Constellation Canis Major: Umlando kanye izinkanyezi

Nenkabazwe eningizimu ugcwele eziningi izinkanyezi bright. Canis Major - incane (okuyinto sihlukile igama), kodwa umlaza ezithakazelisa kakhulu, esemgwaqweni Nenkabazwe oseningizimu. Ukugqama kuwukuthi likhipha ukukhanya izikhathi ezingamashumi amabili namandla kunomFilisti ilanga. Ibanga ukusuka iplanethi enguMhlaba kuya Canis Major kuyinto eziyisigidi nesigamu eziyisishiyagalombili kanye light-years.

nemilaza Indawo esibhakabhakeni ebusuku

Canis uma ushayela ngelanga aliphumi okusezingeni eliphezulu emkhathizwe, ngakho-ke kungabonakala esibhakabhakeni akuyona isikhathi eside kakhulu. Nokho, lokhu offset iqiniso lokuthi ukuze uyithole esibhakabhakeni ulula. Constellation Sirius itholakala engxenyeni eseningizimu-mpumalanga, eduze kwamanye elikhanyayo kakhulu umlaza i-Orion. Enyakatho umlaza Canis Major inomngcele ngumakhelwane zibuthuntu - the Unicorn. Kutholwe ngenhla nje "Alpha Canis" - Umlaza of Procyon. Buka konke okusemandleni kusukela ngoDisemba kuya ku-January.

omakhelwane Wik

Eningizimu Sirius kukhona Dove kanye aklaba. Kulezi ezinkanyezi, ngeshwa, akukho izinkanyezi bright, ngakho ukukhonza njengezibonelo ezisezingeni ukuthola esibhakabhakeni ebusuku into ezifana umlaza Canis Major, ngeke baze bakwazi ukuwenza. Kodwa ukuthole nje esekelwe ulwazi olungenhla.

Kunezinganekwane eziningi ngokuphathelene umsuka nemilaza

Hypergiants Big Dog Star Sirius futhi wakhonza njengephayona ngesisekelo ngokudala Umlaza emhlabeni. Kunezinganekwane eziningi ngokuphathelene umsuka izibani angasuselwa ezikhathini zasendulo. Abantu babone kuwo isithombe senja ukuthi ekugcineni ngathutha nakho konke umlaza okunye. Sirius kukhulunywa ngalo abaseGibhithe, amaGreki, amaRoma, Inca, ama-Aztec, Mayans kanye Ephakathi futhi eMpumalanga Ekude izizwe. Ngo eChina yasendulo, kwakubhekwa njengento ethi "impungushe zasezulwini" okuthiwa Tien-Lang. izinkanyezi Wik babe umnsalo wakhe imicibisholo, ngawo Tien Lang wabulawa lokho yaklebhula kumbusi.

Nokho, ukuthandwa kakhulu kwaba wathola nganekwane wasendulo mayelana inkanyezi.

inganekwane sidilizwa yesiGreki Icarus

I sibonelo izinkanyezi nemilaza omhlaba wonke amaGreki asendulo ayekholelwa inja. Nokho, kukhona izinganekwane etshiyeneyo, futhi ungakwazi ukufunda okuningi ngangokunokwenzeka amabili izinkolelo-mbono umsuka Sirius.

Ngokusho inguqulo yokuqala, unkulunkulu Dionysus wanika umalusi Icaria umvini imilingo amagilebhisi ngoba uvikelekile-unkulunkulu iwayini ebusuku. Dionysus wambonisa indlela yokutshala amagilebhisi futhi wenze iwayini okumnandi. Lolu lwazi Ikari watshela bonke abantu ekuhambeni kwakhe. umalusi Elinye lawo lalise-Attica nokunambitha iwayini wenza izakhamuzi. Nokho, wayengazi ukuthi ungalokothi sebezame ukunambitheka iwayini nokunye odakiwe kakhulu. Ukunquma ukuthi Icarus wafuna ubuthi them they bathukuthela bagan 'unwabu wambulala. Ngasemuva bophezela lo cala ezishaqisayo abantu abaye balahlekelwa umsebenzi ezintabeni bangcwaba umzimba. Indodakazi umalusi wangena yokusesha kayise. Kuyinto kuphela ngokusebenzisa inja ethembekile Maira intombazane yathola indawo lapho abantu babulunga isidumbu sakhe. Ehlanyiswe yithemba, yena walengiswa emthini eliseduze.

