Yini lihlukile ongumlingiswa enganekwaneni etemibhalo? Lokufanako nalokwehlukile

Literature Folk yezinganekwane basonta uhlobo olufanayo, ngakho-ke kunzima ngempela ukunquma umehluko phakathi inganekwane abantu kusukela tetemibhalo. umehluko Kubonakala ube nohlobo lelandzisako okuqukethwe yangaphakathi. Ngesisekelo iyiphi indaba inganekwane kuyinto indaba emangazayo zaso sonke isikhathi uhambo (futhi ngezinye izikhathi misadventures) ngiswa abasemqoka abazizwa, kodwa FOLKLORES ngesakhiwo kusekelwe ngendlela yendabuko, kodwa kuzo lapho elandisa etemibhalo okufushane kombhali kwesethulo.

Folk yezinganekwane

Kuze phendla umehluko izindaba etemibhalo abantu, kufanele uhlole izincazelo idatha. Folk tale - kuyinto nakumasiko lasendulo lapho, ngisho ngesimo wanezelwa, walondoloza ukumelwa kakhokho ubuhlobo zomhlaba (Nature) Human. Kukhona ngokucacile eklanywe umugqa phakathi kokuhle nokubi, kubonakala imithetho eyisisekelo zokuziphatha nezimiso zokuziphatha emphakathini wabantu, wabonisa izici abatelekile ka ubuzwe, izinkolelo kanye indlela yokuphila. Inganekwane, abantu ngokuthi, babe ngezigaba zabo:

• Magic ( "indandatho Magic", "ababili Frost", "Frost").
• Epic ( "Bulat-kwenziwe", "Vavila futhi buffoons", "Dobrynya futhi iNyoka").
• Household ( "master Uyahlupheka Futhi inceku," "Amasela nomahluleli", "kwasemini ezibizayo").
• Inamandla ( "Ivan - indodana zwe futhi Wonder Yudo," "Ivan - inkomo indodana", "Nikita Kozhemyaka").
• Satirical ( "pop Good", "Isiwula kanye birch", "Iphalishi ngembazo").

A niche ahlukene ngezigaba ethulwa hlala izinhlamvu tale evelayo izilwane ( "Amahansi-ahlanzekile agcwele izinhlanzi namahansi", "imbuzi-Dereza", "Masha kanye Bear"). ukuvela yabo ochwepheshe baxhumane imicikilisho wobuqaba wasendulo nezinkolelo.

tetemibhalo inganekwane

Ukuqhathanisa Folk nokulotshwa inganekwane, kufanele nakanjani acabangele ukuthi yokugcina sekukhona kamuva kakhulu kunezokuqala. Ngokusebenzisa ukwethulwa Ukukhanyiselwa imibono ezincwadini European, ekhulwini XVIII zikhona umlobi wokuqala ukufunda ukucutshungulwa Folk yezinganekwane, kwathi ngekhulu XIX bebelokhu esetshenziswa kabanzi wendabuko tetemibhalo inganekwane. Phakathi waphumelela kakhulu kulo mkhakha abelwe A. Hoffman, Charles Perrault, G. H. Andersen, futhi-ke, abafowethu Grimm - neyaziwayo zabuna uhlobo.

Le ukufana of etemibhalo Folk yezinganekwane zinqunywa yokuthi kuzo zombili Motifs Folk aphindaphindwe, njalo izimfanelo imilingo samanje, kodwa ukuthuthukiswa etemibhalo kwesiqinti, ukukhetha ngendlela abalingiswa abasemqoka akuvunyelwe subordinated nentando kombhali. Futhi engxenyeni the tetemibhalo inganekwane XIX leminyaka lesibili kuba eduze kakhulu tindzaba letimfisha ngisho amanoveli. Isibonelo esiyinhloko singasebenza njengesisekelo esiqinile sokufinyelela umkhiqizo abalobi Russian: A. L.Tolstoy futhi Pogorelsky futhi European: S. Lagerlef, Wilde futhi L. Carroll.

