Umlando lwamaSlav lasendulo

Amadlozi lwamaSlav, okubizwa ngokuthi lwamaSlav lasendulo, wayehlukile iqembu elikhulu Indo-European ugcwale insimu yonke Eurasia. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izizwe ukuphathwa eduze komnotho, senhlalo kanye nolimi, united eqenjini Slavic. Lapho kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala kubo itholakala imibhalo WaseByzantium kwekhulu 6th.

Ngo 4-6 eminyaka BC lasendulo lwamaSlav nengxenye Ukufuduka Okukhulu - inqubo ezinkulu ukufuduka, futhi umphumela waba ukuthi baye matasa indawo enkulu Central, Eastern naseNingizimu-Eastern Europe. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, bagcina zahlukaniswa amagatsha amathathu; lwamaSlav empumalanga, entshonalanga naseningizimu.

Ngenxa umlobi wezenzakalo Nestor, siyaliqaphela main izizwe Eastern Slavic futhi indawo yabo yokusebenzela zokuhlala: sifinyelela engenhla iVolga, Dnieper, Western Dvina futhi wenyukela enyakatho krivichi wahlala; kusukela Volkhov futhi Ilmen kwakufanele Slovenia; Dregovichi owakhiwe umhlaba Polesye, kusukela Pripyat kuya Berezina; radzimichy wahlala phakathi Iput futhi Sozh; mayelana Gums zingatholakala northerners; kusukela sifinyelela engenhla Oka nasezansi umhlaba welulela Vyatichi; esifundeni Ephakathi Dnieper futhi Kiev babe ukusula; drevlyans babehlala eduze nemifula kanye grouse Oh; Duleby (noma Volhynians, buzhans) sahlala Volynia; ECroatia matasa emithambekeni ye Carpathians; Ulichi nezizwana Tivertsy kuxazululwe phezu sifinyelela engezansi Dnieper, le Bug emlonyeni iDanube.

Impilo lwamaSlav lasendulo, amasiko nezinkolelo zabo ziyacaca ngokuhamba amasayithi eziningi nemivubukulo. Ngakho, yabe seyaziwa ukuthi isikhathi eside abazange asuke isiko wezinzalamizi: esizweni ngasinye lahlukaniswa laba izizukulwane eziningana, uhlobo lwe lalinabashumayeli imikhaya eminingana bonke bahlala ndawonye futhi ephethwe impahla ezivamile. Elivumelana ngensendo futhi abadala besizwe. Ngezinkinga ezibalulekile obize Chamber - inhlangano yabadala.

Kancane kancane umsebenzi kwezomnotho obosoblivalas imikhaya, futhi idivayisi ejwayelekile salandelwa imiphakathi engomakhelwane (izintambo).

AmaSlav lasendulo abanengi gade babalimi sedentary kutshalwa izitshalo ewusizo, zizalela imfuyo, wahlanganyela nokuzingela nokudoba, wawusazi wezandla. Lapho uqala ukuthuthukisa ukuhweba, idolobha baqala ukuvela. Glade eyakhelwe Kiev, northerners - Chernihiv, radzimichy - Ljubech krivichi - Smolensk, Ilmen amaSlav - Novgorod. amaqhawe Slavic squads wadala ukuvikela imizi yabo, futhi lokhu kwaholela amaqembu babe izikhulu - ikakhulukazi amaViking. Kancane kancane ababusi ashaqe amandla yena bese empeleni uba amakhosi ezweni.

Kungokufanayo Umlobi womlando Nestor lisitshela ukuthi ubukhulu onjalo eyasungulwa amaViking Askold futhi Dir ekhatsi Kiev, Rurik - eNovgorod, Rogvold - e Polotsk.

Slavic sidilizwa ixazululwe ogxile izindunduma - nemizana eduze imifula kanye namachibi. Umfula hhayi kuphela ngokusiza afike emaphandleni aseduze, kodwa futhi ukondla bendawo. Nokho, umsebenzi oyinhloko lwamaSlav kwaba ezolimo. Bona igeja ovula njalo nangezinkomo noma amahhashi.

Izinkomo zizalela wayebuye obaluleke kakhulu emnothweni wezwe, kodwa ngenxa yezimo sezulu awazange naye. Okuningi lwamaSlav bakhuthele lasendulo babehilelekile ukuzingela apiculture - nezinyosi zasendle inyamazane kanye ngengcina yezinyosi.

Ngokwenkolelo zabo, lezi zizwe zama babe yobuqaba - bakhulekela uhlobo futhi amadlozi. Babiza esibhakabhakeni unkulunkulu Svarog, futhi zonke izenzakalo eziphawulekayo zasezulwini zazibhekwa njengabantwana bakaNkulunkulu - Svarozhich. Ngokwesibonelo, Svarozhich Perun lwamaSlav ikakhulukazi ohlonishwayo ngoba ithumela ukuduma nokunyazima kombani, kanye nokunikeza ukusekelwa ngezizwe zawo phakathi nempi.

Fire kanye Sun kuba nomphumela ezilimazayo noma siyazuzisa futhi kuncike lolu hlobo Dazhdbog samuntu akunika imililo anikeza ukuphila ukukhanya nokufudumala, Horse noma okubi, ubunjalo ukushisa nokusha. Stribog ayebhekwa unkulunkulu iziphepho kanye imimoya.

AmaSlav lasendulo chasiselwe intando yonkulunkulu babo bonke zemvelo kanye nezinguquko kule imvelo. Bazama ngazo zonke izindlela ukuba propitiate imikhosi yawo ehlukahlukene nemihlatshelo. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi isisulu kungaletha yimuphi umuntu owayefuna ukukwenza. Kodwa kuzo zonke isizwe kwadingeka umthakathi-Sage yayo noma umlumbi, ngubani wakwazi ukufunda intando iyashintsha wonkulunkulu.

LwamaSlav sidilizwa awazange azakhe amathempeli isikhathi eside yini ukudala izithombe onkulunkulu. kamuva kuphela abaqala abenza izithombe - ehlambalazayo wenza izibalo lokhuni. Nge ukwamukelwa of Christianity, ubuqaba nokukhonza izithombe kancane kancane iqedwe. Noma kunjalo, inkolo yokhokho bethu esekhona namuhla ngesimo intando ethandwa the agricultural imvelo amaholide.