwa ngokuthi namaqhawe.

Umahluko omkhulu phakathi Amaqhawe amasosha abavamile uthando incommensurable wezwe, ukuzinikela emsebenzini, amandla eqolo kanye ukulungela sonke isikhathi sokuba bagijimele impi igama lawobaba, ababuthaka, ukucasula abantu nodumo lwabo.

Esithombeni ngezansi ezinhle Russian umdwebi Viktor Vasnetsov wafanekisa umsubathi ezintathu edume kakhulu emlandweni Russia. Ukusuka kwesobunxele kuya kwesokudla: Dobrynya Nikitich, u-Ilya Muromets, Alyosha Popovich.

Ngubani Ilya Muromets

Kodwa iqhawe edume kakhulu futhi ohlonishwayo kakhulu eRussia lezwakala Ilya Muromets. Khumbula akusiyo ngamazwi kodwa ngezenzo abanesibindi. Ilya okuxhaphaza Muromtsa ezichazwe Fairy ifomu okwanele. Nokho, kuyafaneleka ukuthi zonke magic nje umphikisi wakhe (Nightingale le inkunzi, Idol kudoti) amele abantu abayimizulane ethize (Pechenegs, Polovtsy), okuyinto ngesikhathi ubhala empini yeqhawe zalwa Kievan Rus. Ngalezo zinsuku, lezi epics nakanjani kuyaqondakala ngoba Abantu bangaleso sikhathi "Chronicle yempi".

Incazelo Ili Muromtsa ku epics Nokho uyazinaka xaxa ubuntu bakhe, ayoliswe ezimpini eziningi kanzima futhi khuphela bagcinelwe nzima, ngokubukeka kwakhe uthi kancane.

I izinsalela umsubathi omkhulu Russian, ophinda abe usanta wangcwatshwa Kiev-Pechersk Lavra. Ngokwe ucwaningo, Elias wayemude mayelana 180 cm. Kulabo izikhathi kwaba nje umuntu omkhulu, ngaphezu kwalokho, babebakhulu ngomzimba enamandla.

Isithombe esingezansi sibonisa umdlavuza nge izinsalela St Ili Muromtsa (Pechersk).

The Hard Life of Ili Muromtsa

Ilya wazalelwa emzaneni eduze nedolobha Karacharovo Moore, ukuthi uVladimir esifundeni, yingakho ibizwa ngokuthi Muromtsem. Ubaba nomama wakhe gade babalimi elula, ensimini kanzima. Nokho, indodana yabo wazalwa abakhubazekile nabanezinkinga ngokuphelele wayengasakwazi ukunyakazisa izingalo zakhe nendawo imilenze ubengase ahlale phezu kwesitofu.

Nokho, iminyaka engu-33 umsubathi wayeneminyaka nabagulayo, uhlamvu yakhe ayizange ibe kwalesi sikhulu kakhulu, eziqinile futhi bazole. Ngokuvamile indima ebalulekile ezimpilweni heroes esemqoka ye Epos izwe odlala isimangaliso. Zonke izikhathi abalulekile kakhulu ekuphileni kuyamangalisa, ngabe kungcono ukuzalwa imilingo, ukuphulukisa, noma yokufuna amandla ukungafi. Kuyinto ayihlukile neze no-Ilya Muromets. Epic of babika ngokuphulukisa okuyisimangaliso kuqinisekisa ke, manje ake sixoxe ngakho.

By endleleni, lapho ngineminyaka engu-33 years, wayengumuntu ebethelwe futhi avuswe kwabafileyo iisus hristos.

Photo ngezansi: iqhawe Ilya Muromets ihhashi lakhe, okuthiwa Burushka-Kosmatushka, by Vasnetsov.

ukuphulukisa ngokuyisimangaliso

Ukuphulukisa Ili Muromtsa kuba fabulous ngempela. Ngesinye isikhathi, lapho abazali bakhe abasebenza emkhakheni, emzini UElija weza abadala-iziphanzi. ESoviet inkathi izincwadi kungenziwanga kahle ngithi ayengobani lawo maKristu. Nokho, amakhophi yeqhawe, okuyinto yashicilelwa phambi inguquko, uthi Calico kwaba iisus hristos nomphostoli akhe amabili.