Ubude. abantu namasiko

Ukuqhathanisa izici Folk nokulotshwa inganekwane, kufanele unake okukhethekile emasikweni Folk of indaba lombhali, ngokuhlanganisa ngayo abantu:

• Abalobi ukusebenzisa imisebenzi yabo elandiswayo temdzabu izisusa (isilingo zokuziphatha futhi zokuziphatha - ukuhlolwa protagonist, khona isilwane-abasizi, umsuka eziyisimangaliso izinhlamvu, inzondo nendodakazi yakhe nosingamama, njll ...).
• Ngokwe ihlonishwe folklorist kazwelonke V Ya. Proppa, babhali labasebentisa ngayo bendabuko, ajwayelekile kusuka ebuntwaneni izithombe izinhlamvu emaphakathi abenza imisebenzi ethile (omelene, protagonist, umsizi protagonist, lokuthi, inkathazo-monkey into entshontshiwe lzhegeroy).
• Esikhathini sawo sokuphila ekudalweni isikhathi nendawo abalandisi wadala ngokuhambisana nemithetho engabhaliwe we Folk Fairy zomhlaba: endaweni - kumnandi, ngezinye izikhathi unomphela: Far Far Away umbuso, shabby ngezingodo esiqhingini Buyan , njll ...
• Ukusebenzisa izinkondlo inkulumo isibalo: mithathu ukuphindaphinda, tiphawulo njalo, ngamazwi ifomula lomdabu, izaga, Izaga.

ukunakwa okunjalo ukuba umsuka Folk emvumela ukubona isikhalo abalobi, ukuxoxa futhi ngokucacile of tetemibhalo inganekwane.

umehluko

Ukuze siqonde umahluko phakathi inganekwane abantu kusukela tetemibhalo, kufanele sinake okwakhe ifomu kanye nokuqukethwe, okuyilezi:

• Ngo indaba kombhali kuyinto evelele ingcaca, t. E. Ngo kabanzi, imininingwane kanye, okubaluleke kakhulu, elimibalabala echazwe ukubukeka, izinhlamvu, imizwa, izenzo kanye nemicimbi isikhala.
• Esikhathini tetemibhalo inganekwane kukhona Psychology, ngaphezulu ngokujulile futhi ukutadishwa emhlabeni kwangaphakathi imizwa nemizwelo kwezinhlamvu.
• Izinhlamvu ze-copyright legends kungukuthi generalized izici zobuso, abe ehlukile ngamunye nezimfanelo ezakhayo. Ngokwesibonelo, abalobi ezifana Ershov, Pushkin, Odoyevski, sinake izisusa ngokwengqondo yezenzo nezenzo namaqhawe.
• Njenganoma yimuphi umsebenzi izincwadi, zamaqhawe abalobi elinesimo evelele esitebeleni isikhundla lombhali, okuyinto enquma ithoni yayo ngokomzwelo. Ngokwesibonelo: "Le Indaba Tsar Saltan ..." - ahlanzekile, elikhanyayo, uyisicukuthwane; "I Tale of the Dead Princess and the Knights Seven" - ngomusa, mnene, udabukile; "I Tale of umPristi futhi Thim yakhe Balda" - balagurnaya idlalisa; "SikaKhisimusi Wabadobi MENHLANZI" - kuyindida, kodwa ngokudabukisayo.

Yini lihlukile ongumlingiswa enganekwaneni etemibhalo okwamanje? Iqiniso lokuthi umsebenzi kombhali ivumela umfundi ukuba aqonde ubuso umbhali, izwe lakhe elingokomoya, izinkanuko izindinganiso zokuziphatha. Lena ayisisekelo umehluko Folk ezinganekwaneni, lapho izimiso yobuhlanga ukuboniswa, kanye nesazisi ethize yemlandzi lisuswe.

Izici ezibaluleke kakhulu

Ngakho, yini lihlukile tetemibhalo inganekwane? Lesi sakamuva umsebenzi lombhali, ngokungafani lokuqala, elalingaba umphumela umsebenzi njengohulumeni a sub-uhlobo oludumile. legend Literary - it is njengenkondlo ebonisa uhlobo omisiwe eqanjiwe, futhi ethandwa - kungcono uhlobo olukhethekile abantu uhlobo, isici okuyinto kuphindza acoce ngomlomo.

Izintandokazi etemibhalo uhlobo izingane

Literary inganekwane ungomunye ohlonishwayo kakhulu tetemibhalo ezinganeni. Ngisho uhlelo esikoleni Ukufunda kuqukethe imisebenzi by pisateleyA ezinjalo. S. Pushkina, VF Odoevskogo PP Ershov, VA Zhukovsky, okuyinto afakiwe nase-Isikhwama yegolide izincwadi Russian futhi izwe izingane. Ukufundwa babo bunomthelela kumiswa okusheshayo of izethulo zokuziphatha futhi ngenxa yobuhle izingane ukuthuthukisa HORIZONS zabo etemibhalo isiko elivamile. Kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu, le misebenzi neqhaza ekuthuthukiseni amakhono zokudala, umcabango nokucabanga ababezibheka abafundi abasha.