Ukuvikelwa zokuphefumula kusho. Zokuphefumula RPG-67. Iinsetjenziswa

Ukuze umuntu aqhubeke ephila nangaphansi kwezimo ezingezinhle kwemvelo okuye adalwe izandla zakhe kanye vagaries bemvelo, kumelwe asebenzise amathuluzi akhethekile yasungulwa ukwandisa amathuba ekusindiseni ukuphila impilo. Ukuvikelwa zokuphefumula kungavimbela izifo eziningi, ukuhlinzeka ithuba ukusebenza ezimweni ephezulu komoya. intuthuko kwezesayensi nakwezobuchwepheshe ngokukhulu ukushesha yathuthuka ekupheleleni, ukudala amathuluzi ekahle induduzo abantu nenhlalakahle. Thina ngezinye izikhathi abanye abazi ukuthi gauze noma idivayisi iraba elula ukuthi angasindisa izimpilo noma ukunciphisa chemical isiteleka.

Okuvame kakhulu Ukuvikelwa zokuphefumula - ke ihlukile izinhlobo buso futhi respirators. Liphinde evame ukusetshenziswa Uthuli izicubu imaski futhi banal, ngezinye izikhathi ithungwe ngezandla zakho, ukotini gauze ibhandishi. Uhlobo yokugcina zonke singatholwa yinoma ubani. Futhi akudingeki ukuba bahambe ezikhethekile Izitolo okudayisa sinombono uthole kudingekile ngomshini uthuli.

Ukusetshenziswa ezithile imishini zokuzivikela

Omunye ngeke ngisho ukuthi uhlobo isihlungi ukungcola asemkhathini ezincwadini okudingekayo uma kukhona incazelo enembile isimo lapho sisetshenziswa. Uma ukuthenga Ukuvikelwa zokuphefumula kuyadingeka ngangokunokwenzeka zibonisa lokho izinto abakhona emoyeni. Lokhu akusho ukuthi esimweni esiphuthumayo, abancikile ezingosini ze yokuthi ungakwazi ukuvikela umzimba wakho kusuka ubuthi futhi intuthu. Kungcono ucacise nezimo zokusebenza, incazelo izinto ngawo uthinte, indawo ephansi lapho umuntu itholakala.

Ungase udinge kuphela zokuhlunga isigamu-imaski esikhundleni imishini esibi kakhulu - buso. Izindleko akunandaba, ngoba kwezinye izimo ukuntuleka buso kungaba usongo hhayi kuphela empilweni kodwa futhi ukuphila komuntu. Uma ukuthenga kumele ukhombise yobudala umuntu uhlela ukusebenzisa elula Ukuvikelwa zokuphefumula. Ngokwesibonelo, lapho respirators usayizi ezahlukene, imikhiqizo eyeve eshumini nambili by volume zihlukile kubantu abadala e ohlangothini ezincane.

Izinhlobonhlobo amadivayisi zokuhlunga

• Isivuvu - main ukuphefumula kulandzelana nekuhlunga tinsita. Kuyasiza ukuvimbela izitho zokuphefumula, kanye emehlweni kanye ebusweni hhayi kuphela kokuziklinya intuthu, kodwa futhi anobuthi, enobungozi ikhemikhali. Ukuze abasebenzi laboratories imfihlo onjalo imaski nangokuvikela iba isithiyo esihle yekungena webhaktheriya emzimbeni imvelaphi yezinto eziphilayo, evala enemisebe futhi izinhlobo ezahlukene aerosols.

• Ngomshini i uthuli negesi - umkhiqizo obusebenzayo futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa ngesayensi nobuchwepheshe esisiza ukuvikela abantu umgudu wokuphefumula kusukela evala fetid futhi enobuthi, amagesi ezinobuthi ezifana aerosols. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi zokuhlunga enjalo zokuphefumula Ukuvikelwa ephumelela kakhulu at lokuhlala ongaphakeme (in the uhla 10-15 uphawu MPC). I respirators ezivamile: RU-60M (wasebenzisa izinhlamvu uhlobo KD B), RPG-67 (igobolondo KD), futhi isihloko esithi enegama ezithakazelisayo "Snowball-GP-E" akusho negate ekulenzeni libe namandla. Zokuphefumula isigamu-buso-nge RU-60M eyathi RPG-67, lethiwa ukubukeka - kungcono Rubber isigamu-buso, kokuba obturator wathungela.
• Civic igesi buso ukuvikela ukukhululwa kwe ezinobuthi futhi kulula kakhulu ukufinyelela kuwo futhi ethandwa phakathi kwabantu emhlabeni. ngezimpawu ezinjalo ezazisetshenziswa zokuhlunga angathengwa letsetfwe umthengisi, elinemininingwane it is kahle lapho Yahlela ukusebenzisa, futhi ecacisa yobudala umuntu lapho umkhiqizo uzobe ngqo ezigugile.
  