Ngakho iziphanzi wafika emzini ka-Eliya. Zagijima ngokushesha emcela ukuba eze kubo amanzi. It Muromets uphendula ukuthi nabagulayo, izandla nezinyawo Awukwazi ukuhambisa. Phela, ngokusobala umsebenzi oyinhloko wabantu Ili Muromtsa kule minyaka engu-30 edlule - iwukuba amanga embhedeni.

Esithombeni zaveza ngu Andrei Klimenko, u-Ilya Muromets uvezwa ebuthakathakeni.

Khona-ke amadoda amadala, naphezu amazwi akhe waphinda wabuza ukuletha amanzi ngabo. Ilya ayizange eyethile inhliziyo zabantu iminyaka eminingi lokugula ubuntu bakhe kuyamangalisa ngempela, wayefisa ngobuqotho ukuletha amanzi Calico, nibeke izinyawo zenu phansi futhi ngokushesha bezwa ukuthi baphakathi umbambe!

amandla Incredible wafika Kunjengokungathi abampofu nababuthaka enempilo kwaba Ilya Muromets! Bylina uyaqhubeka sibalo liyaphuma, kuziwa amanzi emathangini, ephelele igcwalisa ingilazi kuletha nabadala. Nokho, bambuza ukuphuza amanzi ngokwakho. Amanzi ungcwele, ukuphulukisa, no-Ilya belashwa ngokuphelele. Lapho uphuza amanzi efanayo okwesibili, azizwa amandla ngokuphelele amazing kuya fineness of Murom, ngisho kufanele uphuze isikhathi esisodwa ukuze kuncishiswe butho elikhulu.

Njengoba ephulukisa Ili Muromtsa - isenzakalo esimangalisayo ngempela, hero has ukubonga ngesipho abadala. Kalika ulithumele inkonzo Prince uVladimir, nokubikezela ukuthi kuyoba iqhawe enkulu Ilya lapho, hhayi bafe kulwiwa izinhlamvu isitha nemikhonto. Futhi esiqakathekileko Ili Muromtsa manje - lokhu feat izikhali nokuvikela ezweni. Kuthiwa amaningi amaqhawe kufanele silwe naye, kodwa lokho kuphela ukulwa Svyatogor akufanele ukuthi, njengoba Svjatogor eliqinile.

Ilya Muromets wathola imvunulo kanye ihhashi

Khona-ke u-Eliya wathi kubadala, endleleni eya Kiev, uyobe ukuhlangabezana yitshe elisindayo okudweba nombhalo othi. Muromets alalelisise. Bese uya, amabhidi yokuvalelisa abazali bakhe bajabule luqhubeke kuze ngezinyawo, "Ncandweni Kiev." Endleleni akazange nendinyana itshe elikhulu lapho esibhaliwe:

"Ile, Ile, itshe Sopra nge indawo esinqunyiwe,
Kukhona knight nobuqhawe wena,
Nge zonke udibi kodwa herculean.
Kukhona elingenamikhono Sable,
Kukhona isiswebhu usilika,
Kukhona Mace neDamaseku? "

Nge Silushka ayesanda kuluthola ihamba ke endaweni yalo, futhi imishini kuthola isikhubekiso bese ihhashi siphela nalokho. Ilya wamcela ukuba bakhonze njengamaphayona nomsubathi, "ukholo ekulungeni." Ngenxa yalokho, ihhashi inikeza Ilya uhlobo ukuhlolwa, kodwa kanye Muromets saddling ihhashi, isidingo ekuhlolweni elahlekile, ihhashi Iyiqaphela ngokugcwele iqhawe Russian master zakhe zaphakade.

Nokho, kukhona enye inguqulo. Uthi Abadala bamnikeza iseluleko sendlela sikhule inkunzi yakhe, okuyinto ilungele athlete. Ngenxa yale njongo-ke kwakudingekile ukuya emakethe, hhayi ngokukhetha ukuthenga itholakale kuqala, ukuze amnakekele izinyanga ezintathu, abese nobusuku obuthathu ukuhamba ngamazolo fresh.

Ilya Muromets iwine Nightingale le inkunzi

Ngemva Ilya zokugcina avakashele isonto esingase emzini wakhe edolobheni Murom, uyaqhubeka uhambo eya kakhulu Kyïv. Endleleni, wenza feat wakhe wokuqala: kusindisa ethumba Chernigov kusukela ayimizulane. Abantu bakulelo dolobha uyinikele ukuthi ube Umkhuzi, kodwa yena enqaba, ngoba kudingeka uthole Kiev. Uyabuza izikhombisi-ndlela kusukela bendawo.

