Proxemics - ke ... proxemics nemibandela kwezendawo zokuxhumana

Le ndoda - isidalwa nomphakathi. Lokhu kusukela ezinsukwini ngezikhwepha yaseGrisi yasendulo, lapho lesi sijeziso esinzima kakhulu ngokudingiswa umphakathi ezaziwayo. Umuntu akakwazi ukuphila ngaphandle imvelo. Ngakho, i-zokuxhumana ngaphakathi enkampanini kuyinto indlela esisemqoka lapho abantu nihlanganyele. Lo mbono wafakwa phambili yi-isiGreki amagagu Roman nezazi zefilosofi. Nokho, ososayensi Abantu bangaleso sikhathi abazange baqonde indlela ukuze ngilandise le yangasese nomphakathi. Phela, uma kuziwa kwezokuhlalisana zisekelwe hhayi kuphela nobudlelwano zomphakathi. Noma ubani uyaqonda ubuhlobo izinhlangothi siqu futhi umphakathi uzokwazi ukuqonda imfihlakalo yemihlatshelo okuvulela amathuba amaningi. Ubuciko zokuxhumana - ukuthi umgomo Psychology yezenhlalakahle kweqiniso. Ngo inqubo ukutadisha le nkinga yabonakala amaphethini, izinhlobo, izinhlobo, izindlela zokutadisha, njll Kamuva, zonke lezi zinto emenza igatsha ekhethekile yokusebenza kwengqondo nomphakathi - .. Proxemics.

Proxemics. izici Jikelele wemboni

Esikhathini 50s ayephila impela umuntu oyisazi elidumile okwakuthiwa Edward Hall. Watadisha nokuxhumana womuntu isikhala siqu ezungezile isimo senhlalo. -Scholar ukubeka phambili imfundiso yokuthi umuntu ngamunye uhlela isikhala sakhe siqu kanye ihlela isikhala mikrosubektnoe, isakhiwo yokuhlala, ezindaweni zasemadolobheni. Ngamanye amazwi, siqu umthelela esinawo ngokuqondile nomphakathi. Ucwaningo lolu daba aye wavumela ukuba bafinyelele ezingeni elisha kuvisisa budlelwane emkhatsini webantfu. Ngakho, proxemics - igatsha Psychology kwezenhlalo, okuyinto study uhlelo yesikhashana futhi ufanekisela ukuxhumana phakathi kwabantu. Isayensi kuthatha izimiso nemithetho esikude ekuxhumaneni buthule.

Proxemics nasezimisweni zokuziphatha zokuxhumana

Yiqiniso, eyimfanelo nezimiso zokuziphatha kwabantu kuhlobene kwengqondo. Nokho, abanye ososayensi baye bathola ngqo proxemics nasezimisweni zokuziphatha zokuxhumana, okuyinto kunoma yiliphi icala akufanele ukwenza. Lezi wesayensi ezimbili inokuthile efana, kodwa ngokuvamile bahluke. izimiso zokuxhumana kusenza siqonde ohlangothini kwamasiko okuxhumana, esihlinzeka nolwazi olujulile phakathi interlocutors. inkinga proxemics Kuthi ezahlukene. It is waziphatha Ukulifunda ngijule inqubo ekuxhumaneni buthule, ukuthatha njengesisekelo le remoteness interlocutors komunye nomunye. Nale ulwazi ekuthuthukiseni mbono zokuziphatha futhi proksemicheskih, abantu baye baklama kuyikhono yokuxhumana.

Indima isikhala siqu kanye intersubjective ekuxhumaneni

Isisekelo zonke kwengqondo yezenhlalakahle ibanga phakathi kwezihloko yokuxhumana. Sikhishwe ohlangothini zokuziphatha, okuxoxwe ngazo ngenhla okwakubekelwa, bonke abantu angaphansi uhlelo olulodwa lokuxhumana emkhatsini webantfu. Lo mbono eliyisisekelo ukuthi futhi abeke phambili Edward Hall. Usosayensi uveza ukuthi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izici yamasiko umuntu isizwe, wonke umuntu endaweni yabo siqu, yena uchaza yena. Lokho kusho ukuthi ibanga phakathi interlocutors - ke isici esibaluleke kunazo ezinomthelela inqubo yokuxhumana. Ngokombono usosayensi, izihloko ebaluleke kakhulu ibanga phakathi esiteji okuqonda, uma la mazwe ukuthi usanda kuqala baqonde nomunye. Njengoba singabona, proxemics ku ibanga e inqubo kuchumana emkhatsini webantfu.

