"Theophylline": yokusetshenziswa. "Theophylline": izinkomba ngokusetshenziswa analogue

Uma umuntu ohlushwa umgudu isimiso, lokhu kungase kubonise khona ezingamahlalakhona obstructive isifo samaphaphu (COPD). Lesi sifo kuvamile impela. Ngokuvamile okuvela kuyo lesi sifo kubonakala ababhemayo. Ukuthuthukiswa lesi sifo kubangelwa ukutheleleka hit, noma yini umonakalo eminye wamaphaphu. Umuntu umgudu constriction sekunzima exhale. Ngenxa yalokho, izimpawu eziyinhloko zenzo ziwukubonakaliswa sifo dyspnea, ukukhwehlela, kanye ukukhiqizwa isikhwehlela. Kubalulekile ukwazi. Okuvame kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kohlobo oluthile COPD. Lesi senzakalo yesifuba somoya, ukucinana kwemigudu yokuphefumula okungamahlalakhona, emphysema, bronchiectasis. Ngo yokwelapha lezi kanye nezinye eziningi izifo kuzosiza umuthi ezifana "Theophylline". Yokusetshenziswa zomuthi liyombozwa kulesahluko. Eminye imininingwane mayelana nalokhu.

incazelo

"Theophylline", ogama Ukwakheka uzobe kuchazwe ngezansi, kuyinto emhlophe crystalline powder. Kuyinto kancane oncibilikayo emanzini abandayo (in the isilinganiso 1: 180), kodwa kalula ziyoncibilika amanzi ashisayo (e isilinganiso 1:85). Iphinde ancibilikisa e alkalis futhi acid.

isakhiwo

Kulesi ekwakhiweni isithako esebenzayo eyinhloko esikhathazeka ngayo theophylline. lapha futhi zihlanganisa izingxenye asizayo ezithile. Okungukuthi - monohydrate lactose, magnesium stearate, talc, methacrylic acid.

ukukhululwa Ifomu

Kukhona izinhlobo eziningana kule ndaba. "Theophylline" ekhiqizwa amaphilisi wasekela-ukukhululwa (0.1 g, 0.25 g), amaphilisi (0.125 g, 0.5 g), futhi suppositories (0.2 g).

izenzo kwemithi

Ukusebenza ekwakhiweni wathi multi-faceted. "Theophylline", ukubuyekezwa zazo akhayo, ukuphumula obonisa imisipha bronchi, has a Ugqozi vasodilator senzo. Lokhu ukulungiselela kuqinisekisa operation evamile isikhungo zokuphefumula. Ukuphungula ubuhlungu diaphragm futhi ngcono ukusebenza kwemisipha intercostal nakho kunomthelela "Theophylline". Ukusetshenziswa Its e evamile kunciphisa ematfuba ukubonakaliswa ziyabagulisa kwemigudu yokuphefumula emizimbeni uhlelo hlobo. Wathi ukulungiselela Lingaba umphumela isisu. Ukuba khona izinto ezisebenzayo nomuthi usuke ethuthukisa ukuzinza umsebenzi zokuphefumula, ukunciphisa izinga carbon dioxide futhi ukupholisa anda. "Theophylline" ngempumelelo kwandisa kwegazi yenhliziyo. futhi kuyasiza ukunciphisa ithoni izitsha ubuchopho, izinso nenhliziyo. Lapho efeza umsebenzi ukwelashwa isikhathi eside uyanda ipheshana biliary, ukuzinza microcirculation futhi erythrocyte ukumelana ukusonteka iyakhula. Ngo iziguli hypotension, kungenzeka ukwehlisa wegazi. Ukuqala kokusetshenziswa kokuthola ukulungiselela ezifana "theophylline", kanye beta-blocker, kanye nemithi elwa namagciwane okufakwa ekudleni kuholela kwengozi amathuba okuba nemiphumela engemihle.

izinkomba

Yetha wathi izidakamizwa ngesikhathi okuvela bronchial isifuba somoya, isifuba somoya isimo, ukucinana kwemigudu yokuphefumula obstructive, emphysema yamaphaphu. Futhi isetshenziswa njengento esizayo ezisanda kuzalwa nge zokuphelelwa umoya. Sebenzisa "Theophylline" ngokuyinhloko ngokuthi bronchodilator. Futhi, bona bayisebenzise njengeqhinga cardiotonic ngokulinganisela (kwandisa ngamandla Kufinyeta inhliziyo) kanye isisu (isisu) kwezidakamizwa ukubonakaliswa congestive Lokudabuka kwezinso futhi inhliziyo. Ngezinye izikhathi iqondiswa kanye nezinye ukuvuvukala futhi bronchodilators.

incazelo eningiliziwe nomkhakha we ekwakhiweni wathi

Ekuqaleni, ekwelapheni COPD kuyinto isabelo bronchodilators. Bathwala yomoya ukudalulwa. Enye yalezi izidakamizwa, njengoba sekushiwo ngenhla, ukulungiselela ezinjalo kuba ngokuthi "theophylline". Yokusetshenziswa ephawula ke njengoba izidakamizwa bronchodilator, okuyinto lucwaningo ukuvimba lokho okubizwa ngomlobokazi purine receptor. Ukuba khona esinjalo indlela umthelela kuqinisekisa ukususwa zibe imisipha abushelelezi bronchi, ukuqedwa ubuhlungu diaphragm, kusebenze i-oksijini emaphashini, ekuthuthukiseni umsebenzi imisipha intercostal. Ngenxa yalokho, yomoya ukuvula, umuntu uphefumule lula.

