Umkhakha Ukraine. izici Jikelele umkhakha e-Ukraine

Ukuze uqinisekise amazinga ehloniphekile ephilayo izakhamuzi, tekutfutfukisa talelive lidinga ezingaba namandla kwezomnotho. Inani izimpahla kanye namasevisi, oveza isimo esithile, kanye nekhono eyisebenzisa baphakathi izinkomba ebaluleke kakhulu inhlalakahle kanye nokusimama. umkhakha Ukrainian baqala ukuvela e kwekhulu le-18, futhi namuhla imelelwa ezimbonini eziningi.

Ukwahlukanisa imikhakha yezomnotho Ukraine

Kuye izimboni ukuthi injongo umkhiqizo ahlukanisa, izindlela zokukhiqiza ekhiqizwa. Enye igama kulesi sigaba - umkhakha esindayo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa amabhizinisi kwezezimboni eziyinkimbinkimbi Metallurgical, ugodo, amakhemikhali umkhakha, futhi umshini-ukwakha izimboni. Iqembu lesibili - embonini, onguchwepheshe womshini ezidayiswayo. Lokhu kungenxa kakhulu umkhiqizo wokudla futhi umkhakha ukukhanya. Kubalulekile wazi ukuthi ivolumu imikhiqizo ekhiqizwa yinkampani neqembu lokuqala siphezulu. Izimali nazo izimboni Ukraine, okuyinto kuveza noma kusetshenzwe imithombo. Lo mqeqeshi owake wapheka zihlanganisa zonke lezo zindawo ukuthi bekwi ukukhiqizwa umlilo noma eliphi elinye izinto zokusetshenziswa. izitshalo Icubungula babhekana idatha ukucutshungulwa (isakhiwo umshini, amakhemikhali umkhakha).

izici Wendawo yokusabalalisa zokukhiqiza e-Ukraine

E-Ukraine, zikhona ezinye izici obeka amabhizinisi emnothweni kazwelonke. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kukhona ukusatshalaliswa izimboni engalingani. amabhizinisi enkulu eziyinkimbinkimbi Metallurgical, izitshalo chemical zitholakala ngokuyinhloko empumalanga ye-Ukraine. Ungaphinde ukhethe futhi izikhungo yizimboni njenge Zaporizhia esifundeni, Kiev, Kharkiv. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ingxenye yaso esentshonalanga isethubeni ezinjalo. Lezi izindawo zokudla, wahlanganyela kwezolimo. Lezo zici sendawo izimboni benezingane eziningi izici ezingezinhle. Okokuqala, i-East ukungcoliswa ezingeni iphezulu kakhulu. Futhi waphawula ukusatshalaliswa engalingani labantu.

embonini yamalahle

Ukuhlinzeka labantu ngogesi linendima ebalulekile kukaphethiloli namandla eziyinkimbinkimbi. Embonini yamalahle Ukraine is ezikhethekile ekukhiqizeni kwamalahle nokucubungula wayo. Izindawo lapho kukhona ezifakwa kwamalahle - kungcono laseDonetsk esifundeni, ingxenye Lviv futhi naseVolyn izifunda, Dnipropetrovsk. Nokho, okokuqala ichibi abacebe, usayizi waso ifinyelela izinkulungwane 50 sq. Km. Isici esivelele sesimiso izimayini zamalahle kule Donbass iyona nesenzakalo yayo ukujula okukhulu, kanye saturation amagesi ayingozi. Konke lokhu kuthinta kakhulu izindleko nophethiloli. ELvov-naseVolyn amalahle isezingeni eliphansi, kodwa akunzima kangako ukusingatha indaba ukukhiqiza. Indawo eyinhloko nesenzakalo ansundu laseDnepropetrovsk pool.

Amafutha kanye ukucutshungulwa yayo

umkhakha Ukrainian kuhlanganisa umkhakha ukuthi ukhiqiza uwoyela nokucubungula yayo. Kuze kube manje, kukhona abangaba ngu-130 ezifakwa of izinto zokusetshenziswa. Elikhulu kunawo wonke kuyinto Dnieper-laseDonetsk esifundeni. indawo ZaseCarpathos okwamanje isebenza eziningana. ehlaziyiwe kancane umcengezi Black Sea. Lokhu kungenxa izimo eziyinkimbinkimbi umkhiqizo kawoyela, futhi alondoloza ayo akuzona Ubaluleke. Izinkinga main kule mboni Ukuwohloka imali, yokuntuleka kwezimali ukuqhubeka izidubedube. Ukuqinisekisa izidingo yangaphakathi yezwe amazwe ethile kawoyela ongahluziwe. amabhizinisi Industrial ukuthi bekwi ukucutshungulwa kwayo, elise Kremenchug, Lisichansk, Drohobych. Kuthathwa esikhundleni fuel Peat. Ukraine has eyanele izinqolobane zalo. Okwamanje, zikhona izimali ezifakwa Peat mayelana 3,000.

