Okokuqala State Duma of the Empire, Russian

Ukusungulwa kwe Duma State kwaba nesilinganiso esifanele. Kuyinto kumiswa sehlangano omele ngokuhambisana Manifesto futhi weMithethonqubo okhethweni. Yashicilelwa mithetho ngo-1906, ngo-August 6.

Okokuqala State Duma - phetho ngqo Yenguquko 1905-1907. Zacindezelwa ingxenye ovulekile we uhulumeni (ikakhulu kumuntu Witte (uNdunankulu)) uNicholas II, azimisele ukungahlanganyeli senze isimo sishube, wakwenza kwacaca nezikhonzi zayo, wayekulungele acabangele izidingo zomphakathi ekusungulweni umzimba ummeleli. Izinhloso zabo uMbusi ngqo uboniswe Manifesto 1906. A isikhundla Manifesto of 1905 ezinwetshiwe amandla emzimbeni omele esizayo. Ikakhulukazi, ngokuvumelana Into yesithathu, ama-Empire State Duma of zakonosoveschatelnogo siguqulwe kusukela zomthetho. Ngakho, ke manje uthathwa njengoba indlu ephansi ephalamende, kusukela lapho izikweletu lidlule endlini engenhla - uMkhandlu Wombuso.

Kanye Manifesto le-17 Okthoba 1905, eyayinekheli nesithembiso i autocrat kuhilele "kungenzeka" ukuthi imithetho nenqubo tigaba, zibancishe ilungelo lokuvota esikhathini esidlule, ke sivunyiwe omunye isimemezelo ku 19 Okthoba. Ngokuhambisana amalungiselelo aso, uMkhandlu woNgqongqoshe babe unomphela ophakeme kahulumeni. Yasungulelwa ukunikeza inhlanganisela yezenzo tinkhombandlela abaphathi oyinhloko yomnyango isimo ukuphathwa ephakeme futhi inqubo zomthetho. Ngakho, kwatholakala ukuthi i-State Duma of the Empire, isiRashiya, zingaqalwa njengengcenye izikweletu, kuphela ingxoxo sokugcina Council of Ministers.

ukuzimela Isihlobo zanikezwa Minister of Foreign Affairs, egcekeni, zasolwandle nezikhonzi lempi. Nokho, ukubika umsebenzi wabo, bona babe ngokuqinisekile inkosi.

Kabili noma kathathu ngesonto Kusolwa ukubiza we Council of Ministers. uSihlalo walo kwaze kwaba April 1906 kwaba Witte, ngemva kwaba kuze Julayi Goremykin. Ngemva kwalokho, iposi uSihlalo wathatha Stolypin.

Okokuqala State Duma of the Empire, isiRashiya, ivulwa Apreli 27 th 9 th Julayi 1906. Ukuvulwa senzeka Igumbi Throne of the St Petersburg Winter Palace. Ngemva kwalokho, uMbuso Duma of the Empire, Russian elalihlanganyela Tauride Palace.

Inqubo yokhetho esabekwa Ukhetho Umthetho, esenziwa ngo-1905, ngo-December. Ngesisekelo amalungiselelo yomthetho usungula Curia ezine: abasebenzi, abalimi, zasemadolobheni kanye landowning.

Ukuze curia abasebenzi 'labo izakhamuzi zingeniswe abebeqashwe amabhizinisi, lapho inani lezisebenzi kwaba okungenani amahlanu. Ngokuhambisana kwaleli lungiselelo, lapho ilungelo lokuvota abalahlekelwe amadoda abangaba yizigidi ezimbili. Ingabe asinalo ilungelo lokuvota, abesifazane, ukuya empini intsha ngaphansi engamashumi amabili nanhlanu, abanye ezincane kazwelonke. Ukhetho babengabahwebi multistage.

Ngokwesilinganiso, inani lamaphini kuqokwa ku Duma kuhluka izinkathi ezahlukene kusukela angamakhulu amane ayisishiyagalombili nanhlanu namashumi amabili nanhlanu abantu.

Ngo-1906, April 23, uNicholas II sivunyiwe Isifingqo umthetho main. Yenza izinguquko ke le Duma ayengakwenza kuphela isinyathelo we autocrat. Ngesisekelo Ikhodi yonke esezamukelwe, eziye kugunyazwe inkosi, namandla esiphezulu ngendlela efanayo njengasekuqaleni, kwaba bazithobe ephelele.

Naphezu izinguquko zokuphatha, uMbusi yena esimisiwe izikhonzi, kwathiwa subordinated ukuba amabutho ahlomile, yena olulodwa-handedly ephethwe inqubomgomo angaphandle of the state, owenza ukuthula, owethulwa isimo esiphuthumayo, impi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Ikhodi ibhalisiwe isigaba okuvumela nkosi ku ngezikhawu phakathi Emakilasini Duma ukukhipha entsha izenzo, imithetho noma izimiso mathupha kuphela ngokwami.