Indlela ukwenza ukukhetha okufanele

Ukwahlukanisa Ukuvikelwa zokuphefumula ingase ihlanganise subtypes ezengeziwe ezisetshenziswa ezimweni ngazinye. Ukuze uqonde kahle ukuthi uhlobo divayisi filtration emoyeni udinga, kufanele sihlole kabanzi ngamunye wabo. Ngisho noma lolu lwazi ayifanele okwamanje, kungase kube isimo esikhathini esizayo, lapho imaskhi noma ngomshini kukhona isidingo esiphuthumayo. It akuhloselwe ukuthi ngokushesha udinga ukuthenga amakhambi party futhi uwugcine egumbini ngaphambi ukuqala icala efanelekayo. Uma umuntu ngokwanele unolwazi ngalokho kungase kudingeke, khona-ke kuyoba lula ukuze sibhekane nanoma ibuphi angajwayelekile ukuphila esiteji. Gauze buso, okungase kwenziwe ngesandla, akunjalo efanele: bakwazi ukuvikela egumbini Smoky ngesikhathi umlilo, kepha hhayi ngaphezulu. ukuqeqeshwa kuphela sina - isiqinisekiso zokuphepha esikhathini esizayo.

respirators ngoba uthuli negesi

Okunye ngaphandle kwalabo okukhulunywa ngabo uhlu buso enkulu ethize, kukhona subtypes ezilandelayo: ngomshini RU-6 - lalivamile Ukuvikelwa zokuphefumula, eze cartridges ezimbili, ukuze ifunde intuthu elimazayo futhi ezinobuthi. Lo mkhiqizo has a mali futhi lemifanekiso ezengeziwe.

Kuvikela umzimba kusuka izinto ushevu evala. Ngokukhethekile kufanele inikwe lithathelwe "Snowball-GP-E", okuyinto has kuhleliswa obonakala ulula izihlungi ezimbili - uthuli-aerosols futhi umswakama. Uma elula ukusebenzisa buso enjalo ingavinjelwa kusuka ngokuphelele sisemoyeni aerosol evala izidakamizwa Lokudabuka begazi, APB amagesi (okokugcina zihlanganisa i-hydrogen-fluoride, chlorine, i-sulphur dioxide, i-hydrogen chloride). Lokhu kusiza kakhulu kulabo abasebenza at high asemkhathini ukungcola izindawo noma umane isinqumo ukuvikela amazambane amahlumela kusukela Colorado amazambane bhungane. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unamandla kangakanani kwaba Ubuthi egabheni spray - Ukuvikelwa kuqinisekisiwe.

Ububanzi ukusetshenziswa respirators

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ezifana buso zokuphefumula kukhona awasetshenziswa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi musa ukuvikela ushevu izinto ukuze amehlo futhi isikhumba (isakhi isihlungi enjalo esifanelana phezu komlomo futhi ekhaleni kusekeliwe ukukhwezwa ngemuva enjoloba band eqinile ukuvimbela ilele phezu izinwele kanye ekhanda). Ububanzi bokusebenzisa - ezimbonini. Futhi umuntu Planner ukugqoka buso, kukhona ezinye izidingo esiqinile ebekiwe imithetho kwenhlanzeko ezimbonini. para elithile - ukuvikelwa zokuphefumula womuntu hhayi kuphela izinto eziyingozi (igesi, umusi, njll ...) Kodwa futhi kusukela ukungcola mechanical, okuyinto abe nesisindo ongaphakeme futhi ngokukhululekile kungenza kube okwesikhashana. "Ukuvikeleka uthuli noma ngomshini contaminants?" - inkinga kumele wasondela kahle, ukuhlaziya ngokucophelela isimo kusengaphambili.

