Volkswagen iqembu yezimoto

I-Volkswagen Group liyaziwa emhlabeni wonke. It ngempela iqembu elikhulu izinkampani wahlanganyela ukukhiqizwa izimoto. inkampani Umzali (noma, njengoba besho, unina) ungaphakathi Wolfsburg futhi ubizwa ngokuthi, njengoba wonke umuntu uyazi, Volkswagen AG. Nokho, leli qembu umlando ocebile kakhulu futhi eside futhi eziningi amaqiniso athakazelisayo. Ngakho kuthiwani kufanele ngikutshele kabanzi.

"Porsche" futhi "Volkswagen"

Ngakho, endlunkulu Iqembu zitholakala eJalimane, e Wolfsburg. Inkampani yabizwa ngokuthi "Volkswagen", okuyinto elihunyushwe esuka izindlela German "imoto zabantu". Kuze kube manje, cishe ingxenye yabantu amasheya ephethwe ngokubamba ezifana Porsche SE. Noma kunjalo, Volkswagen onazo zonke ngamaphesenti ayikhulu amasheya ezejwayelekile inkampani eliyifa Lesisemkhatsini libizwa Porsche Zwischenholding GmbH. Ngokuvamile, eqinisweni, "Porsche" - emshinini ukhiqiza "Volkswagen". Kuze kube manje, izinkampani ukulawula ku izinkulumo ukuze ujoyine niqinile isakhiwo olulodwa, okuyinto yayingase ibizwe ngokuthi u-VW-Porsche. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi Martin Winterkorn (sasivumela ubuntu emhlabeni yezimoto owaziwa) kufika ku-September 2015 wakhonza njengombonisi Usihlalo Webhodi ngokuthi "Volkswagen" futhi "Porsche".

Kodwa akugcini lapho. Kuze kube yimanje, Volkswagen Group yakhiwa izinkampani 342 ezikhiqiza izimoto futhi behileleke nakwezamabhizinisi ukuhlinzekwa kwezinsizakalo ezihlobene kule ndawo. Kuyinto umkhiqizi elikhulu izimoto emhlabeni. Futhi-ke, umholi ongenambangi wemakethe imoto e-Europe. U-25% izimoto ukuthi ukuhamba imigwaqo kuleli zwekazi, wenza "Volkswagen".

ngomlando

Volkswagen Group waqala nomlando wayo ngo-1937. umsunguli wenkampani - kuyinto Ferinand Porsche. Nguye owadala okuthiwa Umphakathi ukulungiswa Volkswagen mbH. Futhi ngo-1938 saqala ukwakha simila lokuqala, "Volkswagen". Yiqiniso, kwakunjalo Wolfsburg. Ngaphezu ifektri yezimoto, wahlanganyela omunye umsebenzi. Volkswagen AG Ukukhathazeka ke predostalyal Logistics nezinkonzo ezingokwezimali. Futhi sihluke kuleli, inkampani kwadingeka ukudla okuncane.

Esikhathini 90 inkampani waqala nobunzima enkulu. Kube nezinkinga ngempela ezinkulu zezimali. Kodwa sibonga ibhizinisi uFerdinand Piëch, umphathi esibucayi, zonke kushintshwe. Eqinisweni, le ndoda ukulondolozwa Volkswagen. Ukukhathazeka bashintshele 4 suku-ukusebenza ngesonto, waqala zihambisane nenqubomgomo nolaka futhi waqala ukuthuthukisa ngokushesha kakhudlwana. Ekugcineni, inkampani wakwazi ukuthola isamba esikhulu nemikhiqizo edumile.

-Rolls-Royce futhi Suzuki

Kusukela ngo-1998 kuya ku-2002, iqembu yezimoto Volkswagen wahlanganyela emsebenzini wokukhiqiza izimoto ezifana "Rolls Royce". Letindlela okunethezeka ukwazi bonke abantu, ngisho nalabo abangalwazi AutoWorld. Lesi sihloko ngempela ezithakazelisayo. Ukuhlukaniswa 'Volkswagen Bentley azibandakanya "ekukhiqizeni yale mishini ku isivumelwano enye inkampani - BMW. Kungani? Futhi ngenxa yokuthi i-Munich ngokuqinile uthenge iqembu ezifana Vickers, namalungelo walesi brand. Futhi kusukela ngo-2003, kuphela "BMW" unelungelo ukukhipha imoto ne liwuphawu bodumo "-Rolls-Royce".

