Portugal Population: labantu, ikakhulukazi

Izwe, ngolimi okhuluma abantu abangaphezu kuka-230 million emhlabeni wonke, iyona olandelanayo kakhulu eYurophu ngokuya zengqondo social futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ezweni nge ngokomzwelo kakhulu folk. Konke lokhu - mayelana Portugal.

A kancane mayelana lizwe

Portugal - kwelinye lamazwe omdala Izwe Elidala, ogama imingcele zihlala zinjalo iminyaka engaphezu kuka-875. Umbuso owawuke waba namandla, amakoloni okuyinto bahlakazeka emhlabeni wonke, manje endaweni encane isimo eNhlonhlweni yase-Iberia. Nokho, Portugal ingenye amazwe amaningi emhlabeni ukuthi konke okunye 'zingaziqhayisa "kakhulu ukuphakama kokukwazi sabantu futhi omunye bempilo ephakeme kunazo zonke emhlabeni izakhamuzi zakhona.

labantu

Inani labantu base-Portugal uhlale kakhulu kakhulu sincike ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe. I-Portuguese baqala ukuthutha lokunqamula amazwekazi beyofuna ukuphila okungcono futhi ngomzamo ukuceba e Age of Discovery. Isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe esikhathini sethu ukuthuthukiswa abampofu amandla wezwe elikhiqizayo. EPortugal, liphinde ikhaya amaningi abaye beza lapha bezofuna umsebenzi abasuka Brazil, Angola kanye uthi European. Uhulumeni liyaweseka kubo: abokufika, izifundo ngolimi isiPutukezi, Bahlela umhlangano abameli nezazi zokusebenza kwengqondo, aqinisekisiwe ilungelo zonke izingane imfundo (okwenza ukwazi ukufunda nokubhala abantu abadala ifinyelela 99%).

Kusukela 1890, njalo eminyakeni 10 kwaleli zwe namanye kuye kwenziwe inani lonke labantu. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu leminyaka elidlule, inani labantu laliphakathi abantu abangaba yizigidi ezingu 5 ngu phakathi kwekhulu lamashumi amabili selukhulile abantu abayizigidi ezingu-8.5, ngo-1960 isibalo sabantu ezweni lonke eziyizigidi ezingu-8.9, kodwa lesi sibalo bawela amazinga 1950 eminyakeni eyishumi, kuya 1985 labantu Portugal liye landa 10 million. Ngokusho ukubalwa kwabantu olwenziwa ngo-2011, 10.760.000. Abantu bahlala Portugal.

Entwasahlobo ka-2011, izwe owawuse 5th Ezezindlu Census kanye yokubala abantu 15 labantu, okuyinto eyaba imisebenzi yakhula kakhulu static. Ngenxa yalokho lokubalwa kwabantu seyaziwa hhayi kuphela izakhamuzi eziningi kuleli zwe futhi bahlezi, kodwa yayihlanganisa nokuthi imfundo yabo, umsebenzi, futhi kukhona ingxenye yomkhaya. Ngokusho Censos 2011, izwe eqoshiwe imizi 4.079.577, okuyinto 1.65% ngaphezu kuka-2001. Futhi, ngokuphuza 12.4 futhi 16.3% ukwanda kwenani Izakhiwo zokuhlala nendawo zokuhlala ngokulandelana. Ezweni 70-yalolucwaningo kwekhulu elidlule, kukhona ukuthambekela ukunciphisa usayizi umndeni, okwamanje lesi sibalo abantu 2.6 kuphela.

ukwakheka kaZwelonke

Maqondana ne-labantu Portugal eyohlobo ngokuphelele kazwelonke - ke ingenye izici Portugal elimelela. Ngokwe-2011 Census, 99% abantu bakuleli batholakale isiPutukezi (inhlanganisela Roma yobuhlanga, amaVisigoth Iberians). Futhi, abaseSpain mayelana 15,000 abahlala kuleli lizwe, 10,000 baseBrazil, 5.500 Angola kanye nabanye.

Ngaphandle kwezwe lakwa Portugal (ikakhulu e-USA, France, eCanada naseBrazil) iyikhaya mayelana 2.2 million izakhamuzi zakhona.

Ubulili nobudala isakhiwo sabantu

Ubulili nobudala isakhiwo sabantu yasePortugal nhlobo sihlukile kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu, lapho, ngokomlando ukubalwa kwabantu ekhulwini leminyaka elidlule kuze kuba predominance ecacile kwamanani abesifazane. Ngasekuqaleni kwawo-80-yalolucwaningo ka XX leminyaka, indoda eyodwa ababezithathele abesifazane 1.11 okwamanje ezweni iyikhaya amadoda 5.241.519 nabesifazane 5,518,986 (isb. E. On 1 Indoda uwela abesifazane 1.05).

Ifomu ezibukwayo futhi okuningiliziwe, zingaki amaphesenti labantu lasePortugal nemingcele ahlukahlukene, ungabona ethebuleni.

Nenzalo kanye nokushona

Ngokusho idatha 2014, ePortugal okokuqala emlandweni wanamuhla yezwe izinga abafa lalingaphezu izinga lokuzalwa. Ngokwe-National Institute of Statistics, ngo-2014, izingane ayizinkulungwane 102,5 azalelwa (cishe 3000 esingaphansi ngo-2011) kuleli zwe, futhi wafa 103 500 izakhamuzi.

