Vitaly Ginzburg: Biography, benze izinto zasemsebenzini

Vitaly Ginzburg - eSoviet futhi Russian physics edumile emhlabeni wonke theory kanye uprofesa, academician futhi udokotela wesayensi physico-zezibalo. Ngo-2003 wathola uMklomelo KaNobel. Futhi ngo-1950, ngokubambisana ne abadumile Landau ososayensi wadala umbono phenomenological ka umumo wokwakha.

ebuntwaneni

Vitaly Ginzburg wazalwa ngo-1916 umkhaya BaseMoscow unjiniyela kanye nodokotela Lazar Ginzburg Avgusty Ginzburg. Eminyakeni emine kwesokunxele engenanina njengoba yena wabulawa yi-typhoid fever. Ngemva nokulahlekelwa okunjalo esibi bekhulisa izinyane wathatha udadewabo omncane Augusta - Rose.

ingane ngesikhathi isencane wachitha ekhaya, batfola imfundvo ekhaya. Zonke izinqubo zilawulwa futhi impumelelo uyise Vitali. Ngo-1927 wathuthela ekilasini lesine eneminyaka eyisikhombisa jikelele isikole. Ngemva kokuthweswa iziqu zakhe ngo-1931, wangenela isikole endaweni yokukhanda.

Ngaphezu kwalokho ukuphila yesayensi

Ngo-1938 wathola iziqu ezifundweni zakhe e-University of eMoscow, lapho umfundi osakhula uzifunde ngokucophelela physical sciences ne-zezibalo, okwathi ngemva kwalokho wangena eMoscow State University iziqu esikoleni, lapho eqala umsebenzi wakhe e-physics theory.

Ginzburg uVitaliy Lazarevich (kabani biography kuchazwa ngokuningiliziwe kulesi sihloko) e yayo kwezesayensi alalelwa omkhulu kuyinkolelo-mbono yokuziphendukela superfluidity futhi umumo wokwakha. Futhi ngo-1950, kanye physics esidumile Landau ezihlongozwayo imfundiso yokuziphendukela umumo wokwakha.

Libuye bakwazi ukuxazulula izinkinga ezibaluleke kakhulu quantum electrodynamics. Phakathi nempi uye wazikhandla ukuze ngixazulule inkinga yokuntuleka kwezinto ekumeleleni isimo. Ngo-1940 wabeka phambili imfundiso yokuziphendukela emisebeni superluminal e zinhlayiya. indoda Kuyamangalisa ezihlakaniphile namasu kwaba Ginzburg uVitaliy Lazarevich.

UMklomelo KaNobel

Ngo-2003, isazi sesayensi esidumile waklonyeliswa uMklomelo KaNobel kuyi-physics, kanye A. Abrikosov no E. Leggett. Ginzburg-Landau theory avunyelwe ukuchaza ezinye ubudlelwane thermodynamic futhi enikeziwe incazelo ukuziphatha superconductor e kazibuthe. Vitaly Ginzburg, owaqala ezikhonjwe indima ebalulekile-gamma futhi-X-ray astronomy.

Wayazi ngaphambili bokuba khona amagagasi omsakazo, okubonakala ezindaweni elingaphandle halo welanga. Wasikisela indlela ukuhlola isikhala uzungeza ilanga usebenzisa umsakazo ekhethekile.

Ngokwe Ginzburg-Landau mbono, igesi electron endaweni superconductor - uketshezi superfluid egeleza eheleni ngaphandle izimpawu ukumelana okushisa aphansi kakhulu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uye wathola eziningi imiklomelo, imiklomelo kanye izindondo kuphela isikali kweSoviet futhi isiRashiya, kodwa futhi emhlabeni.

izinkolelo ezingokwenkolo

Vitaly Ginzburg wayengakholelwa ukuthi uNkulunkulu ukhona, ukuthi kungani uphike ukuthi uNkulunkulu ukhona. Ngaye, lonke ulwazi isekelwe kuphela isayensi, ubufakazi kanye nokuhlaziywa ucwaningo.

