Uyini Refractory Izinsimbi?

Ukukhuluma ngezinto refractory, kuyaqondakala noma yiziphi izinto zensimbi ziwela ngaphansi nale ncazelo. Vanadium, tungsten molybdenum, niobium, rhenium, tantalum, zirconium futhi hafnium - izinsimbi kabani ukuncibilika lokushisa ifinyelela 1650-1700 ° C.

Ngesimo okumsulwa, izinsimbi refractory azisenzeki ngokwemvelo. Basuke eyatholakala kusukela ore ugxilisa usebenzisa eziyinkimbinkimbi ubuchwepheshe ezintathu isigaba. Isinyathelo sokuqala siqukethe ekuvuleni CONCENTRATE, khona-ke kakhulu ukuba nesizungu futhi ukuhlanzwa zamakhemikhali futhi ekugcineni - yokutakula nokucwengisiswa metal.

Ububanzi ukusetshenziswa izinsimbi refractory ubanzi ngokwanele. izinsimbi Refractory elisetshenziswa isiqoqi sama-softwe, shipbuilding, electronics kanye chemical izimboni, ngenxa izakhiwo zabo esiyingqayizivele, okungukuthi ukusebenzisa kwakhe ezimelana nokushisa Alloys izinto.

Cabanga ngamunye izinsimbi refractory ngokwehlukile.

Vanadium - sesakhiwe steel-grey ngombala. Igama lalesi metal kwaba behlonipha unkulunkulukazi ubuhle Vanadis, sibonga umbala nosawoti okuyinto afakiwe ngezithako zawo. Vanadium olumelana amanzi futhi acid ehlukahlukene. It is lisetshenziswe womshini iraba, ngobumba, izingilazi, izinto futhi lezinsimbi Yiqiniso. Ngenxa electrode omuhle amabhethri isetshenziswa vanadium pentoxide.

Tungsten - grey metal okuqinile, besebenzisa izimo ejwayelekile ke kungenziwa ngokuthi kwensimbi refractory kakhulu, lisetshenziswe yokusansimbi njengesisekelo. Igama wolframite tungsten amaminerali etholakele (kule lane. Ngalo. "Wolf Foam"), owayaziwa ngekhulu le-15 njengoba tungsten sebehlushwa tin yokuncibilikisa ithusi. Wolfram uthola isicelo yayo enkulu ekwakhekeni izikebhe ekhethekile esetshenziswa yokutshala zinhlayiya olulodwa, encibilika ingilazi, njll ..

Molybdenum - metal refractory silvery-umbala omhlophe. Molybdenum neze ukungenwa namachibi futhi ukusabela nge-hydrogen kwenzeka uma molybdenum ifinyelela lokuncibilika (2620 ° C). Ukusetshenziswa Its ekukhiqizeni sesigcilikisha ngokuba izibani kagesi, kanye womshini cathodes amadivayisi ayi- elekhthroniki.

Niobium - ukukhanya grey metal refractory, kalula esilaphekayo, nemithi ukugqwala. Ingabe ingxenye insimbi engagqwali, ukushisa ukumelana futhi ukugqwala ukumelana Alloys, ekuthuthukiseni izindawo zabo lokukhanda.

Rhenium liphakathi olunzima kunalo lonke ake refractory izinsimbi. Alloys lokhu ukukhanya grey lensimbi tungsten kanye molybdenum umlilo ukumelana naso futhi kwenze ezisetshenziswa ukukhiqizwa izindiza leSupersonic nezikhali ezicitshwayo.

Tantalum - esitebeleni amakhemikhali refractory ukukhanya metal ezimpunga abe luhlaza onsomi. I yokusansimbi isetshenziswa njengendlela wengxenye ye Alloys ukugqwala nemithi, ukushisa ukumelana futhi kanzima.

zirconium Pure kuyinto metal shiny okulula ukucubungula zokusebenza kokubili ashisayo nabandayo. I lolwehlukanisa kwensimbi e ukuthi unesikhathi ukumelana eliphezulu kakhulu ukugqwala.

Hafnium itholakala zirconium imikhando. Metal ne bezinto esiliva, isetshenziswa ukukhiqiza cores umswakama ezindaweni zamandla enunzi.