Uzimele-panel endlini Izibuyekezo nabanikazi, nobuchwepheshe ukwakhiwa

Indlu kufanele ibe ntofontofo umndeni, kanye nomklamo walo kufanele bacabangele izifiso wonke amalungu alo. Ngemva ekubhaleni indaba emfushane kudingeka iphrojekthi enemininingwane. It kungenziwa yayala kusuka umakhi noma ukusetshenziswa software ezikhethekile.

Isisekelo nomthwalo esindayo izakhi yezindlu Uhlaka-panel zenziwa esizeni, futhi inhlangano yayo yenziwa, njengasezulwini umklami yezingane - Yenziwe ukukhiqizwa amamojuli. Akumelwe ididaniswe nezinye izakhiwo bazakha ngokushesha Uzimele-panel endlini. Izibuyekezo abanikazi ibonisa ukuthi ukwakhiwa ubuchwepheshe lapha abaphila ngayo ihluke ngokuphelele futhi kudinga izinga eliphezulu nobuchwepheshe. amamojuli Iphele kungenzeka ngesimo panel encane noma izigaba zomuntu ngamunye zenhlangano isitshalo. Lokhu kunika amandla ngokushesha futhi kangcono sokwakha izindlu Uhlaka-panel. Isithombe esingezansi sibonisa indlela yokusetha odongeni esiphelele.

Yini ukubheka lapho indlu

Okokuqala, ngaphambi ukwakhiwa yendlu kuyadingeka ukuchaza injongo yawo. Buildings for yokuhlala zonyaka kanye unomphela awafani. Zonke Ukucaciswa ziyafakwa ekuklanyweni kanye zokulungisa esikhathini esizayo kuyoba nzima futhi zibiza.

Ngaphambi wakha indlu luhlaka-panel, kudingeka ufunde izici zayo. Chief phakathi kwazo inhlangano yabantwana bakwa-isakhiwo siphelile ngaphandle podpilok futhi ezincwadini.

panel

Uphenyo skeleton-isihlangu izindlu ne isangweji panel kubonisa ukuthi kungenzeka yokuzuza ngezindlu ezisezingeni ngenani lentengo elikahle. Kunalokho eziyinkimbinkimbi ukuze akhiqize izinto kuyinto okungenani ezintathu-ungqimba isici nge igobolondo eqinile ukwahlukanisa engaphakathi enwetshiwe polystyrene, fiberglass noma amaminerali uvolo. I yangaphandle okuyingxenye wenziwe fiberboard, metal, polymer ngisho okwakhiwa ngalo la mabhodi. imikhiqizo Khanyisa asetshenziselwa ukufakwa ophahleni, kusukela ngoyisiwula kusinda ukwakha izindonga ophahleni.

Kuye netimphawu teluhlakasimo lweSitatimende panel isangweji zixhunywe ngezindlela ezimbili ezihlukene. Esimweni sokuqala, basuke ibekwe phakathi uprights ifreyimu esiphelele.

Uma yokubeka likhona emzimbeni iphaneli, it is aboshelwe uchungechunge futhi axube phansi angomakhelwane. Emasayithini edolobheni, ungakwazi masinyane ahlanganise Uhlaka-panel izindlu (isithombe ngezansi).

Abakhi ngokushesha isethi ngomumo, okuvela kulo lonke isakhiwo idaliwe, ezisukela odongeni panel kanye ophahleni yokuqedela. Iphakheji ingase ihlanganise Ukushisa amadivayisi, amapayipi, ukukhanyisa kanye umhlobiso izinto.

Yini kungcono ukukhetha indlu luhlaka-panel? abanikazi Izibuyekezo ezibonisa zonke izinzuzo zabo kanye nebubi. Ukuze isakhiwo ngasinye inkomba okubalulekile kuhlale isisekelo.