Basic zone intersubjective

Kuze kube yimanje, indawo siqu, ukuthi izifundo proxemics ivelele Psychology nomphakathi. Lena uhlu amabanga, owawuthi abantu asungula contact ekuchumana:

1) Obuseduze - sici kuphela izihlobo noma close kakhulu abantu abangafuni ukuqalisa abanye engxoxweni yakho (0 - 0.5 m).

2) Personality - lokhu ibanga isekelwa bonke abantu ekuphileni kwansuku zonke (0.5 - 1.2M).

3) Social - zokuxhumana endaweni letihlelekile naletingakahleleki emihlanganweni wokuziphilisa (1,2 - 3,66m).

4) nomphakathi - lokhu ibanga kuyakhethwa ngesikhathi imicimbi yomphakathi.

ibanga obuseduze

Ibanga phakathi kwabantu uma sicabangela ibanga obuseduze akuyona ezingaphezu kuka-45 amasentimitha. It ikuvumela ukuba wabelane imicabango siqu kanye nemibono ngaphandle kokwesaba wezwa abanye abantu. Lapho abantu ukuxhumana ezonini obuseduze, amagama musa ikakhulukazi ezibalulekile. Indima ebaluleke kunazo zonke ululama izici ubonisa kanjani ukuthi uyangeneka: emehlweni, ukunyakaza, thinta.

Akukho ndawo yiyona obuseduze endaweni isinyathelo kungabonwa phakathi abashadayo.

Abantu awanelisekile emshadweni wabo, kuyohlale ibanga okungukuthi kakhulu mkhulu kunezinhliziyo 0.5 amamitha. Ngokuphelele isithombe esehlukile kungabonwa phakathi umbhangqwana ojabulayo.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi imikhawulo zone obuseduze kungahluka umuntu ngamunye. Ngokwesibonelo, abantu abathambekele kuya ekusebenziseni amandla isilo esinonya, ukudala bona izoni elisondelene engaba kunangendlela ukuthi abanye abantu. Lesi simo kwenzeka ngenxa ukutholakala njalo abantu okwe icindezelwe ukubukeka ingozi.

indawo siqu

Ngalesi ibanga, kwenza eziningi zokuxhumana ekuphileni kwansuku zonke. Kuyinto zone of ubudlelwano evamile phakathi kwabantu. Vala owesifazane, isibonelo, umfazi kungaphula kahle imingcele zone. Izenzo efanayo ingxenye ongamazi ayobheka uwubeke ngobumnene, okungavamile. Ukuhambisana imingcele siqu yokuxhumana kubonisa khona unhlangothi abantu. La maqembu ezinde endaweni siqu, namandla ziba enamathiselwe nomunye.

ibanga okunjalo kuyisinyathelo ekubhekeni ukufeza the best contact obuseduze. izenzo Sula futhi ukucabangela endaweni siqu uhlinzeke nokubambisana eside futhi ezosiza phakathi kwezinhlangano ukuxhumana.

ibanga Social futhi umphakathi

Naphezu ukubaluleka izindawo siqu futhi obuseduze ekutadisheni kwabo akuyona kwesisekelo study proxemics. Lokhu kungenxa amabanga isihlobo ngenhla eyodwa sidedness. Ziyakwazi kulula ukuqonda futhi kulula ngisho ukukhomba amaphethini. Okuningi ezithakazelisayo ezindaweni zomphakathi kanye nezinhlangano ezingaphansi kwahulumeni. Zisetshenziswa kubhizinisi nokuxhumana komphakathi. Kwaphela iminyaka eminingi abantu abaye bahlola lezi amabanga amabili ukuthola indlela ephumelelayo ukulawula uquqaba. Abantu banezimfanelo ukulawula omkhulu phezu ibanga komphakathi kanye nomphakathi zihlale izikhulumi ezinhle.

proxemics yesimanje

Kuze kube manje, proxemics - lokhu ingenye amagatsha ethandwa kakhulu kwengqondo nomphakathi. Ososayensi emhlabeni kwenziwe esifundweni nokuthuthukiswa mbono omusha kulo mkhakha yolwazi. Proxemics ekuxhumaneni lonke ezingeni elisha enqubeni kokutadisha ubudlelwane obufanele. Ikhono sebentisa lwati lokhu legatsha kwengqondo kuzovumela oxhumana uncono kakhulu futhi ngokushesha ukusungula nabantu. Lapho ulwazi lomuntu emkhakheni proxemics, ngokushesha ezwa ubuciko zokuxhumana.