Ngo-2009, i-Volkswagen Group wathatha isinyathelo esiqhubekayo - ke ongene umfelandawonye njenge nkampani "Suzuki". ezigxotsheni Amankampani baye benana (abakhiqizi German ithole u-20% izibambiso Suzuki) benza ukumemezela ukuthuthukiswa ahlangene okuthiwa izimoto kwemvelo. Kodwa ngo-2011, umfelandawonye behlukana, njengoba kumemezela yizwe.

Scandal 2015

Ngo-September 2015, nehlazo Umhlaba emhlabeni Volkswagen kwaqubuka. Ukukhathazeka wasolwa hlelo, lapho onjiniyela lisetshenziswe ku-ibhodi amakhompyutha, okuyinto bekhipha, ichaza iphuzu esisodwa esibalulekile. Futhi yilokho kanye imodi umshini - e esiku noma ukuhlolwa. Lolu hlelo iye ahlala e nezimoto udizili powertrains. Esikhathini Jetta, kuhlanganise VW, Audi le A3, Igalofu, le Passat, le Beetle. Lapho ukuqala ukuhlolwa, imoto ngokuzenzakalelayo sekuqalile ukusebenza eco-friendly. lihlakaniphile futhi ezicatshangwe kahle uhlelo, mangisho. Nokho, lokhu kwenzakala zithinta inhlekelele enkulu kanye nezindleko zezimali.

I-Environmental Protection Agency wawuthi kuzo zonke imoto eyodwa alihlangani ukuthi US, inkampani kuyodingeka bakhokhe inhlawulo kuba ayizinkulungwane 37.5 zamaRandi. It kuvela tibalo fabulous. Phela, ngo-2008 Ukukhathazeka sekudayiswe imishini 482.000. Futhi inani inhlawulo ingafinyelela izisulu 18 siyizigidi eziyinkulungwane! Kuze kube manje, i-United States Ubuyise yayo ingxenye yesigidi izimoto. Lokhu kubuye ukulahlekelwa. Usihlalo Martin Winterkorn ngemuva kwesigameko ixolise obala futhi uthe nakanjani ukusekela uphenyo. Bakhandwa umshado, ngasendleleni, Ministry of Transport Germany. Ngemva kwalokho, Martin bashiya izikhundla zabo ngemuva ezingaphezu kweyodwa eyishumi, wasebenza "Volkswagen".

Inkampani atholwe kuze 2000

Ngakho, kubalulekile ukuchaza kabanzi ukuthi ingxenye Volkswagen Group. Yiqiniso, ingxenye eyinhloko ke - yinkampani "Volkswagen" oveza izimoto. Le nkampani ayizange anezinhlaka njengendlela "indodakazi" leqembu umzali, futhi iyunithi ngqo ngaphansi kobuholi VW AG.

"Audi" inkampani ifakwe ngo-1964 ukuze lesi sakhiwo. Lathengwa kusukela Daimler-Benz. Audi kwaba elandelayo emva ifemu ezifana NSU Motorenwerke. It wathenga ngo-1969. Lolu phawu alisetshenziswa njengenhlangano ezimele isikhathi eside - kusukela ngo-1977. Futhi ngaphambi ukuthi inkampani kukhiqizwa izithuthuthu kanye nezimoto ezithwala.

Ngo-1986, amaJalimane yayilokhu izidlela nje lezi Spanish brand Isihlalo, okuyinto eyaba khona kusukela ngo-1950. "Volkswagen" ungumnikazi 99.99% esigxotsheni kule nkampani. Imodeli ezithakazelisayo kakhulu baqala ukuvela ngemva kokujoyina Isihlalo isakhiwo German. Ngokwesibonelo, isihlalo Bocanegra nge injini 180-amahhashi, okuyinto wasebenza phezu ochwepheshe Umklamo "Lamborghini".