Kukhethwa isisekelo

Ukwakhiwa Uhlaka-panel izindlu wenziwa ku 1-2 izibuya. Ngokuvamile phansi engenhla ukwenza mansard. Akudingi ukuhanjiswa isisekelo esiqinile indlu enjalo. Kungase kudingeke uma uhlela ukubeka phansi egumbini elingaphansi noma igalaji ngomshoshaphansi. I ezahlukeneyo evamile izisekelo izindlu ukukhanya: ibhande melkozaglublenny, columnar noma ababebuthene kusukela izitini zikasimende. Izibuyekezo kwezindlu ibhodi Uhlaka-panel ukukhombisa ukuthembeka isisekelo isikulufa-inqwaba. Kungaba uhlanganiswe emahoreni ambalwa ngosizo ubuchwepheshe kanye ngokushesha ukwakha.

Kuzo zonke izimo, udinga ukudala njengoba base luhlaka eqinile. Ukuze wenze lokhu, strip izisekelo kwagcizelela, e columnar esetshenziswa grillage Monolithic kanye amabhlogo ngokuqinile uvikelekile sill yendlu. Ngokusho kwezokwakha uxhumano okunjalo kumelwe ube kuzo zonke izimo.

On yinqwaba isikulufa ngokushesha fixed ipuleti phansi ugodo.

idivayisi Uhlaka

Uzimele ezenziwe ngokhuni (njengoba lula futhi) elisetshenziswe kaningi.

ukwakhiwa metal kulula, kodwa kuyabiza by 35-45%. Ukubiyela ukwaziswa kwekhethelo kuyinto oki. Ezinye izinhlobo ukhuni futhi ofanele uma izinga muhle. Umklamo uyisidudla ngenombolo okungenani metal fasteners. Ngenxa yalesi ukusetshenziswa nasemakhoneni uthayiphe kwakwakhe "vpoldereva" noma "nezilimi inkatho" nezikhonkwane sokhuni. Zonke ukuxhumana kuvuleke Jute ukuthi azikho amabhuloho ezishisayo.

Ukuze rigidity lwezendawo endlini setha struts okungenani ezintathu.

Ukwakhiwa ubuchwepheshe: Uhlaka-panel indlu

Ubuchwepheshe kufaka ukwakhiwa owandulelayo isisekelo, okuyinto edingekayo ukuze wenze yonke imithetho, naphezu umthwalo encane.

Ukwakhiwa isisekelo

Okokuqala, uzilungiselele phansi flat futhi wokugubha nezikhonkwane ngobukhulu futhi eziveza yangaphakathi izindonga. Okulandelayo, imishini ngaphansi komugqa frost. Ezansi ligcwele futhi ohlangene ungqimba isihlabathi whereupon isixha ezenziwe yokugcizelela zezinsika kokufaka nabo izimbobo. Khona-ke ukukhwezwa formwork isihlenga isisekelo, futhi kubeka yezinyoni ukuqinisa. Kufanele ezihambisana ngezinduku ayezitshethe ahlelwe emigodini. Ngaphesheya formwork Kumelwe ubeke ipayipi esifushane izimbobo emoyeni futhi setha izikopelo oqotho ukuze uvikele okuthunyelwe ngosizo lwabo, imishayo isibopho. Ukuthululela yinqwaba eziphathekako inqwaba cap is arcade kwenziwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuze uxhumano Monolithic. Kufanele futhi uzilungiselele emkhathini kusengaphambili okuthunyelwe ukwesekwa lag futhi esetshenziselwa womshini yabo esele ukhonkolo.

Lapho kudlule zokuxhumana melkozaglublennom isisekelo ngokusebenzisa inhlabathi phakathi yinqwaba. Kulokhu, mortgages e grillage ayidingeki. Amapayipi kufanele kube ngezansi ezingeni okokuqandisa. Lokho abazi peremerzali ebusika, lapho izinga lingaphezulu, kufanele lizwakale linemfudumalo.

Ngemva solidification we ukhonkolo isihlenga isisekelo kuqondiswa screed. Top okwenziwe nokuvikela ibitume oncibilikisiwe futhi ezimbili zamatshe ukufulela impahla.