Abantu bakulelo dolobha umtshele indaba ezimbi endleleni iminyaka eminingi, akakho ophuma ukuthi uhlala eduze currant emfuleni eluhlaza-oak Nightingale le inkunzi. Ohambisana nokumemeza, kuzwakala ukuze umuntu umane ukubulala othola endleleni yakhe. Kodwa iqhawe Ilya Muromets futhi Nightingale akesabi ukuba kuthunyelwe ukuthi umfula efanayo.

Saw Nightingale le inkunzi iqhawe anesibindi, amemeza athi: "? Yini the ngenalwazi sihamba lapha oki yami evikelwe" Futhi ikhwelo, ebhongile njengesilwane. Kakade Ilya ihhashi ngakhubeka esizeni vortex owadala Nightingale.

Kodwa Ilya wema, wathatha umnsalo wakhe umkhankaso umcibisholo namaqhawe-eshisayo nesitha ezingenamsebenzi, ethi:

"Wena prosvistni umcibisholo yami lukhuni,
Hit nawe Nightingale-isigebengu! "

Futhi uthola ngempela! Nightingale Rolls ne-oki, no-Ilya ohlwitha kuye, kuboshelwe sehhashi yakhe futhi kuthatha villain eyisithunjwa ekhatsi Kiev, Prince uVladimir.

Kodwa uVladimir wayengakholelwa ukuthi ekugcineni umuntu ubulele Nightingale le inkunzi, nalapho villain kwalimala kuholela Ilia isikhulu, naye ofuna ikhwelo amandla nengxenye. A Nightingale njengoba ikhwela! Kusukela nokuklewula yakhe ngokushesha yafa eziningi abantu. UElija anquma ukuthatha kuye ebhokisini futhi ikhanda we Nightingale, ukuthi wayengafuni kuzoletha izinkathazo ezengeziwe.

Phela, lo incazelo Ili Muromtsa, izenzo zakhe ngesikhathi sempi, kanye inkambo impi ingakamiswa ucaciswa, njengoba kukhona ezahlukeneyo ezingaphezu kuka-100 incazelo ngalokho okwakwenzeka.

Ngezansi singabona umfanekiso Chistyakov kule amaqhawe:

Ilya wahlangana Svyatogora

Kuyini ezithakazelisayo, zonke nezigigaba Ili Muromtsa nemicimbi ekuphileni kwakhe awukwazi ukuhlela ngendlela ezalandelana ngayo. Bylina kanjani Muromets Svyatogora wahlangana, uqala kanje: "Akukhona kude kude abahlanzekile Polly,
Tut kurevka yebo kokwenza amaphutha. "Ngiphakathi usuku noma indawo ngokunembile ukunquma thina asikwazi.

Uma Ilya waya iNtaba Engcwele, nje elihle embusweni Svyatogor. Futhi ebona isithombe okumangalisayo; lo muntu oyiqhawe, onamandla uyalala ekuhambeni, ohlezi ehhashini, futhi kungcono kakhulu Svjatogor! Ungalahlekelwa ithuba lokubhekana igalelo elibulalayo futhi anqobe iqhawe lethu Ilya Muromets. Bylina, kubika Nokho ukuthi Svjatogor siyolala ehhashini. Ilya uthukuthele, hit okwesibili, bese eyesithathu. Futhi kuphela ke iqhawe elinamandla waphaphama. Wadonsa enye Murom esandleni sakhe, wayifaka ephaketheni wakhe, eqala ukuze badonse emahlathini izinsuku ezimbili.

lapha kuphela ihhashi Svyatogora umtshela ukuthi esindayo kakhulu ngendlela Knights ezimbili, engakhubeka ihhashi. ligorha enquma ukuya emakhaya besindwa yakhe. Kukhona namaqhawe ezimbili zizodingida isiprofetho ekuphileni. izinga Good Ili Muromtsa futhi Svyatogor ukwethembeka ezinokwethenjelwa. Amabili namaqhawe unqume nobudlelwane. Banikana iziphambano zazo futhi manje nabafowethu esiphambanweni.

Ngezansi umfanekiso Kotuhinoy Ilya Muromets kwesokunxele Svjatogor kwesokudla.

