Kazan Khanate: ngokujoyina eRussia Ngokombono ongokomlando

Yayiyini Khanate Kazan? Ukujoyina kuye eRussia zaba 15 st leminyaka, ngenkathi wokubusa Ivana Groznogo. Kwaba nesikhathi kumiswa Russia, omunye izigaba amandla okubusa. Lokhu kwenziwa sibonga kokubili isu kwezomnotho kanye empi enkosi. Kodwa ukuze uthole isithombe esiphelele izenzakalo sikhathi, kudingeka ubheke hhayi kuphela ngesikhathi yalokho, kodwa futhi imbangela izenzakalo ezithile kwezepolitiki.

Joyina i-Kazan Khanate, kubahlanganyeli imicimbi kanye izisusa zabo - bonke sichaziwe ngezansi.

Ubudlelwano kanye eMoscow

Ekuqaleni, esikhathini ukumboza 14-16 ekhulwini th, kwakukhona amaqembu amabili ne ukubukwa zezombusazwe kanye imigomo aphikisanayo ku Kazan Khanate. Amalungu aleli qembu lokuqala wancika nokuhlalisana ngokuthula nge Muscovy ngoba inzuzo lobulungu ukuhweba kanye nobudlelwane kwezomnotho. Iqembu lesibili omakhelwane kubhekwe njengendlela umthombo izigqila into yokuphangwa lula. Abasekeli umugqa zezombusazwe zalo YaseCrimea Khanate, elalisendlini ubuhlobo ayesinda nge eMoscow, lanqoba. Kazan Khanate, ngokujoyina eRussia ngaleso sikhathi kwakubonakala kungenakwenzeka, ukuvikela izithakazelo bakule ndawo.

protege eMoscow sobukhosi

Umzamo wokuqala ukuba ahlale esihlalweni sobukhosi we Khanate yomuntu, Russian abaqotho, laqedwa ngo-1467 futhi akuphumelelanga. Ngenxa ukushayisana izintshisekelo zezombusazwe emazweni Elingenhla iVolga esifundeni, ezimbili uthi abahlala ukungezwani njalo. Ilokhu ukuthumela amasosha kanye zizama ukuthonya izenzakalo Kazan Khanate, eMoscow uye wafuna ngazo zonke izindlela ukuba ahlale esihlalweni sobukhosi sika-kumuntu ofanele.

Le mpi, eyathatha iminyaka eminingi, ngenxa yokuthi Kazan e 1487 namanje sathathwa isiRashiya, futhi isihlalo sobukhosi lamiswao Mohammed Emin, zithembekile enkosini. Phakathi nokubusa kwakhe, manje bese nokuvukela, evuthayo futhi ihlelwe izikhulu ebesifuna bayeke Khan. Ukubona lesi simo, u-Ivan Iii wenza ukuqashelwa futhi akazange aphikisane kokugumbuqelwa Amin. Kunalokho, waba khan, u-Abdul-Latif, umfowabo Emin.

Impi ye-1521

Lapho iziphathimandla zaziba Giray lwamakhosi, impi phakathi umbuso eMoscow Kazan Khanate baqhubeka. Phakathi nempi ngo-1521, lapho amabutho Sahib Giray Mehmed Giray futhi njengeqembu ngokumelene eMoscow, isiboshwa ngesikhathi ipakwe abantu mayelana eziyisikhombisa likhulu lamawaka, ngokuvumelana ubufakazi zemihla kuphela. Mhlawumbe, ukuthi inani labo langempela lalilikhulu kakhulu kunalokho. Phakathi nempi, wahlupheka Murom, uVladimir nakwamanye amazwe. Nakuba inkathi nomkhankaso wempi, kaningi kakhulu yezwe yokuqala idedelwa eMoscow. Ngakho, lokhu kuhilizisana lempi 12 Kazan Khanate impi yaqala izikhathi 4 kuphela. Kwezinye izimo, uphoqeleka ukuba nenqubomgomo yokuziphatha ukuzivikela kanye kwathatha okuhlaselayo. Parallel kule, le Khanate baziphathe ngobudlova, ethelekela njalo futhi buthaka isimo. Ngokwemvelo, Umphikisi esiyingozi kanjalo akufanele ube ukuba sihlale siseduze imingcele umbuso. Kazan Khanate ukuba ukubusa waseRussia ukuba elaliyoba insindiso, ukuba ngiphikelele kuphangwa. It uthuthuva impi entsha omkhulu ezokwenza ukuxazulula konke.

Kazan Khanate: ukubusa eRussia akakude

Ukubona ukwehluleka imikhankaso ezimbili, ukulungiselela olunzulu impi entsha wethulwa ngemiyalo yezikhulu inkosi. Ngakho, uchungechunge yezinguquko okwakufanele kute kuciniswe kokubili amandla ukuzivikela futhi zihlasela yempi. isinqumo Good Tactical kwaba ukwakha inqaba Sviyazhsk. Laliqhele eduze kwemingcele Khanate, okwenza bakwazi ukugcina khona isikaniso samabutho ezisele lapho nokudla. amabutho ohlanganisiwe bebehlome hhayi kuphela yensimbi, kodwa futhi ukholo. In parallel ukubaluleka zombusazwe impi futhi egqoka kokuhileleka enkolweni, ngokuba umkhankaso Analogue kukhululwa kwebantfu amaKristu okuzisholo namaSulumane. Army ukuze Kazan ukubeka phambili ehlobo lika-1552. Wayala bomkhankaso yena Ivan Grozny. Ngalezo zinsuku kwaba ungenakunqotshwa, inqaba kahle enezivikelo eziqinile. Kuzo zombili izinhlangothi ke evikelwe imifula nge flow okusheshayo, kanti eyesithathu - emseleni ezijulile. amabutho YeNkosi wahlangana ukumelana, kodwa aphakeme izinombolo isitha kanye nemishini.

Basebenzisa lokuvimbezela izikhali neziqhumane, okwenza bakwazi ukubhubhisa komthombo wamanzi ezakhamuzini. Ngenxa yalokho, kwaqubuka, futhi sortie attenuated Tatar baba ayizwakali.

ukuthunjwa Kazan

Uma ucabangela ekuhlaleni Kazan Khanate, ngonyaka 1552 angabhekwa ebulalayo. Ukubona ukuthi izakhamuzi zibulawa lo mqedazwe, le nkosi yacela ukuba bayeke, kodwa ngokuhamba izingxoxo sinqatshelwe. Khona-ke ibutho liqala sokulungiselela ekuvinjezelweni. Buthaka Kazan abavikeli abakwazi ukumelana cishe inikela idolobha. Echaza wadla kamuva Kazan Khanate, kubahlanganyeli umcimbi batshelwa ukuthi umuzi cishe ukusika.

Ukubaluleka komlando

Kazan Khanate, ngokujoyina eRussia lapho kusho ukuqedwa Imininingwane, kuvuleke indlela yokuba umsebenzi owawuqhubeka wanda uye eMpumalanga kanye nekusungulwa ubudlelwane kwezomnotho kanye amazwe eCaucasus. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwaba khona usongo ukuhlaselwa futhi zamabhomu YaseCrimea Khanate kanye uMbuso WaseTurkey, eyayimi ngemva kwakhe.