NIS - a ... NIS Amazwe

Yiliphi izwe kungokwalabo NIS: Canada, Sweden, Thailand noma Kazakhstan? Ukuze siphendule lo mbuzo, kudingeka siqonde izici zentuthuko yomnotho kuleli qembu lamazwe. Kodwa kule sikusize izindaba zethu sihloko.

NIS - ke ...

Kuyini NIS? Futhi indlela wokufunda le isifinyezo?

NIS - okubizwa ngokuthi entsha emazweni ezimbonini. Esikhathini sokuqala (ngesiNgisi), kuzwakala sengathi: esanda athuthukile izwe, noma esifushanisiwe njengoba NIC. By the way, ngokuvamile kakhulu ngesiRashiya zingatholakala ngesimo ukuncipha NEC.

NIS - iqembu ezifundazweni izici ezahlukene ezivamile nokuthuthukisa ezenhlalakahle kanye nomnotho. Isici Main kubahlanganisa - iyona okusheshayo ukukhula komnotho okuye kwenzeka (noma kwenzekani) e nesikhathi esibekelwe esifushane.

Ukuze NIS zihlanganisa amanye amazwe ukuthi zitholakala emazweni ahlukahlukene Zomhlaba. Miphi? Lokhu Kuzoxoxwa.

Izici eziyinhloko emazweni NIS

Phakathi izimpawu ezisemqoka amaqembu NIS lamazwe ungabahlukanisa:

• ukukhula komnotho omkhulu futhi ngokushesha;
• izinguquko ashukumisayo e Macroeconomics;
• izinguquko ezihlelekile emnothweni;
• ukukhula professional zomsebenzi;
• ukusebenza ukuhwebelana kwamazwe omhlaba;
• Luhambo ebanzi dolobha angaphandle kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali;
• okusezingeni eliphezulu isisindo ethile imboni lehlanganisa tinhlelo e-GDP (20%).

Abacwaningi kanye zezomnotho zibandakanya State kuya NIS iqembu nemingcele eziningana eziyisisekelo (indices). Ziyakwazi:

• usayizi we-GDP (lengenako);
• amazinga ukukhula (isilinganiso);
• isabelo yokukhiqiza GDP;
• Imininingwane nokuthengiswa kwempahla;
• ivolumu utshalomali ngqo lwamazwe angaphandle.

NIS amazwe (uhlu)

NIS ithi iqembu ahlukene emazweni asathuthuka. Le nqubo waqala azungeze phakathi 1960. Namuhla ukuze NIS zihlanganisa amazwe ase-Asia, yiMelika kanye ne-Afrika. Ukwakheka leli qembu amazwe zingahlukaniswa izigaba ezine (noma amagagasi).

Ngakho, wonke amazwe NIS (uhlu):

• igagasi lokuqala: okubizwa ngokuthi "amahlosi-East Asian" (Taiwan, Singapore, Hong Kong neNingizimu Korea) kanye amazwe amathathu American - Brazil, e-Argentina nase-Mexico;
• wave yesibili: iMalaysia, iNdiya, Thailand;
• wave lesithathu lihlanganisa Cyprus, Indonesia, Turkey, futhi Tunisia;
• wave wesine: China nasePhilippines.

Ezansi ibalazwe elibonisa indawo kuwo wonke amazwe emhlabeni.

Ngakho, iqembu NIS namuhla zihlanganisa 16 ahlukene. Ekupheleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, zokuma kwendawo nezazi zezomnotho kugcwale umlomo ukuthi i-Earth kwakhiwa, izifunda lonke nge ukukhula komnotho ozinzile futhi okusheshayo.

NIS: umlando kanye amaphethini ukuthuthukiswa

Ngenxa yalokho, ithonya ezinye izici emazweni athuthukile kwezomnotho kuleli eminyakeni engu-60 ngekhulu leminyaka lamashumi amabili (njenge-US, iJapan kanye eJalimane) ukukhiqizwa kwezimpahla ezithile saphela inzuzo. Sikhuluma izindwangu, electronics kanye nemikhiqizo zamakhemikhali. Ekugcineni bathuthela ukukhiqizwa amazwe asathuthuka, okungase 'siziqhayise "zomsebenzi ezishibhile namanani ezweni eliphansi.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, abaningi corporations sezizwe ezihlukahlukene waqala ukubeka izindawo zabo ukukhiqizwa lapha. Futhi labo lithi kuqala wakwazi ukwakha sezulu evumayo for ukutshalwa kwezimali angaphandle kanye bakwazi ukuphumelela kwezomnotho. Kwaba-lokuqala uqimba emakoloni ifomu wezwe: South Korea, Singapore, Taiwan, nabanye.