It has a ngcono kunezinye, "Theophylline". Yokusetshenziswa ikhomba ukuthi lokhu izidakamizwa kungaba nomthelela omuhle hhayi kuphela ipheshana zokuphefumula, kodwa futhi kwamanye zomzimba. Lesi sidakamizwa kuyasiza ukwandisa imithambo yegazi yenhliziyo kanye neuropathy kuphazamisa inqubo platelet adhesion, kuyinto omnene isinyathelo isisu. Linikeza ukushukuma izihlahla umsebenzi imisipha yenhliziyo (myocardium), ephansi blood pressure, kanye nomphumela ezuzisayo phezu isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko. Ngenxa yalokho, lo muthi uyakwazi ukwenza izinto ezihlukahlukene, kanyekanye kokuba antiasthmatic, bronchodilator, isisu, spasmolytic, vasodilatory futhi izakhiwo cardiotonic.

"Theophylline": yokusetshenziswa

Ukuze sithole ngomthamo, kukhona isimo sokunquma esiningi. "Theophylline", ngokulandela imiyalelo, udinga ukuthatha izingane engu-14 ubudala kanye nabantu abadala, 300 mg ngelanga izikhathi 2-3. Kulokhu, umuthi kufanele uphuze amanzi in inqwaba. Uma kudingeka, umthamo kungenziwa lenyuke 500 mg izikhathi 2 ngosuku, uma Kunconywa ngudokotela wakho. Uma isiguli sine-esisindo esingaphansi kg 60, umthamo kufanele kube izikhathi 100 mg 2 ngosuku. Kulokhu, emisiwe ekuseni nakusihlwa yokwamukela lokhu ukulungiselela ngokuthi "Theophylline". Ukufundiswa uthi ikhambi kuyadingeka ukuze uqale nge ngemithamo emincane futhi kancane kancane ukwandisa ukuba zibe yiyo. Lesi sidakamizwa okufanele iqhutshwe njalo ngezikhathi ezithile. Bafanele izinsuku 2-3. Ngokwalezi ziqondiso, uma inqubo yokwelapha edingekayo ukuqhuba izinqubo njalo zokuxilonga. Okungukuthi - ukuqaliswa igazi ukuhlaziywa, umfutho wegazi isilinganiso,-X-ray, ECG, ekutholeni izinga cholesterol kanye elithwala umoya-mpilo. Ukubonakaliswa umphumela oqabulayo wathi izindlela kuza ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbili. Kubalulekile ukwazi. Ngo lokumamukela ahlangene izidakamizwa ne antispasmodics kuye okwandisa nekusebenta inqubo yokwelashwa. "Theophylline" kunciphisa isenzo izidakamizwa ejenti antidiarrheal. Isikhathi ukuphulukiswa kufanele baqaphe ekwenzeni noma iyiphi imikhiqizo caffeine kanye nemithi yokunciphisa ukucindezeleka.

Ukuthatha izidakamizwa ngenkathi bekhulelwe nangenkathi bencelisa

"Theophylline" umphumela embungwini ngaphansi komkhakha "C" ngu-FDA. Ithuluzi lingena isithiyo esinomhlapho. Abesifazane abakhulelwe kungashiwo izidakamizwa kuphela ezimweni lapho inzuzo kulindeleke ukuba unina mkhulu engaba ingozi embungwini. Esikhathini inkathi mina senyanga futhi amasonto okugcina enkathi yokukhulelwa makamthathe izidakamizwa, abagcina izinkomba esiqinile. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula.

Of kokuma eziningi zisikisela ukuthi theophylline imvume ngesikhathi III senyanga yokukhulelwa kuyehla. Lokhu kungase kudinge ukuzimisela njalo ngaphezulu lokuhlushwa izidakamizwa egazini kanye nokwehla kungenzeka umthamo.

Ibele "Theophylline" iwela ubisi kungadala izimpawu of ukucasuka ezinsaneni noma ezinye izimpawu ubuthi. Kubalulekile ukwazi. Ubuningi lomcebo wathi ku ubisi lwebele yilona cishe okulingana okuqukethwe yayo le serum igazi unina. Futhi, lokhu kusho kakhulu kuvimbela lesizalo Kufinyeta.

Izimo

"Theophylline" yokusetshenziswa njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla, is contraindicated uma kukhona:

• Isici esiyingqayizivele.
• Hyperthyroidism.
• Acute isilethikusebenza.
• stenosis Subaortic. Lesi isifo non-sokuvuvukala ventricle engakwesobunxele ijwabu senhliziyo esilimele. It libhekene ukubonakaliswa ukuvaleka abukhali ingaphakathi layo.
• Arrythmia.
• Isifo sokuwa nezinye izimo convulsive.
• Ukukhulelwa.

