Njengo-Aztec wahlala? Zithengiswe, kuyimisebenzi eyinhloko Aztec

Ezemidlalo-Aztec - impucuko, ezashiya eziningi izimfihlakalo izimfihlo, babe ezihlukahlukene kakhulu. amaningi kwesokunxele ubufakazi bokuba khona isizwe, behlele kithi ngokusebenzisa ubucwebe kanye isikhali izinto, zobumba kanye ukwelukwa. Wathini-Aztec, okwakukhona kubo ebaluleke kakhulu? Ake sizame ukuthola izimpendulo kulesi sihloko.

Aztec: ingemuva umlandvo lomfishane

Phakathi kakhulu yamandulo zaleli zwekazi American, kukhona ezintathu: Inca, Mayas and Aztec. Baningi ulwazi ngalokho amaMaya amaseshini, ama-Aztec futhi Inca kwakungamadodana ethandwa kakhulu, ngeshwa elahlekile. Nokho kukhona okutholakele eminingi eyatholakala ukuthi ukusiza ukuxazulula ezinye izimfihlakalo abakhileyo kuyo yonke iplanethi ewuMhlaba lasendulo.

Aztec - yigama abantu eziningana owayehlala esigodini eMexico ngaphansi kwegama kuze kube ngomzuzu lapho abaseSpain ngo-1521, ayizange yanqoba eMexico. Izizwe abahlala esigodini, wakhuluma isiNahuatl. ezindaweni zabo zahlukaniswa isimo, bakha umuzi, okuyinto lalibuswa amakhosi wasebukhosini.

Aztec: ukuphila kwabo nezinto abazenzayo

Fingqa isihloko kunzima. Lokhu impucuko ushiye lokungcolisa esikhulu kakhulu emlandweni. Ngenxa okutholwe ngemivubukulo, ososayensi ucwaningo kanye nezazi-mlando, thina manje bakwazi ukufinyelela eziphethweni mayelana nendlela laba bantu baphila, ukuthola ukuthi yini eyayibaluleke kubo futhi yini Aztec kwakungamadodana izifundo ezibaluleke kakhulu.

Impucuko kwadingeka abantu abangaba yizinkulungwane ezingu-60, futhi lesi sizwe, ngaphandle isizotha zamanga, bangaziqhayisa ngokwabo. Aztec kwathatha amakhulu eminyaka 2 kuphela, kusukela abavamile ukuba abe isizwe ayohlala amaqhawe ezisabekayo ababebusa indawo khona isiGodi eMexico.

Ngakho izazi-mlando baye baphetha ngokuthi umsebenzi obaluleke kunayo yonke abantu kwaba izikebhe lempi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwaziwa ukuthi laba bantu abangu ababefunde bagogoda. Ukuze ukufunda futhi abenza imithi, ukufunda izinkanyezi, umculo, umlando nemithetho inkolo. Ezingeni eliphezulu babe ukuthuthukiswa ubuciko ezolimo kanye yezandla ahlukahlukene. Cabanga bonke laba namakilasi Aztec ukuze.

izikebhe lempi

Laba bantu obathandayo ukulwa. izikebhe Military yasungulwa kahle, akumangalisi ukuthi ama-Aztec babaziwa ngokuthi abanqobi bamazwe entsha. Phakathi ubufakazi bokuba khona kwalesi impucuko izizwe endaweni abahlala siye sanwetshwa kakhulu nge izimpi njalo futhi ukunqoba edlulela emasimini amasha.

Ebanjwe emazweni amasha, ngokomthetho ka-Aztec, Kwasakazwa phakathi kwamasosha, eyaduma enkundleni yempi kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokho, izizwe eziyishumi yanqoba waphenduka ngokuzenzakalelayo babe izigqila. Kwakuwusuku yokuthi phakathi Aztec kwadingeka abanikazi amaningi acebile awazange isigqila, ogama ukuhaha ngikuphoqe ukuba anqobe amazwe amasha.

umnotho

Ezemidlalo ukukhathazeka-Aztec sphere ezahlukahlukene empilweni. Ngesisekelo umnotho wezolimo.

Abavubukuli baye bathola amathuluzi lasendulo abalimi: induku nge semikhawulweni iloliwe, futhi wandisa. Eyesibili inketho - sibonelo of namafosholo yesimanje.

Kuyaziwa ukuthi laba bantu bazi ukuthi ukuze nginisele futhi zalisa umhlabathi. Phakathi izitshalo ehlukahlukene ntandokazi ummbila, i-squash, ubhontshisi, upelepele kanye courgettes. Ama-Aztec wehlela emlandweni njengesizwe, owawungumnyaka lokuqala ukuhlakulela cocoa notamatisi. Basuke ukhulile, nogwayi.