Uhlaka esenziwe ukulandelana elandelayo: wayibhinca ephansi, joists, uprights, wesitimela engenhla, joists phansi, truss uhlelo.

Ukufakwa sill

On the kuqondaniswe isisekelo ungangenisi amanzi enamathela amabili zamatshe ukufulela impahla, ibha embondelene of square esigabeni cross (120 mm noma 150 mm). I uyakulondoloza ukhuni camera. Ngo ukungezwakali kwawo asondele 10% yethusi noma yensimbi sulfate. Nokubopha sesibopho ukuthobisa isisekelo senziwa 2 m izikhonkwane threaded ngaphambili linamathele ukhonkolo. Kumelwe ukumelana isisindo yonke indlu futhi kungaba namandla kakhulu ngokuvumelana ekubalweni imithwalo. Ngesikhathi amakhona enkompolo esetshenziswa vpoldereva noma nezilimi inkatho. Horizontality we esibophezelayo lihlolwe on ezingeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunqunywa osayizi idayagonali.

Ukubeka lag

Amalogi zenziwa kusukela amabhodi ukuthi ogibele onqenqemeni ngokusebenzisa 0.6 m. Amakholomu ingakhishwa kusengaphambili. Uma kungenjalo, kubalulekile ukuba bayamba umgodi kumuntu ka 1 m ukujula, okuyinto ufakwa iDemo tube ububanzi mkhulu kuno 100 mm futhi kugcwele eziphathekako ephakamisa ngesikhathi ulawula ukuphakama ngentambo sisalokhu. Ibanga phakathi izisekelo eduze kuyinto 1.2 m. Izingodo zibekwa ku strip izisekelo. Khona phansi ihlanganisa ngokuphelele yonke phansi igobolondo. Lapho pier isisekelo joists kufanele libekwe phezu amahanisi. Kungenzeka futhi uxhumano vpoldereva yabo ukuzitholela izikhundla ezingeni elifanayo. Ingxenye engenhla lag kumele itholakale ngayo indiza ovundlile njengoba ezingeni elawulwa. izakhiwo Ngokhuni zenziwa ukwaziswa okufanayo ukuthi kwadingeka Coefficient efanayo ukunwetshwa.

Ukufakwa Racks kanye cantrail

Rack ibekwe phezu 0.6 m, kangangokuthi babengakwazi elula ukukhweza izindonga panel.

Ngesikhathi amakhona yokubeka ukwenza namandla kakhulu kulungiselelwa ibha 100x100 mm. Ukunquma zezinkozi nezinzipho zakhe yokuphepha kubakaki futhi mm 120. Phakathi, ukubeka amapulangwe noma imishayo. Iwindi futhi umnyango kuvuleka akhiwa kusengaphambili ku panel isangweji.

Racks axhunyiwe phezu komunye nomunye strapping. impahla yayo futhi indlela okunamathiselwe kuyafana ezansi.

Floor imishayo

Ubude lwemishayo kukhawulwe 6 m. A amancane span 3-4 m baprofetha amabhodi 50h150 mm. Basuke ogibele onqenqemeni engenhla amahanisi. Lapho imishayo kuyoshaya span ukushuba luyanda 100 mm. Avame ukukhwezwa truss ophahleni uhlelo.