Ngokunakekela kubalulekile ukwenza yokwamukela izidakamizwa ngesikhathi ukubonakaliswa isifo esidalwa yizilonda emathunjini sibe isisu kanye duodenum.

letitsite

Ukubhema kakhulu kuthinta ukubamba umzimba futhi kukhuthaza izinto ezinjalo ezifana theophylline. Kufanele kukhunjulwe. Abantu elalibhema 1-2 amaphakethe kagwayi ngosuku, abe isikhathi esincishisiwe isigamu-nokuphila. In iziguli hepatic, ukwehluleka inhliziyo noma zokuphefumula uzwakalise, kanye izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye komzimba kwenzeka deceleration nokuqedwa ketshezi asebenzayo. Reception utshwala kanye caffeine-uhlobo imikhiqizo Ubuye nomthelela obonakalayo umzimba theophylline.

ukuxhumana

Umuthi 'Theophylline "ikhuthaza umphumela potentiation ka β2-agonists. Kungasenza sizazise liqhaqhazela, okuyinto kubangelwe sympathomimetic izidakamizwa uhlobo uyakwazi zivimbela inqubo ukumuncwa phenytoin. ukuqedwa Slow izindlela kwenzeka ukuxhumana kwayo ne-"erythromycin" futhi "phenobarbital." Kusho "Theophylline" inikeza ukwanda excretion kwezinso of lithium. Kulokhu, ibhalansi zokwelapha kuyaphazamiseka ezigulini bayisa nosawoti elihambisana. Umuthi 'cimetidine "kunomthelela lokuhlushwa amazinga igazi theophylline, futhi kwandisa isikhathi sokuhoxisa. Imithi kanye nemiphumela efanayo uzobe ezibalwe ngezansi.

Ukuba khona amathuba okuba nemiphumela engemihle

Lapho ethola izidakamizwa wathi angase abe nezimpawu ezahlukene ezimbi. okungukuthi:

• Ungezwa izimpawu of isiyezi, ukuqwasha, ikhanda, yokufikelwa, ukukhathazeka liqhaqhazela, ukudideka, isithuthwane.
• Ngo esimiso senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi - arrhythmia, tachycardia, angina zamanga, ukwehla okungazelelwe blood pressure, pectoris angina.
• Kusukela isimiso sokugaya ukudla bungene - ukuvela isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, isilungulela, uhudo, ukubuyisa, nesifo, kolwelwesi.
• Lapho nejoka izindlela reception kungabonakala nasemkhakheni ezinye zezindlela ziyabagulisa ngesimo ukulunywa, evutha, urticaria, dermatitis, imfiva, ukujuluka futhi ukuqubuka.

ukweqisa izidakamizwa

Kulokhu, zikhona izimpawu ezithile. Ngaphansi lokhu kubonakaliswa letifaka ekhatsi:

- ukuyaluza;

- ukudideka;

- Ukudlikizela;

- tachycardia;

- arrhythmia;

- hypotension;

- ukucanuzelelwa inhliziyo;

- sohudo;

- ukuhlanza nge admixture we igazi;

- Hyperglycemia;

- lactic umzimba.

Lapho lezi zimpawu inikezwa izindlela ezithile. Okungukuthi, eyenziwa:

• Kuvulwa namalahle indlela.
• Irrigation esifundeni wamathumbu inhlanganisela nosawoti kanye nekhambi polyethylene glycol.
• reception intravenous "MCP" noma "Ondansetron" nge izimpawu imakwe ka isicanucanu nokuhlanza.
• Reception "benzodiazepines", "Phenobarbital" (noma i-sodium thiopental) kanye neuropathy imisipha relaxants ngesikhathi okuvela nokuquleka.

"Theophylline": nozakwabo

Kunezinhlobo eziningana izidakamizwa ezahlukene zalolu hlobo. Kulokhu, cabanga imithi ezilandelayo:

- "Teobiolong" ( "Theobilongum").

- "Spofillinretard" "(Spophillin kuthiye ukukhula").

- "Perfillon" ( "PerphyUon").

- "Neoefrodal" ( "Neo-Efrodal").

- "Franol" ( "Franol").

isitoreji

I izimpushana kanye amaphilisi ( "theophylline") elondolozwe, endaweni emnyama ezomile. Yabo yokuphila eshalofini iminyaka emihlanu. Isitoreji amakhandlela kufanele kwenziwe imbala. Ngesikhathi esifanayo akumele simisiwe. Yabo eshalofini-ukuphila iminyaka emine.

yi

Ngemva kokufunda ngenhla, omunye ungacabanga ukuthi izidakamizwa ezifana "theophylline", intengo okuyinto eyamukelekayo (ngaphakathi 70-160 deda.). Futhi kule umbhalo kutjelwa yokusetshenziswa zomuthi kanye nokuxhumana yayo nezinye izindlela.