ImpiloImithi

Vertebra wesibeletho kanye thoracic: incazelo, isakhiwo, imisebenzi. Kokucindezela ukwa ka vertebra thoracic

Emgogodleni kuyisisekelo of the system zemisipha yomuntu. Emgogodleni ezahlukene ifomu S emise, iqinisekisa ivumelana nezimo kanye kuyaqina, futhi kusiza kokuphazamiseka ukuthi zibukeka lapho ukugijima, ukuhamba evamile, kanye neminye imisebenzi eminingi emzimbeni. Ikholomu umgogodla evumela umuntu ukuba nihambe niqonde, bamba ukuma uqinile, ukugcina umzimba ngo balance. Futhi vertebra thoracic - ingenye yezingxenye esemqoka ye yokhalo.

Kanjani emgogodleni

Emgogodleni yakhiwa amathambo amancane abizwa ngokuthi ama amathambo. Inani kuhlanganisa izicucu 24, omunye ngemva komunye exhumene sesimweni perpendicular. Amathambo zihlukaniswe amaqembu ehlukene: 7 wesibeletho, 12 thoracic futhi 5 lumbar. Ngo esifundeni engezansi yomgogodla, ngokuba lumbar, sacrum othumele ihlanganise 5 amathambo axhunyiwe e ithambo olulodwa. ngezansi nje ingxenye sacral ube coccyx ngasesinqeni se naso elise amathambo tho.

incazelo

Torso vertebra has simise cylindrical futhi kubhekwa indawo esinamandla olungena ephawulekayo eziveza umthwalo. Ngemuva emzimbeni has a vertebral lwaleli emise isigamu-amasongo nge spikes imbuthuma. Shackle vertebra kanye nezindlu zawo, ukudala Spinebone ndima. Inombolo ephelele izimbobo kuzo zonke amanga amathambo ncamashi eyodwa ngaphezu kwamanye, kuhlanganisa umsele umgogodla. Kuhloswe wokugcinwa imithambo yegazi, umgogodla futhi izinzwa izimpande.

Ngo ukwakheka isiteshi namanje iqhaza Spinebone Izigaxana, phakathi lapho nemisipha ezibaluleke kakhulu: posterior longitudinal futhi ephuzi. share Kugcine iyunithi ukudansela isiginci sakhe amathambo isiqu ngemuva, othayi ophuzi kubo emphethweni eseduze. lwaleli vertebral has 7 izinqubo, zazo joint yasenhla nemithombo yasenzansi zinengxenye ukukhiqizwa emalungeni isici futhi amagatsha transverse kanye spinous sibambelele yena nemisipha kanye nemisipha.

Amathambo nomgogodla thoracic - thambo sithambile ngaphakathi kubo daba ehlanganiswa ngaphandle kanzima qwembe cortical. ithambo Cancellous itholakala oluvundlile futhi kwakhiwa izimbotshana eziqukethe obomvu umnkantsha.

idiski intervertebral

Kutholwe interm amathambo emibili elandelanayo futhi ine uhlobo a oyindilinga, gasket bushelelezi. Ngo phakathi disc intervertebral okungukuthi, pulposus nucleus esesikhundleni kuyaqina okuhle futhi yenza umsebenzi umthwalo mpo kwentengo. Ihlanganisa lokhu multi-egqinsiwe umbuthano fibrous nengaphakathi kokulilungisa esimweni emaphakathi, iphinde ivimbele displacement amathambo bebheke tangent komunye nomunye. umbuthano fibrous siqukethe inombolo eside imicu eqinile futhi interlayers ka skew e evele ezintathu.

isici amalunga omzimba

Kusukela Spinebone amapuleti kukhona isici articular (amagatsha), kuhileleke nezinye izinkinga okuyinto emsebenzini wokukhiqiza emalungeni isici. amathambo wesibeletho kanye thoracic zixhunywe emalungeni ezimbili eziyinkimbinkimbi, esisogwini zombili izindonga lwaleli komugqa emaphakathi yomzimba afanako. ameva Intervertebral amathambo eduze kukhona maqondana nomunye. izinjongo zabo embozwe bushelelezi articular uqwanga, okuyothi ngokuya kunciphisa ukungqubuzana phakathi amathambo ukwakha ngokuhlanganyela.