Futhi, amakilasi eziyisisekelo Aztec kuhlanganisiwe Kunezinhlobo eziningi ukotini kulinywe.

kufanele kuphawulwe khona izingadi elintantayo Phakathi izici ezolimo yabo. Zonke ngenxa yokuthi umuzi Tenochtitlan uqobo kwaba esiqhingini. Inani elilinganiselwe umhlaba uye waholela izingadi ingaziki. Lezi izingadi yayakhiwa enamathiselwe yinqwaba ayisa phansi nge isihlenga ka nomhlabathi ovundile.

Ukuzingela nokudoba

Ezemidlalo-Aztec labantu kuhlanganisiwe ukuzingela nokudoba. Lokhu abantu azange abe isiko ezifuywayo. Okuwukuphela izilwane ezifuywayo babe izinja, ngezinye izikhathi badla.

inyama ukunqwabelana agcwaliswa ngesikhathi ekuzingeleni. Abazingeli uthole ukudla nge umnsalo nemicibisholo, uphonsa imicibisholo asetshenziswa kabanzi, babe vogue kanye izicupho ezikhethekile ezilwaneni.

Booty umzingeli wayesengaba: onogwaja, izinyamazane nezinyoni zasendle.

Izizwe owayehlala ogwini zamachibi, wahlanganyela ukudoba ngempumelelo.

isiko

isiko abantu kwaba ezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-esikoleni sabantu besilisa kwaba umsebenzi oyimpoqo. Babili izinhlobo ezikoleni: i-abacebile nabampofu. School yohlobo yokuqala babelungiselela esizayo abapristi, ojenene nezicukuthwane. Boys abaqhamuka emindenini abavamile ngifundile ukuba abalimi, amaqhawe kanye netingcweti temsebenti.

Isayensi, efundwako, ifilosofi astronomy - ngokusobala umsebenzi oyinhloko wabantu abakhileyo. -Aztec ohlonishwa njengomholi impucuko athuthukile.

Lesi sizwe uye wazakhela ishadi inkanyezi. ikhalenda baziwa-Aztec, ogxile indawo kanye nokunyakaza ngangezinkanyezi zezulu wakhonza ukuhlangabezana izidingo zomkhakha wezolimo.

Ngeshwa, phakathi nokunqotshwa kweKhanani okwathatha zensimu abaseSpain amasiko amaningi nemikhutshana amasampula yobuciko kwabhujiswa. Nokho abavubukuli kakhulu isakhiwo esanda kutholakala ukuthi kusinika ithuba uthole ulwazi kanjani Aztec bebeye emkhakheni bokwakha.

Omunye ezikhangayo - Nethempeli malinalco okwakubekelwa ezibaziweyo ngokuphelele edwaleni ephelele. Abavubukuli zithi abanye abazange babe laba bantu ngaphezu ngamathuluzi. Cabanga ukuthi kungakanani ukuthi kwakudinga umzamo ongakanani ngenxa kokwakhiwa kwethempeli.

Ithempeli eliyinhloko Templo Imeya kwatholakala abavubukuli nhlobo ngephutha. Kwathi eminyakeni 80 yekhulu leminyaka elidlule, ngesikhathi ukuzamazama komhlaba. Ukutholakala kwaleli qiniso kwenza kwaba lula ukucabanga izibalo wonkulunkulu eyayiqoshwe ematsheni futhi izitsha zobumba nezinto zokuhloba. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ama-Aztec zazenza imihlatshelo womuntu konkulunkulu babo. + Luphatha imimese womhlatshelo ehlotshisiwe iphethini KaMose oluluhlaza kanye igobolondo izinsalela.

Nge lezi zinto ezatholakala sikwazi ukuthola ngokuthe ngqo ukuthi ama-Aztec wahlala, amakilasi zihlukaniswa amasiko abo ahlukahlukene futhi athuthukile.

Ukuphela indaba

Lokhu impucuko kuze kube sekupheleni lahlala hhayi ixazululwe. Zonke ngenxa yokuthi emagugu emasiko Aztec ngakwazi ukubona kancane abhidlizwa ngesikhathi sokunqotshwa. Ukufinyelela eziphakeme kwamasiko, abantu Aztec wahluleka basinde futhi alondoloze umlando kakhulu impumelelo yayo. On Emanxiweni aleli dolobha-Aztec wakhula idolobha elisha - Mexico City, okuyinto wehla emlandweni njengoba maphakathi ezibonakalayo wamakoloni ka abanqobi entsha eYurophu.