Ukholo kusebenza ukuba khona izimangaliso, okuyinto angadingi incazelo ovela Ngokombono ongokwesayensi. Astrology isazi kubhekwe isayensi-mbumbulu, futhi izinkanyezi - kungcono nje kumnandi futhi ukuzijabulisa. Ngemva kokufunda ngendlela umhlahlo magazini zesayensi yokufundwa kwezinkanyezi, umuntu angayisebenzisa ngokunenzuzo limelelwa futhi ukonakalisa izimpilo zabo. Physicists ukukholwa ukuthi muntu ofundile babengeke babe nokholo kuNkulunkulu, njengobufakazi bokuthi ukhona engakaze lawo. Kuyefana nasendleleni ubungcwele amabhuku izikhumbuzo zomlando.

Vitali wayephikisa ekufundiseni izingane ezikoleni zezikhonzi zenkolo. Wayenomuzwa wokuthi into esabekayo, lapho isikole beza kubapristi futhi izingane ukufunda ezithathwe eBhayibhelini. imfundo yezingane kufanele abe nesandla ekuthuthukiseni yikuphi ukuhlakanipha ukucabanga ngokuhlaziya.

imisebenzi Okukhulu

Ginzburg Vitaly, isayensi kabani umnikelo ingisize kakhulu esintwini, umsunguli lwezihloko angamakhulu amane kanye nezincwadi eziyishumi physics theory kanye nama-astronomy. Ngo-1940 wabeka phambili imfundiso yokuziphendukela emisebeni e zinhlayiya. Futhi eminyakeni eyisithupha kamuva, kanye J. Frank yasungulwa imfundiso yokuziphendukela inguqulelo radiation, kwenzeka emngceleni ezindaweni ezimbili ezahlukene nezinhlayiya eyodwa.

Ngo-1950, kanye Landau wayengumuntu umbhali inkolelo-mbono yokuziphendukela umumo wokwakha semi phenomenological. Futhi ngo-1958, yena wadala amazulu imfundiso yokuziphendukela superfluidity nge L. Pitaevskii.

imisebenzi yangaphandle

Ginzburg Vitaly, ogama biography owuthanda abafundi ngisho nangemva kokushona physics, uveza ukuthi usosayensi ngiziphatha nabanye abantu kwande. Ngo-1955 yena asayina "incwadi ezingamakhulu amathathu ', futhi ngemva konyaka - sicelosikhalo aqondiswe izihloko yomthetho ekuphishekeleni" ukuyaluza nenkulumo-ze emelene ngempela namaSoviet. " Wayengumuntu ilungu Commission, ngokumelene ubushiqela, futhi wayebuye umhleli womagazini eziningana ngokwesayensi. Indoda efundile, wacabanga lowo bafunda kuhle lonke esikoleni esivamile, ezifundiswa ezikoleni zamabanga. Kungenxa lezi abantu wabhala izihloko ngaphansi kobuholi physics.

imicimbi eminingi

Ginzburg Vitaly (amaqiniso athakazelisayo lezo zichaza ukuphila kwangasese usosayensi) useke washada kabili. Okokuqala ku iziqu eMoscow State University Olga Suede, kanti eyesibili - ku-physics zokuhlola Nina Ermakova. Kwadingeka a indodakazi ukuba ibuye emshadweni wayo wokuqala futhi abazukulu ababili.

Eyesishiyagalombili washona ngo-October 2009 lapho ngineminyaka engu-engamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye nantathu, ephethwe yisifo senhliziyo. Washiya banikela ngendlela ebalulekile esintwini. Vitaly Ginzburg wayengeyena nje i semithetho yesayensi yemvelo ezivelele, kodwa futhi umuntu emangalisayo. Wembelwa eMoscow emathuneni Novodevichy.