Kunengqondo ukuthi ukudlula kwesikhathi, amazwe amasha athuthukile of isizukulwane sokuqala aqala ukuphelelwa zako sobala uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amazwe asathuthuka. Baqala ukuhambisa ingxenye ukukhiqizwa yabo (ikakhulukazi okhandlayo) kuleli zwe esilandelayo. Ziyakwazi: Thailand, Indonesia, iMalaysia. Kwathi kakade in the 80s. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile futhi kulezi izinqubo abadonsekela Philippines, eVietnam, Sri Lanka nabanye.

Ngakho, "kwezimboni isivinini" siyenzeka emlandweni ukwakheka NIS. Ukuthuthukisa technology, ngamunye emazweni NIS ekugcineni wakhala isinyathelo phansi ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni States isizukulwane esilandelayo.

NIS: imodeli ukuthuthukiswa komnotho

Phakathi amazwe asanda anezimboni kukhona onobuhle eziningana eziyisisekelo intuthuko yomnotho. Ziyakwazi:

• imodeli Asian;
• Latin imodeli American.

Eyokuqala libhekene nengxenye encane kobunikazi umbuso emnothweni. Nokho, ithonya nezikhungo zomphakathi emnothweni lala mazwe namanje okusezingeni eliphezulu. Esikhathini e-Asian emakoloni wemboni kukhona "ihlelo ukwethembeka" ukuze izinkampani "yabo". I nomnotho wamazwe lala mazwe ukuthuthukisa, njengoba ngokuyinhloko igxila emakethe zangaphandle.

Imodeli yesibili, eLatin America, kuyinto isici amazwe aseNingizimu Melika kanye eMexico. Lapha, ngokuphambene ngokucacile kukhona ukuthambekela sokuthuthukiswa nomnotho wamazwe okugxile yokungenisa esikhundleni.

"Tigers-East Asian" - ngowokuqala phakathi NIS

Zibizwa ngokuthi ehlukile: "Indoda YaseMpumalanga Asia Tigers", "Dragons encane Asian", "amane amahlosi Asian". Konke lokhu - igama lolungakahleleki leqembu lamazwe efanayo. Sikhuluma-South Korea, Singapore, Taiwan kanye Hong Kong. Bonke yabonisa ngemazinga lasetulu kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni komnotho yesithathu yokugcina yekhulu lamashumi amabili.

Maphakathi nawo-1950, iNingizimu Korea ngokwephula zonke zinkomba phakathi kwamazwe emuva kakhulu emhlabeni. Phakathi nenkathi emfushane engu-30 wakwazi ukwenza eqa omkhulu kusukela nobubha eziphambili kakhulu. GDP capita sabantu ngalesi sikhathi ngayinye lenyuka izikhathi 385! Modern South Korea - liyisikhungo ebaluleke kakhulu shipbuilding kanye nezimboni ze-automotive e-Asia.

Nokho, amazinga aphakeme sokukhula komnotho we ezine ekupheleni kwekhulu leminyaka elidlule ayevelele ngu-Singapore (mayelana 14% ngonyaka). Leli zwe amancane ingenye uwoyela izikhungo esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenkuthalo ekuthuthukiseni eSingapore izimboni olwazini. Izimo zethu zihluke kakhulu izivakashi ezimbalwa lapha angaphandle (angaphezu kuka-8 million ngonyaka).

Okunye NIS amazwe - Hong Kong, naseTaiwan - ngezinga elikhulu noma elincane incike uhulumeni waseChina. Ezibalulekile Ezingafundwa umnotho wawo womabili la mazwe kuyinto ezokuvakasha. Taiwan - liphinde esiyinhloko ubuchwepheshe bakamuva nje kanye amandla enuzi e-Asia. Futhi izwe ophethe endaweni yokuqala emhlabeni ukwenziwa yezikebhe sogu lolwandle!

Ekuphetheni

Ngemva kokufunda lesi sihloko, uyokwazi ukuphendula ngokunembile umbuzo: "? Yiliphi izwe kungokwalabo NIS" Kuleli qembu manje okungenani 16 uthi, okuyinto zitholakala e-Asia, yiMelika kanye ne-Afrika.

NIS - iqembu emazweni benezingane eziningi izici ezivelele. Lokhu, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ngesivinini sokukhula komnotho, iphesenti eliphezulu yokukhiqiza e isakhiwo GDP, bahlanganyele division ngamazwe zomsebenzi, kanye Luhambo ebanzi ukutshalwa angangeni ekuthuthukisweni komnotho welizwe yayo.