isihlungi buso

Lokhu ikhambi eyenziwe zezimboni Ukuvikelwa amandla abasebenzi emsebenzini, okuyinto nabo nsuku zonke ne imithi enobungozi amakhemikhali. Ngokuvamile, umuntu onjalo imaski nangokuvikela isetshenziswa ngesikhathi esifanayo ne izingubo ezivikelayo nezicathulo. Kukhona zenyathi ezimbili eziyinhloko: igesi zezimboni buso (njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, ukuze abasebenzi laboratory, izitshalo kanye nezinye izinto) kanye civil (zonke izigaba sabantu uma isimo okungekuhle nge ingozi empilweni yakhe). Ububanzi bokusebenzisa yezimboni igesi buso - isivikelo izakhi zamakhemikhali eziyingozi, lapho ingqondo egumbini emoyeni idlula imikhawulo kuvunyelwe.

Sebenzisa izihlungi ekhethekile umklamo ekhethekile kungenziwa kuphela esekelwe izinhlobo ubuthi noma izinto ezinamandla, okungukuthi, ngemva analysis olunye. Uma iMenenja enakekela izisebenzi zayo, kuyoba hlola kusengaphambili zonke ngokuphindaphindiwe futhi kuphela emva kwalokho kungenziwa wayala bonke abasebenzi buso. Basuke ezivezwa abakhiqizi ezahlukene wonke amazinga ngombala, nge ezahlukene isihlungi bafike bachitha amabhakede anendle. Lesi sakamuva ehambisana ikakhulukazi ukucabangela, njengoba ngamunye wabo unekhono ngokukhetha ukuncela izinto eziyingozi futhi eziqinile ekumisweni, egumbini.

imaski Civil: ukusatshalaliswa futhi umsebenzi

Uma uthinta umbuzo kukhethwa isihlungi ubuthi eziyingozi ukuvikelwa zokuphefumula kule ndawo befika intuthuko engakaze ibonwe. Kuyaqondakala ukuthi abagcini nje ngokuthola ithuba oda izinhlobo ezikhethekile, kodwa futhi ukuthenga esitolo, okuyinto waziphatha supply kugcwele lezo zimpahla. Ngokwesibonelo, ungakwazi ukuthenga civil igesi buso. Siyokuvikela umgudu wokuphefumula ngokugcwele, ngenxa nomklamo walo ube izihlungi efanele. Okwamanje ethandwa kakhulu nokumangalelwe ejenti umoya ohlanzekile ahlukaniswe kusuke amanyela. Itholakala kuwo wonke umuntu, kodwa kubalulekile ukwazi ubukhulu, hhayi aphanjaniswe. Ngokwesibonelo, i-umuntu omdala imodeli osemusha uyoba mkhulu. Lokhu akukwazi dengwane, njengoba uma umlilo noma ubuthi kwalo mkhiqizo kungaba bamane ezitjhelelako ikhanda futhi ushiye umuntu yedwa ingozi. Alengayo imaski owufanelekela futhi akukuvikeli ezanele. Akumelwe sikhohlwe ukuthi okwesikhathi umzimba ezikhulayo ngobudedengu ezinjalo kungaba yingozi futhi abangele umonakalo ongalungiseki zonke izinhlelo: kwegazi, zokuphefumula, kulimaze nolwelwesi lwamafinyila kwamehlo, kanye nabanye. Le ncwadi eshiwo ngenhla okuyisisekelo zokuphefumula ukusiza kunoma yisiphi isimo lapho kukhona nengozi yokuqhuma zamakhemikhali noma ukukhululwa imithi enobungozi kusukela izitshalo elisedolobheni noma eseduze. Cishe kuyo yonke imizi has a izitshalo chemical ohlangothini ezikhiqiza izimpahla zasendlini ewusizo. Kodwa kunoma isiphi isimo oluphuthumayo kungaba ingozi lonke kwemiphakathi yasemadolobheni.