foramen

Izingxenye lateral kwekholomu vertebral kukhona lumens foraminal ezakhiwe amagatsha ngokuhlanganyela, imigwamanda kanye imilenze amathambo emibili elandelanayo. Lezi izimbobo kufanele isayithi uphume vein umgogodla canal futhi izinzwa izimpande. I Umthambo, ngempela Kunalokho, seningene umsele umgogodla, ezidayisa igazi ligeleze izimpande emsipheni.

imisipha paravertebral

Basuke etholakala eduze komgogodla. Inani lawo eliyinhloko - esokunakekela yomgogodla, futhi kungenzeka ukukhiqiza ezihlukahlukene ukunyakaza abantu besebenzisa i-pan ne enyakazayo.

vertebra thoracic: imisebenzi yayo

Inani ikholomu umgogodla ayikwazi overestimated, ngoba wenza imisebenzi ezibalulekile eziningana:

  • Ukuvikelwa (ngokugcina emgogodleni);
  • motor (ukunyakazisa ikhanda futhi esifubeni);
  • inkomba.

emgogodleni wesibeletho

Kule ndawo, kukhona 7 amathambo. Sici isici le ngxenye - ukuhamba alo. Nazi kuqala vertebra Axis futhi Atlas, leyehlukile olunye uhlobo lwesakhiwo. Engxenyeni anterior ka-eksisi kuyinto neziqu bony ngokuthi izinyo. Atlanta engabondli abakubo khona umzimba vertebral. Isakhiwo 2 yakhiwa izibambo khona, lapho sokuqala phambili kanye nezinye - ezingemuva. Side ikholomu kubasiza ukuba uhlangane ndawonye. Ngenxa umthwalo encane amathambo wesibeletho kukhona yayincane.

Ukubaluleka entanyeni umzimba womuntu

umnyango wesibeletho kunomthelela ekusebenzeni ezingxenyeni eziningi emzimbeni ezingeke ishiwo amathambo womuntu thoracic. Lezi zihlanganisa:

  • nezinzwa ebusweni;
  • amehlo, ikhala nomlomo;
  • izindololwane;
  • yegilo;
  • indlala pituitary.

Izifo ezihambisana iziyaluyalu ngomsebenzi amathambo wesibeletho

Uhlu izifo kungenzeka kanje:

  • goiter, acute izifo zokuphefumula;
  • sinusitis, eczema;
  • ubuhlungu emalungeni nemisipha ehlombe;
  • laryngitis, umphimbo obuhlungu,
  • wehlise embonweni, ukuzwa ukuwa;
  • ikhanda, amakhala yisisu, inkumbulo ukungakhuli.

Ingabe Zikhona Izimo Ezenza aphakeme Kwenhlekelele

intamo endaweni ubhekwa sizwele ukuba zonke izinhlobo ukulimala kuqhathaniswa yomgogodla. Lokhu incazelo yalo:

  • ingxenye encane;
  • corset kwemisipha, okuyinto buthaka engxenyeni intamo;
  • ukukhanya ubulukhuni mechanical amathambo endaweni.

emgogodleni thoracic

Kukhona ayatholakala 12 amathambo, okuyinto anamekwe imizimba izimbambo. Thorax kwakhiwa amathambo futhi imiphetho ohlanganisa sternum. Ukuze ithambo enamathiselwe 10 kuphela ngazimbili lwezimbambo, kuyilapho abanye ahlale amahhala.

Uma inyuka appreciable ukulayisha ku ugema umgogodla ke ukwandisa ngobukhulu lezidumbu vertebral. Kukhona futhi zikhona ezinye imigodi costal. Ngokuvamile, umuntu vertebra kutholakala ukuthi kukhona poluyamok ezimbili, eyodwa engenhla kanye nezinye - phansi.

vertebra thoracic: izakhiwo eyisisekelo

Isici nobuntu endaweni emgogodleni ukuthi ayisebenzi. Ezibangelwa umthwalo wakhe cishe azinakwa. Nokho thorax uba ukusekelwa esiyinhloko esifubeni. Ngokuvamile, le ngxenye emuva kufanele kube afana incwadi "C", kanye roundness iqondiswa emuva. Iyatholakala lapha disc intervertebral libhekene ukuphakama amancane. Lesi ngiso sizatfu sekufa ukwehlisa kokuphenduka kukaJehova nendawo enjalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokuhlushwa ukuhamba ngemoto ukusiza elongate yomgogodla nezinqubo spinous. It has ukuma tile.