Izinsuku beya entabeni oNgcwele, kodwa uma bebona simangalele: kwesokudla phakathi emkhakheni kukhona lomngcwabo omkhulu omhlophe. Umangele Knights, elingafunwa wenze lesi lomngcwabo emangalisayo. Khona-ke u-Ilya Muromets enquma ukuya kuye futhi ubone ukuthi ngeke asondele lomngcwabo. He is ngaye kakhulu. Khona-ke olala kuleyo lomngcwabo Svyatogor. ikhava ivaliwe.

Ngemva kwemizuzu embalwa bethandazile iqhawe elinamandla ucela impi womfowabo ukuvula lid, kodwa ngeke kube. Ilya losusa inkemba yakhe iqala ukuzama usike esivalweni lomngcwabo, kodwa kwanhlanga zimuka nomoya. Khona-ke Svjatogor uyaqaphela ukuthi kwaba yithuba lakhe ukuba afe.

Lapho Svjatogor efa, iya Ile Muromtsu ngamandla alo, okwenza kube okunempilo nakakhulu futhi enamandla.

Ilya Muromets wahlulwa Idol ebolile

Uma tindlelanchubo Kiev omkhulu Tatar ibutho eholwa Idol kudoti! Idol kwakuyikho impela Prince Kiev, kodwa uVladimir bethukile futhi umema nesitha ukuba idili lakhe. Isitha wathatha ithuba nokwenza kuhle amandla, Ibopha Prince Kiev basekuthunjweni, bese nijabula esigodlweni kwesikhulu.

Ngokusobala umsebenzi oyinhloko wabantu Ili Muromtsa - kuyisivikelo Vladimir neRussia, ngakho baphuthuma Kiev. Endleleni uhlangana indoda isihambi ubudala izingubo zakhe yedwa. Manje hero libukeka pilgrim yangempela. Ufika esigodlweni kuba idili party oqala ingxoxo nge Idol.

Idol ucela hero okucashile, "kangakanani bephuza futhi udle namaqhawe Russian?" Yini Ilya uthi amasosha Tartar badle futhi baphuze ngaphezulu. Idol bebahleka ezikhazimulayo Russian namaqhawe. Muromets Khona begqoke esiphazamisayo ingxoxo futhi uthi AmaTatar efana izinkomo badla eziningi waqhumuka ngenxa yobugovu.

Idol odlula kuya "indoda endala" ngommese, kodwa ngalesi sikhathi Ilya phinda pilgrim izembatho, ulahlekile Idol ngesandla esisodwa kuphela epheshaneni, futhi enquma ikhanda wesitha. Khona-ke ukuphuma egcekeni, futhi abaphathe ngosizo eyodwa kuphela Kluki zonke AmaTatar futhi iyabakhulula Prince uVladimir ejele.

Ilya Muromets futhi Kalin-King

Uma Prince uVladimir wathukuthela kakhulu, futhi wabeka Ilya Muromets iminyaka emithathu emiphongolweni ejulile, wambopha ngamaketanga. Nokho, indodakazi kwesikhulu kwenza ukweqa okhiye inkohliso nezinto ayalolongwa umsubathi ukudla eqotho nezambatho ezifudumele.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, Kalin-yinkosi uyahamba nge ibutho lakhe elikhulu ukuze Kiev. Yena kusondele ekubhubhiseni edolobheni, bashise amasonto wanquma zonke izakhamuzi kanye semeyu kwesikhulu. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, isikhulu kumelwe bahlanze zonke izitaladi esuka kubantu kuyo yonke indawo ukubeka umgqomo ne Uhobhane futhi ake sobstvennolichno Tatar ebutho ukuzijabulisa emzini. Prince uVladimir ucela Kalina-yinkosi iminyaka emithathu nje ubudala, ukuhlangabezana nezidingo.

Futhi lapha kufika isikhathi. Kalin-Tsar futhi bakhe Ibutho elikhulu lase-ilungelo emnyango eKiev! UVladimir usizi olukhulu ngenxa yokuthi yena ngokwakhe wayebulele wasemuva yakhe Ilya Muromets, akukho muntu njengamanje ukumelela Kiev-isichotho! Nokho, ndodakazi yami, ukuba yonke le minyaka Ilya bephethe hlinzeka wathi ukuthi uyaphila ozithandayo iqhawe Ilya Muromets. Bylina akugcini lapho.