RPG 67. Ububanzi yokusetshenziswa

Ngokukhethekile ikhokhelwa kumkhiqizo ezifana RPG-67 ngomshini. It kungokwalabo esigabeni Hlunga anti-gas kumadivayisi ngokugcwele bakwazi ukuvikela umzimba lapho kudingeka. Le modeli isetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko ukuze kuvikeleke izitho bulimaza imigudu yokuphefumula kubantu babo bonke ubudala nokusondelana izinto eziyingozi e isimo umusi noma igesi. Uma kuziwa embonini - likhona emoyeni egumbini (njengoba ngokuvamile evaliwe), okungukuthi endaweni yokusebenza. Kuyo indoda isebenzisa isikhathi sakhe esiningi, ngakho kuba nomthelela nsuku zonke emzimbeni wakhe ukungcola anobuthi abakwazi kuphela abe nomthelela omubi empilweni yakhe, kodwa futhi ukunciphisa ubude besikhathi eyabelwe ekuphileni, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kwakunzima kangakanani ngeshwa.

Umklamo we ngomshini

RPG-67 luhlanganisa izinkulumo ezithi elandelayo esemqoka: ngokungenzi - iraba isigamu-imaskhi emamaki PR-7, indwangu noma yesivalo iraba, kuncike okuthandwa nomkhiqizi cartridges eziningana lemifanekiso. Kukhona cuffs plastic, zazo ogibele e valve ephefumula, umoya valve. Kukhona screen ukuphepha kanye nosayizi kuhlelwe ngokucacile yibhande lasebunzini phakathi. Zokuphefumula RPG-67 Pick nje - siyafana ncamashi wokugubha nezinhlamvu wokugubha, uba zokuhlunga. Ngamunye wabo has a Ukwakheka nokucwila ezahlukene. Ukuze ugweme ukudideka (sokuvikelwa zokuphefumula - inqubo kuyingozi kakhulu), kwaba ukuqala Isihlungi ngamunye sisetshenziswa kahle maphakathi ikhava igobolondo. Kulokhu, kuba isiqiniseko ukuze ukhombise usuku ukwakhiwa, kanye imodeli kanye brand of igobolondo ingxenye.

respirators osayizi

Ngokuvamile respirators etholakalayo nomkhiqizi respirators nge izilinganiso ezintathu izinhlobo: 1, 2, 3. Kuye obungazungeza ikhanda futhi iminyaka yobudala abantu umthengi ngokukhetha efanelekayo. Ungase futhi ithengwe ngokwehlukana noma amagogolo izikhwebu ukuvikela izitho wabantu, ofuna ukubeka isithiyo eqinile phakathi umzimba wakho kanye imvelo elimazayo. Zokuphefumula RPG-67 anezinye ezicashile iyasebenza. Enye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu: ithuluzi akumele zisetshenziswe ukuvikela ngokumelene ezinobuthi kakhulu. Iqiniso liwukuthi kulokhu ukuhlunga hhayi angabhekana ngayo imisebenzi yabo. Izinto ezinjalo zihlanganisa hydrocyanic acid, hydrogen sulfide ne -arsenic, phosphorous-hydrogen cyanide, i-methane, tetraethyl ethane. Ezinye izinto esimweni vaporous namanje ukungena emzimbeni, isibonelo, uma ezindaweni ezithile isikhumba okungavikelwe.

Noma yimuphi umuntu ngezikhathi ezithile kudingeka abhekane ezihlukahlukene izinto eziyingozi, isimo zingahluka: isikhathi ukusebenza noma icala angajwayelekile. Lapho ekhetha khambi, kubalulekile ukuba acabangele zonke izinkambiso owamukelwa futhi izici, uma indiva, kungaholela nemiphumela eyinhlekelele. Hlunga ibhokisana lokugcina itiye noma ikhofi noma yimuphi umkhiqizo njalo ngokuqinile ezikhethekile, igxila ukwakheka nokucwila ethize.

Ukuze impilo yakho kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi ziphathwe kahle. Uma kungenzeka ukuvimbela isiphi isimo esisongela ukuphila, nje kudingeka kwenziwe. Ukuvikelwa zokuphefumula kusho - ke kuyimfuneko hhayi uphawu lokunethezeka. Inani wabo njalo ngaphakathi kutholakale, futhi uma kuleli zwe kukhona izinhlekelele zemvelo noma izinhlekelele ezenziwe umuntu, kungase ngisho zingancishiswa, esekelwe abampofu. Isimo uyakwazi asinakekele, ngokwezinga elithile, kodwa wonke umuntu kumele enze konke okusemandleni ukuqinisekisa ukuvikeleka kwabo.