Amandla eziyinkimbinkimbi Ukraine

Ngaphandle ihaba, singasho ukuthi ugesi liyadingeka cishe yonke imikhakha yempilo yethu. Ukraine Industries emandleni isizukulwane imelelwa ezishisayo, enuzi kanye emifula izitshalo amandla. Sebenza amandla izitshalo esekelwe amandla omlilo uphethiloli (amalahle, igesi, amafutha), anikeza amandla ezishisayo. it is iguqulwe ibe amandla kagesi esebenzisa noma asebenzise imishini ethize. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zezitshalo: ukushisa elihlangene namandla futhi ushintsha uba yileli. Sebenza ezikhungweni zenuzi kusekelwe ukusetshenziswa uranium futhi plutonium imikhando. Kuqhathaniswa ukushisa, izitshalo ezifana Aziyingcolisi emoyeni futhi zithandwa ukonga ngenxa ongaphakeme petrol. Basuke ise Zaporizhia esifundeni, Khmelnytsky, Mykolaiv futhi Rivne. Ugesi angakhiqiza nangamanzi. Sici Its yiyona ngentengo ephansi. Nokho, umkhakha Ukrainian akwanele ukusebenzisa amanzi amandla ayo. Okwamanje,% 7 kuphela ugesi kuveza iziteshi amandla kagesi.

Ukukhiqizwa izinsimbi kanye Alloys

Metallurgy - umkhakha, okuyinto kahle kuleli zwe. Kuyinto omunye inzuzo kakhulu. Ikhadi Imboni Ukraine izitshalo ocebile Metallurgical, okuyinto eyenzeka sokuncibilikisa steel (noma sensimbi), kanye womshini izihloko therefrom. Omunye izindlela ezithuthukile kakhulu ukukhiqizwa metal - ukusetshenziswa amaziko kagesi ne-oksijini convectors. Kungenze of iphuma Amabha steel. Kungaba isikwele, futhi round noma abe ukuma ezahlukene. Ukraine igxile ekuthuthukiseni amaphayiphi namapayipi (banayo ububanzi ngokwanele ezinkulu). Leli zwe izinqolobane eside izinto zokusetshenziswa for the umkhakha steel. Lokhu ore yensimbi, namathempeli ngokhonkolo namatshe. Manganese-ore ezisetshenziswa emasimini ukukhiqiza ukudla Refractories. Izimpahla okwenele coke. Ministry of Industry of Ukraine wakhuluma eziningi nokuthengiswa kulo mkhakha. amabhizinisi ezinkulu zitholakala Mariupol, laseKharkov, eDonetsk, Lugansk. Futhi athuthukiswe futhi yokusansimbi non-ayoni. Ngokuyisisekelo embonini aluminium, ukukhiqizwa izinto ezingavamile futhi ephuma kabili umqhubi, amatshe ayigugu.

ubunjiniyela

Izinga yentuthuko isiqoqi sama-softwe ukhomba ngqo ukuchuma kwezomnotho yezwe. Lokhu legatsha osinikeza ezintsha, inikeza ngezimo ntofontofo for izakhamuzi. umkhakha Ukrainian has mayelana 60 izinhlobo zezitshalo yalolu hlobo. Ububanzi kuyinto enezici: kuba ubuchwepheshe bama-computer, nezitsha zasolwandle. Kukhona ezinye izinhlobo lunye:

• Inhloso, okuyinto waziphatha ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo ukuphela (imishini, izinto ezisetshenziswayo, usule izinto zikagesi eziphezu);
• kwalapho (izinjini, imiklamo umkhiqizo wokugcina);
• Okuningiliziwe (womshini izingxenye ngabanye);
• Inqubo (enamathela preform).

Ngokuvamile, le industry bekwi-ukukhiqizwa izinhlobo ezahlukene imishini, imishini kagesi, futhi kuhlanganisa ezokuthutha zobunjiniyela. Ngokusho uhlobo ukusetshenziswa ukuhlukanisa imikhiqizo civil kanye ukuzivikela. Ufaka amabhizinisi kunalokho ngokukhululekile, ngoba akuxhomekile imithombo. Basuke ikakhulukazi etholakala ezindaweni isisekelo esihle zesayensi kanye nenani labasebenzi abanele oqeqeshiwe. izitshalo Engineering zitholakala e Kiev futhi Lviv. Isiqondiso main msebenzisi sekupheleni. Shipbuilding bagxila e Odessa, Mariupol. Kharkiv - isikhungo esikhulu ukukhiqizwa imishini yezolimo. umkhakha Izithuthi - i umkhakha okudume kakhulu. amabhizinisi Industrial lokhu lunye asezindaweni Lutsk eLvov, Zaporozhye.