Lokhu kuye kwenzeka okokugcina ngo-1918, lapho labantu Portugal, kanye nezakhamizi zakwamanye amazwe aseYurophu, uye wahlupheka ovela severe umkhuhlane bhubhane. Kodwa kakade 1919 sabantu yemvelo baqhubeka pro-ukukhula. Ngeshwa, ukwehla samanje labantu kuyavumelana mkhuba jikelele, futhi cishe akunakwenzeka isimo alungiswe esikhathini esizayo esiseduze.

Isizathu esikhulu salokhu isimo ukwenqena isikhathi ukuba babe nezingane. Ngonyaka odlule, isilinganiso seminyaka yobudala abesifazane nulliparous eba neminyaka engu-30. Kulokhu, iningi imindeni anqunyelwe nengane eyodwa. Kodwa, naphezu kwezinkinga elalibhekene ekunqabeni lokuzalwa izinga, ukwanda kwabantu esiphansi yemvelo ePortugal uyaqhubeka.

labantu kwezomnotho

Ukusebenza yobudala labantu ePortugal kuyinto 5.252 million ngalo umsebenzi has abangaba yizigidi ezingu-3.6. Cishe u-33% sabantu kwezomnotho eqashwe e umkhakha, 28% - e ezamahlathi, ezokulima kanye nezokungcebeleka ngokuthi zokudoba, mayelana 38% abasebenzi ubamba ezokuthutha kanye inkonzo wemboni. Nokho, kuleli zwe uhlala ngempela izinga labangasebenzi liphezulu, okuyinto mayelana 13.5%.

Ubudala umhlalaphansi kuyinto kwabesilisa nabesifazane ngokufanayo --66.

ukubekwa sabantu

Inani labantu base-Portugal, izithombe zazo enikezwa esihlokweni isakazwa Ukuboshelwa ezweni lonke. inhlanganiso emaphakathi 1 square. km 116,8 abantu. Umphakathi we ugu ezindaweni entshonalanga - kuyinto 5-10 ephakeme izikhathi kuka eningizimu kwangaphakathi. Inani labantu base-imizi Portugal imayelana 70% kuzo zonke izakhamuzi. ukusatshalaliswa engalingani sithuthukiswe kufuduka yangaphakathi, ehambisana ne-umsebenzi ezithile zonyaka phezu catch izinhlanzi, ukuhlanza umsebenzi izivini izifunda okusanhlamvu ekhula, imisebenzi yesikhashana emizini. Kwababaleki uhlala ezindaweni ezintsha, ikakhulukazi emadolobheni.

Imizi zihlanganisa zasemizaneni labantu abangaphezu kuka 2-2.5 ayizinkulungwane. Abantu kuleli zwe. Zonke ePortugal emadolobheni 33 elinabantu abantu abangaphezu kuka-10,000, zazo emadolobheni 7 kuphela ekhaya ukuze abantu abangaphezu kuka-50,000, phakathi kwabo 2 emadolobheni kwezigidi ezingu-plus (eLisbon Porto), ebangela 2/3 of sabantu ezweni lonke.

Isici yokuphila yasedolobheni ePortugal iyinombolo cishe njalo emadolobheni amancane ku ngemuva okhulayo ngenkuthalo "imidondoshiya" ezimbili - Porto futhi Lisbon. agglomeration Inamandla ngokuyinhloko ngenxa ukumuncwa by Iphandle emaphakathi kanye nemizi satellite.

Amadolobha elinabantu abantu angaphansi kuka-10 000 ukwenza njenge zokuqondisa esifunda, nikhonze emaphandleni. emadolobheni naphakathi elinabantu kuze kube 50,000 basonta imisebenzi nezokuphatha izikhungo wesifundazwe kanye esifundeni.

Village bahluke kakhulu endleleni abadalwe izingxenye ezihlukahlukene zezwe, kuye ngokuthi izimo zemvelo nobudlelwane bokuhlalisana edolobhaneni. Ngo ezisenyakatho ikakhulu zihlakazeke amadolobhana amancane nemizana we Hamlet. Ngoba iviyo phakathi libhekene nemizana ezinkulu, naseningizimu, nangasogwini lolwandle bangamaRoma yayincane kodwa ezinabantu abaningi emzaneni.

division zenkolo

Church in Portugal ehlukanisiwe isimo. Mayelana 94% labantu yamaKatolika lesifunda esontweni lamaRoma, abanye - amaSulumane, kwamaProthestani labaVangeli. Ibandla kunethonya elikhulu phezu izakhamuzi zezwe, esenziwa okuyinto Portugal yaziwa njengenye omunye kakhulu olandelanayo emphakathini emazweni aseYurophu.

Izici sabantu Portuguese - uthando lokufunda ukufunda nokubhala okusezingeni eliphezulu, enye bempilo ephakeme kunazo zonke emhlabeni, ukufana kazwelonke okuncikileyo okusezingeni eliphezulu esontweni. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, amaPutukezi - abantu efudumele futhi benomoya wokungenisa izihambi uhola yokuphila elinganisiwe futhi kokuphumula.