ukufakwa izindonga

Izindonga kuthiwa kwakhiwa panel ezikhethiwe, okuyinto afakwa Uhlaka, noma hlanganani naye. Ukuphakama amakamelo kufanele kwenziwe hhayi ngaphansi kuka 2400 mm, ukuze ngingasebenzisi ukuzizwa ukungakhululeki ophahleni ongaphakeme, futhi kwakungekho emoyeni ngaphezulu. Ububanzi panel imayelana 1.2 m. Bona ingafakwa ngesandla phezu ngezikulufo kanye inhlangano Foam. I verticality of panel ngayinye liqinisekisiwe ezingeni. Kumele alawulwe nguMnyango izilinganiso isakhiwo, okuyinto sebenzisa yomthofu wokumisa kanye roulette. Nge leli phutha ukufakwa kufanele kube omncane. Ngemva inhlangano yabantwana bakwa-olungaphambili lwesonto efakwe ngodonga. Ophahleni elisophahleni esithambekele. Indlu lenziwe ngesikhathi isitshalo nentando, ngokuhambisana oda. Ngakho-ke, ukunikeza induduzo edingekayo emakamelweni wonke umndeni, udinga ukukhetha indlu luhlaka-panel. Izibuyekezo abanikazi eziphikisanayo, kodwa isithombe esisitholayo izinga lolutsite, ungacabanga.

Windows hlala kuze kube u-20% endaweni udonga lapho ukuthi akuphi. Ukuvuleka, okuyinto pre-ezenziwe isangweji panel, ibekwe ebhokisini, bahlela elicwebezelayo uzimele. Ngaphansi umnyango njengoba kukhona isikhala. iyiphi iwindi kufanelekile ukuhlala ehlobo. Uzimele-panel endlini ubusika kudinga ukufakwa amawindi kabili ezicwebezelisiwe ngongqimba eziningana. Windows kungabuye eyakhelwe emithambekeni ophahleni.

Ukwakhiwa kophahla uhlelo

Umkhqizi imishayo zapilivajut ikhwele imikhawulo ophahleni, izindonga wenza. Okokuqala, basuke eqoqwe futhi ogibele semikhawulweni endlini. Ngemva silingo intambo bese kwalo ukukhwezwa yangaphakathi truss ngazimbili ngokusebenzisa 0.6 m. Ukuze izakhiwo eyenziwe ugodo amapulangwe noma ukufakwa double isinyathelo ukukhuphuka 1 m. Okhulisa eziveza nomthamo isakhiwo kufezwa ngokusebenzisa girders, uprights futhi besokunxele. Perpendicular kuze kube semishayweni abethelwe likhreyithi, okuyinto arcade kwenziwa kusukela uphahla ebhodini.

ophahleni

Uphahla oyi-akhethiwe, kuye ngokuthi isimo sezulu, isakhiwo endlini, ukunambitheka, futhi zaziziningi amathuba. Izinto womshini ophahleni uhlelo, ophahleni kanye kudoti kungenziwa enikeziwe. Ready Uhlaka-panel endlini, livela ifektri, kakade aqukethe konke okudingayo. lath Solid zingenziwa njengoba panel isihlangu, ngesivinini ukufakwa.

Ngaphansi impahla elibheke selibekiwe ungangenisi amanzi. Kumele kwenziwe ngoba ukupholisa wophahla pie.

ulwelwesi

Ukubhekana endlini kwenziwa, lapho ukwakhiwa usuphethiwe. Olungaphambili lwesonto kumele umoya. Ukuze Uzimele-panel, nezindlu zingabi ezinye izinketho akukwazi. Ngaphakathi, yena uthola off by amasu ezivamile: imidwebo, abaluphahleka, nokunamathisela iphepha lokunamathisela odongeni, panel ngombala, tile.

isiphetho

Yakha indlu ngokushesha futhi ngenani lentengo elikahle uvumele ezobuchwepheshe zanamuhla nezindlela zokwakha. Ngoba noma yisiphi isifunda yasekhaya efanelekayo Uhlaka-panel endlini. Izibuyekezo wabanikazi izinga lo mkhiqizo omusha ukuthi babeshaye esikhonkosini. Lesi sakhiwo uyahamba isikhathi esifushane bese ukuhambisa it once uyafudumala futhi ethokomele.

Lezi zindlu cishe ngokuphelele izimboni, futhi umnikazi inkinga itholakala lokuthi ukuthi ukhetho abakhethiwe uhlangabezana nazo zonke izimfuneko zawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuthola ochwepheshe abanolwazi ekwakheni.