Chemical umkhakha e-Ukraine

Lomkhakha komnotho ebutha Izibuyekezo okuxubile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kungaba ukukhiqiza izinto nezimpahla, okuyinto abekho. Kodwa ngakolunye, amabhizinisi ayo zingcolisa indawo esizungezile. Ngo Ukraine, emelelwa ukukhiqizwa udayi, upende, imikhiqizo plastic, amakhemikhali yasendlini. Enye yezindawo kuyinto yasekhemisi. Uveza izidakamizwa, izibulali-magciwane. I ibhizinisi enkulu igxile eziyinkimbinkimbi kwemithi Kyïv, Lviv futhi Kharkiv. Futhi ivelele, kanye umkhakha Petrochemical, ekhiqiza amathayi, carbon omnyama. Zine main lapho lo mkhakha iyakhiwa kahle: eDonetsk, Black Sea, Dnieper futhi ZaseCarpathos. Kuze kube manje, lo Ezinye zezindawo ezibekwe eqhulwini ukukhiqizwa umquba, epulasitikini, imikhiqizo organic zamagama.

umkhakha ukukhanya

Namuhla, Ukraine has izinkampani mayelana 2000 ukuthi bekwi ukukhiqizwa izindwangu, izingubo nezicathulo. Nokho, uma iqhathaniswa ekupheleni kwekhulu leminyaka elidlule, izinga ukukhiqizwa mikhiqizo kwehle kakhulu. Kudingeka sabantu futhi enikeziwe inani elikhulu ukungeniswa. Nelineni umkhakha isebenzisa izinto zokusetshenziswa ezifuywayo, ngaphandle Ukraine kuyinto isithekelisi yalesi material. Kukhona inani elikhulu amabhizinisi thunga izingubo ngendwangu amazwe kusuka kwamanye amazwe. umkhakha Khanyisa Ukraine futhi kuhlanganisa noboya, lesikhumba umkhakha (impahla eluhlaza esetshenziswa ikakhulukazi yasekhaya). isikhungo Famous zokukhiqiza fur amajazi nezinye noboya - (. Ivano-Frankivsk esifundeni) Tysmenytsia edolobheni. Esikhathini Poltava esifundeni ugxile ibhizinisi, onguchwepheshe zezingane futhi omdala knitwear. Factory umkhakha nelineni ikakhulukazi etholakala naseVolyn, Rivne, Zhytomyr izifunda. Izicathulo owenziwe e-Ukraine, futhi azinake ngenxa eliphezulu yayo evumelanisa. Izizinda esemqoka yalolu zokukhiqiza Lviv, Dnipropetrovsk, Kharkiv.

Ukudla

Enterprises bekwi-yokulungisa ukudla ukusetshenziswa, ukucubungula, sahambisa cishe kuyo yonke indawo yakwa-Ukraine. Esinye nesinye isigaba sifaka has izitshalo ayo ebhikawozi, dairies. Ngo 19 izifunda umkhakha ushukela kahle. Elikhulu inyama processing izitshalo zitholakala ekhatsi Kiev, laseDonetsk, Odessa, Lviv nakwamanye amadolobha. umkhakha Ukudla e-Ukraine ngeke akwenze ngaphandle yokukhiqiza amafutha sunflower, ezihlukahlukene iwayini, uju. Kukhona izinkampani bekwi yokukhiqiza izithelo okusemathinini nemifino. Basuke bagxila Odessa, Kherson, Zaporozhye.

ezolimo

Ngokwesiko, Ukraine iyizwe lapho ezingeni lelisetulu ukuthuthukiswa kwezolimo. Ngenxa izici kwenhlabathi kuveza a ngokwanele ezinkulu kanye eliphezulu. Kunezindawo ezimbili eyinhloko umkhakha - ukuzalaniswa kwamahhashi kanye ukutshalwa kwezitshalo. E-Ukraine, umholi wahlanganyela ekukhiqizeni okusanhlamvu, imidumba namazambane. Futhi eziningi esezikhulile kanye sugar beet nezinye imifino. Esinye isiqondiso - ukukhiqizwa Bashtaev amasiko. Futhi-ke, ungakhohlwa amajikijolo, amakhowe. Imfuyo iye yokuzalanisa izingulube, izimvu, nezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene inyoni. Namuhla kukhona lenqwaba amapulazi amancane ngasese ukuthi ukukhiqiza izinga ehloniphekile.