Tifo letibangwa esifundeni thoracic

Lesi sigaba has umsele umgogodla, okuyinto lincane kakhulu. Kubasunguli nesenzakalo zlib of amathambo angase abe ukwakheka omkhulu. Lezi zihlanganisa:

  • hernia;
  • izimila ezehlukene;
  • osteophyte.

Uma kwakuba khona ukulimala emgogodleni

Ukwaphuka we amathambo thoracic - zilimele ngaphakathi ubuqotho yokwakheka yomgogodla, ephelezelwa ubuhlungu, ukugxila indawo balimala, ukusonteka we yokhalo umgogodla endaweni elimele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ukuvuvukala ezithambile izicubu isiyaluyalu nayo umsebenzi efanele kwezitho okhalo nasemilenzeni. Esinye salezo kokucindezelwa waphuka kungaba.

Yini lena

Kokucindezela ukwa of the vertebra thoracic onomfutho. Ngenxa yalokho, lokho kulimala kuwumphumela kokucindezelwa yomgogodla, lapho amathambo ngemva kokuqhuma, ukuze unsolder futhi isicaba. Ngokuvamile uhlushwa ingxenye maphakathi nengezansi lumbar futhi thoracic.

Uma umuntu ewela ezindaweni eziphakeme noma esitshekile ngokucijile, emgogodleni egoba le arc, okuholela sincipha ngokushesha e yemisipha futhi kakhulu kwandisa ingcindezi phambi endaweni sokukhubazeka komgogodla.

Noma kunjalo, ngobukhulu endaweni umthwalo ahlangabezane kusigaba isilinganiso thoracic. Ngenxa yalokho yokudlula isinyathelo bokuphila kuyaqina yomgogodla livela nhlonhlo kokucindezelwa, kanti ngenxa yalokho - ukwa ka vertebra thoracic.

umgogodla lesion esiteji

Kokucindezela ukwa kungenziwa ihlukaniswe amazinga amathathu nobunzima, inquma ubukhulu ukusonteka yomzimba vertebral. Uma ehlaselwa ikholomu umgogodla lapho besanda 1st, ubude esifubeni sakhe amathambo kuyehla 1/3, kuyilapho inkomba 2nd - 1/2, ngisho e-ukunciphisa lwesithathu kwengxenye.

Ngokuvamile umonakalo Isigaba 1 abhekwa njalo, kanye 2 kanye 3rd - engazinzile, leyehlukile beshesha amathambo sokugembula. Ukulimala kungaba munye noma ubuningi. Ngokuvamile, zingabantu eduze maphakathi nesifuba.

Ziyini izimbangela ka waphuka we yokhalo umgogodla

Thoracic amathambo abe ubulukhuni ezinhle futhi zingamelana eningi imithwalo lokukhanda. Ukubhujiswa ubuqotho kwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezithile:

  • semali ukucindezeleka abantu abasha;
  • ithambo kwamathambo (ukuncishiswa kwamathambo ndaba ezihlobene nokuntula calcium isakhiwo zabo);
  • khona isifo sofuba noma metastatic adenomas, okuholela ngokuwa umzimba vertebral;
  • calcium ukuntula emzimbeni (ezinganeni).

Izimpawu zaso ka emgogodleni ukwa

Kukhona izibalo ngabanye endaweni ukulimala kokucindezelwa we thoracic:

  • ubuhlungu ngesikhathi umthwalo induku nomgogodla;
  • ukuphefumula nzima phakathi ukubanjwa ezilimele;
  • ubuhlungu kancane futhi imisipha ukungezwani kule ndawo ngemuva ukwa.

Ukulimala amathambo ngokuvamile izinto imbuthuma ubuhlungu endaweni esiswini. Izimpawu ukukhubazeka kanye iziyaluyalu ukhalo wembula umsebenzi okunempilo akuvamile, kuphela ngemva kokunqotshwa endaweni webele, noma uma kukhona spondylolisthesis (displacement amathambo thoracic).

Endabeni ophukayo ka amathambo wesibeletho waphawula esesikhundleni esingavamile oyinhloko, kanye kwasendaweni amagquma ayo, ukunyakaza, ukungezwani we Imisipha yentamo. Cishe zonke kokucindezelwa lwesithathu ukulimala ugema umgogodla sihambisane excitation izimpande emsipheni we emgogodleni Uthwale yayo.

Yingakho kudingeka bavikele izinzwa zakho kusukela waphuka ehlukahlukene ukunyakaza kungazelelwe, ngakho njengoba hhayi ukulimaza amathambo thoracic.

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