Ngo-1991, inkampani aluthola Czech ŠKODA, bese baphinde Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles. Lokhu sikwenza kungaxegi ayekade VW AG, kodwa waba brand abazimele ngo-1995. Noma kunalokho, division. "Bentley", "Bugatti", "Lamborghini" - sha eyaziwa namuhla emhlabeni wonke. Futhi ukukhathazeka okungewakho Volkswagen kusukela ngo-1998. Lowo nyaka kwakungu-ashaqeka lo ngokuqinile. Phela, le mishini baphakathi kwabantu ethandwa kakhulu, owaziwa futhi ngenkuthalo wathenga.

Inkampani atholwe kusukela 2000

I-Volkswagen Group aqhubeka zithole amasheya esikhathini esizayo. Ngo-2009, wathenga cishe u-71% izibambiso Scania AB. Lokhu ukukhiqizwa ukwenza ekuthuthukisweni kanye ukukhiqizwa amaloli, amabhasi, amaloli, ogandaganda futhi diesel. Enye inkampani, MAN AG, wathenga ngo-2011, ukhiqiza yonke powertrains ngenhla, kanye hybrid ngaphezu. Ngezinye VW AG has a 55,9% esigxotsheni kule nkampani.

Ducati Motor Holding SpA futhi ItalDesign Giugiaro - imikhiqizo ezimbili wathenga "Volkswagen". Eyokuqala izinkampani ezisohlwini ingenye abakhiqizi isithuthuthu ehola, ezihlobene ekilasini premium. Owesibili - inkampani wahlanganyela imishini ngendlela ehlelekile. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi u-90% wamasheya wale nkampani ngo-2010 wathenga inkampani ephethe "Lamborghini". Ngakho "Volkswagen" ngakho iyona umnikazi we studio, kodwa ngemva wamaphepha ngisho waba umnikazi esemthethweni.

Futhi omunye ukwaziswa okuthakazelisayo. VW AG ngo-2013 atholwe Russian lokuhweba Aleko (kwaba ngaphansi kwalesi TM isikhashana ithengiswe edumile "Muscovites" ezishibhile). Ilungelo lokusebenzisa igama brand futhi yimuphi logo okungewakho ukukhathazeka German kuze 2021.

nezindaba zezimali

Ngo-1991, ngo-March, ukuze nokwandisa uhlaka lwenhlangano, inkampani German usenqume ukusungula i unit yangaphakathi ezobhekana nalabo nezindaba zezimali. Wayelethwa okuthiwa Volkswagen Finanz. Ngo-1994 kwaba inkampani isitokwe ngokuhlanganyela. Lokhu yasebhange futhi isakhiwo sezimali ithola ukufinyelela okugcwele ezimakethe zezimali zomhlaba wonke, futhi ikhono lokufeza ngezimali ku ezimvunayo kakhulu. Le yunithi Ikhuluma izindaba ezibalulekile. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuthuthukiswa ekusekeleni ngezimali, ukukhiqizwa futhi ukuthengwa kwezimoto amaklayenti ezinkampani ngabanye. Futhi inikeza yasebhange, eqashisa ngamafulethi futhi umshwalense amasevisi kulaba bantu. Ngokuvamile, imisebenzi ewusizo futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu inkampani inzuzo.

Mayelana inzuzo

Futhi ambalwa amaqiniso athakazelisayo eside. Ngo-2010, VW AG ophulwa ngumuntu omningi imali, imali 57,243 euro ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezintathu! Kodwa kuzo lokhu inzuzo net kwaba 1.55 bhiliyoni kuphela. Kubonakala lincane uma liqhathaniswa izimali. Nokho, ngempela imali eningi. Ngemva ikhumbula zonke izindleko cishe 350 izinkampani. Ngoba inzuzo siqinile ngempela. Ngakho-ke, akumangalisi ukuthi "Volkswagen" iyona, inkampani abacebe owaziwa ngobukhulu.