Ukwahlukanisa izindlela ulwazi lwesayensi

Indlela ngomqondo ebanzi uhlelo izindlela eziqondile noma amasu ukuthi singasetshenziswa yisiphi isici sokuphila komuntu for ukugcwaliseka imisebenzi yayo emphakathini.

Ngokwesibonelo, indlela yesayensi iye ucwaninga ukuthuthukiswa kolwazi lwesayensi nokuhlonyiswa oyiyo, kanye uhlobo Ukulungisiswa imiphumela yalolu cwaningo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwenkululeko indlela yesayensi ukuze ngicwaninge ngezimiso futhi izinhlobo ukuqaliswa kwe-lwazi aluthola ku umkhuba.

Iyiphi indlela kufaka izinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi yeziqondiso, izimiso ezithile nezimfuneko enquma inkambo ka nobe esifundvweni lesitsite kute kuzuzwe inhloso ethize.

Ukwahlukanisa izindlela yolwazi yesayensi kuyehla kube nomqondo lokuhweba ulwazi methodological, okubandakanya amaqembu elandelayo esemqoka.

1. izindlela zefilosofi. Lokhu izindlela ezahlukahlukene kusebenza dialectical indlela yezesayensi ulwazi, futhi elifanayo ezintweni eziphilayo. Lona kunazo owaziwa, izindlela jikelele ulwazi lwesayensi. Ngaphezu okungenhla, izindlela zefilosofi zihlanganisa kohlaziyo (ejwayelekile zanamuhla ahlaziye nefilosofi), phenomenological, hermeneutic futhi enembile.
2. Jikelele izindlela zesayensi nezindlela zocwaningo.
3. amasu Special (chastnonauchnogo) cwaningo.
4. izindlela izigwegwe ulwazi lwesayensi.
5. Izindlela zocwaningo imikhakha eyahlukene.

Ukwahlukanisa izindlela ulwazi lwesayensi in umongo indlela zefilosofi ekutadisheni imithetho yawo esemqoka, ngokuvamile isebenzisa indlela dialectical inkinga.

Dialectics yena, ihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezintathu zezinhlayiya eziyisisekelo. Esokuqala dialectic lasendulo, ngokuthi "okuvele ukuzikhohlisa" ngoba impikiswano walo wawenziwe kuphela isipiliyoni zezwe. Akwaziwa postulate umsunguli we dialectics ka Heraclitus, owayegomela ukuthi lasendulo "konke ageleza, izinguquko konke." Enye omele lolu hlobo ulwazi lwesayensi kwaba uPlato e ukuqonda kwakhe dialectic yobuciko kwakufanele bahlanganyele inkhulumomphendvulwano. Zeno sazama ukunikeza incazelo ukuphikisana kwangempela e logic of imiqondo.

Futhi, Ukwahlukaniswa izindlela ulwazi lwesayensi esekelwe dialectic German classical njengoba indlela zefilosofi. Le ndlela dialectics yasungulwa ngu Hegel, Kant, Schelling, Fichte - zefilosofi German owenza banikela ngendlela ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni le isayensi.

dialectics izinto - uhlobo wesithathu dialectic - kuyinto uhlelo yokubukwa, izigaba, nemithetho nezimiso zalo Classics of Marxism.

indlela Dialectical ka okwakwaziwa ososayensi emhlabeni uthi, njengoba emhlabeni wangempela njalo iqhubekela phambili, eba, isuka ifomu eyodwa ukuphila komunye, zonke imiqondo nezigaba ezihlobene nale Dynamics emhlabeni inhloso, kumele kube beshesha, nezimo, kubonise ubunye kanye nomzabalazo izigaba zomhlaba aphikisanayo, ukuxhunyaniswa ukubonakalisa kakhulu ngokunembile ngokoqobo.

Njengoba sazi ukuthi Ukwahlukaniswa izindlela ulwazi lwesayensi osebenza ku ngokuphelele yonke imikhakha yempilo yomuntu, it is ngokulinganayo isicelo kahle kwezenhlalo, ezomnotho kanye sphere zezombusazwe yokuphila komuntu.

Ukuze isimiso dialectical osebenza, okokuqala kunakho konke, historicism mkhuba - okungukuthi, cwaningo ukubukwa kwaleso sifundvo ngetindlela ukunyakaza kwakhe njalo kanye nentuthuko. Umgomo we banzi futhi ukucabangela enkulu dialectic. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimiso ezifana ngokucacile, umnqopho, isimiso ukuphikisana, Determinism tiyasebenta zimiso eziyisisekelo eziyisisekelo indlela dialectical wokutadisha emhlabeni futhi asetshenziswa ukufunda imihlola, izenzakalo, izinto ewonke.