Ilya, liphefumulelwe ngikhululwa ejele, bembethe zempi, ihlala ehhashini, futhi omunye uya empini Tatar Ratiu endle, wacela ukumsiza namanye amaqhawe isiRashiya, kodwa wenqaba, ethi akabonanga iSikhulu Kiev lutho okuhle futhi ningesabi uyomsiza.

Futhi-ke, umuntu ukuphepha izinombolo! Ilya kuphazamisekile iningi Tatar nebutho lezempi, kodwa ngeke siyinqobe sisodwa. Khona-ke ewela ogibeni lokuthanda engalilaleli ihhashi lakhe. Ihhashi wamtshela ukuthi kukhona ezintathu ukumba ngokusebenzisa ezimbili zokuqala ihhashi gxuma, kodwa ngemva eyesithathu - cha. Ngenxa yalo ukuzethemba Eliya ishuthiwe Kalin-Tsar.

Kalin-Tsar inikeza umsubathi ukumkhonza, kodwa ikhaya uyaziqhenya futhi-Eliya enqaba. Ubulwelwe ngaphandle kwetende yenkosi, kodwa AmaTatar ozama ayibophe futhi aphinde ngamaketanga, wabe ohlwitha esinye sazo ngokuthinta kwemilenze wahosha club afana Tatar, iphula ngokusebenzisa lonke ibutho.

Eliya impempe ukuba ihhashi lakhe isebenzisa wakhe Burushka-Kosmatushka, esebiza intaba ephakeme kunazo nokushutha maqondana uyise Samsona Samoylovicha. Yena evuka kusuka ekuklwebhekeni ukukhanya, uyaqonda ukuthi lena umyalezo ovela Murom, futhi ngokushesha uyala wonkhe emachawe wabophela up amahhashi ukuya wokutakula hero Ilya.

Ndawonye, ziyahlakazeka zingene ibutho AmaTatar, thatha Kalina yinkosi isiboshwa kwamphoqa ukuba ikhokhe intela enkulu kuso isikhulu Kiev.

Ilya Muromets futhi Bogatyr-umhlaseli

Kanye iqhawe Ilya Muromets wanquma ukuthatha uhambo ku-Russia, ukuhlola umugqa. I am ugibele, ugibele, ugibele Ilya bese ngabona kude ifu ezinothuli. Jumps ukuze Ilya Muromets ukuhlola, futhi hlobo luni simangalele kwenzekani lapho! Futhi uyabona ukuthi ku-Russian inhlabathi angamazi nhlobo-iqhawe kumnandi.

Kwakukhona namaqhawe ezimbili, bayishaya ingxoxo mayelana nokuthi hlobo luni namaqhawe kukhona enempilo futhi eqinile. Waqala iqhawe ongaziwa ubuphakamisa ngokwabo, ngakho Muromtsa olimalayo yethu. Khona-ke uthukuthele iqhawe isiRashiya, wahosha inkemba yakhe, yiqhawe futhi waphuthuma umhlukumezi wakhe!

Silenus kwaba umsubathi angaphandle, izinsuku ezintathu nobusuku obuthathu alwa ngemibandela alinganayo ngaphandle ukukhathala. Kodwa ngosuku lwesithathu Ngangiyisihambi nangamukela sikhathale, bese Ilya beyibamba, ephakamisa izandla ezimbili eqinile emhlabathini, bese umane sephulwe emhlabathini!

Isithombe itholakala ngezansi, idwetshwa Shitikova.

Imemori yamaRefa enkulu

Njengathi sonke, iqhawe ofayo Ilya Muromets. wafikelwa engaba ngu-40, kuba ababuthakathaka, waya esigodlweni sezindela futhi wathandaza izinsuku kanye neze walala. Futhi wagcina ukuphila kwakhe PATH, futhi lapho ngineminyaka engu-eminyakeni engaba ngu-45 ubudala wathuthela nezinye emhlabeni, umbuso wezulu. Ngo 1643 wayethethelela abagcotshwa, futhi kusukela ngo-January 1 Russian Isonto igubha inkumbulo yakhe.

Ngokusobala umsebenzi oyinhloko wabantu Ili Muromtsa impilo yonke - feat izikhali, kodwa Ilya - heroes Russian kuphela wazalelwa emkhayeni ompofu. Sihlanganisa isithombe ongumlimi elula Russian, iqhawe enkulu nomvikeli, hero basezinganekwaneni kanye saint!