I uthukuthele unkulunkulu Dionysus, umenzi iwayini ngokuthukuthela nangokufutheka ethunyelwe izakhamuzi Attica isifo. ngemva kweminyaka eminingi ngosizo amasiko futhi bahlabe abantu bakwazi ningixolele ezivela kuNkulunkulu.

Myra inja, umalusi Ikaria Dionysos nendodakazi yakhe posted on the sky njengoba izinkanyezi. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, kwakukhona umlaza Canis Major,-Bootes futhi Virgo.

inganekwane sidilizwa yesiGreki OREON

Enye legend yasendulo ilandisa umzingeli ngokugqamile. OREON (ngokusho kwabanye izinguqulo igama lakhe Actaeon) ngephutha wathola ukubhukuda umthombo cool likankulunkulukazi u-Arthemisi. Ngokwemvelo, lokhu kusho umfana umxhwele ubuhle waphezulu unkulunkulukazi nqunu. U-Arthemisi Uthukile waphenduka OREON abampofu inyamazane, okuyinto elinqunywe inja yakhe. Lokho sekuyinto ekugcineni-prototype ye umlaza Canis Major.

izazi zezinkanyezi zasendulo

Ngisho eGibhithe lasendulo, abapristi abaningi lamathempeli aqashwe ngeso elibukhali ekuphumeni Sirius ekuseni. Lo mcimbi eside elindelwe imakwe izikhukhula saseNayile nokuqala ehlobo (enhla nenkabazwe ehlobo). I izazi zezinkanyezi waseGibhithe lasendulo lalibizwa ngokuthi inkanyezi SOPT.

Igama ngokwayo has kwaqala yamaGreki asendulo. Igama elithi "sirios" kusho "brilliant." Nokho, amaRoma ayibiza ngokuthi inkanyezi "ukuhlaba ikhefu", okusho ukuthi "inja". Njengoba sekunama-Sirius waqala inkathi kwelanga nokushisa babulawa, izifo abasafufusa. Ngakho-ke, izikole zamaRoma kanye kwethula okuthiwa "ukuhlaba ikhefu" - ". Izinsuku inja" izinsuku ukuphumula, okuyinto empeleni elihunyushwe ngokuthi

Bangaphezu kuka-nanhlanu namakhulu emuva nesi izazi zezinkanyezi, ababhula ngezinkanyezi futhi abapristi elihlobene ne inja Sirius 'kwelanga. " Kwakuwusuku inkanyezi umlaza Canis Major amehlo esiphezulu futhi wakhonza njengephayona okuqondiswe izibikezelo eziningi nasezinkolelweni eziyize kuthanda.

izingcaphuno zomlando mayelana Sirius inkanyezi

Constellation Canis Major uKlawudiyu uPtolemy kwahlanganiswa ikhathalogi abadumile yezinkanyezi "Almagest". Kube lalibizwa Inja.

Arat imbongi, owaphila ekhulwini lesithathu leminyaka BC, ngokuthi Sirius anemibala. A eyiqaphuqaphu Cicero Roman, ubhalwe kabusha lo Arata inkondlo olimini lwesiLatini, waveza ukuthi "inja ashisayo kukhanya acekelwa phansi elibomvu-segolide, khomba ukukhanya izinkanyezi." Imbongi engumRoma uHorace iphawula ukuthi "red hot ufa Inja esifanekisweni eyisimungulu." Seneca ubuye abhale mayelana Sirius njengoba ingenye ethakazelisa kakhulu futhi engavamile isikhala izinto.

inkanyezi kabili noma izinkanyezi ezimbili?

Ubudala Sirius, ngokusho kombiko ahlukahlukene, ezisukela ezingamakhulu amabili amathathu kuya eminyakeni million amabili namashumi amahlanu. Ihamba ngesivinini cishe eziyisishiyagalombili amamitha wesibili ohlangothini sonozungezilanga ngayinye, ngakho ukukhanya okusobala Sirius ngokuhamba kwesikhathi buyaqina lapho libhekwa Earth. Namuhla, sibona ngayo elimhlophe ubuso bayo lokushisa ifinyelela degrees ayizinkulungwane eziyishumi. izazi zezinkanyezi ezingama-Arabhu, okumangalisayo ukhuluma izinkanyezi ezibomvu emihlanu kuphela, kunokuba eziyisithupha.

Isazi sezinkanyezi u-Camille Flammarion eFrance babethi ukuthi "Almagest" translation ayinembile, njengoba Cicero, uSeneca futhi Horace wasebenzisa "okubomvu okukhanyayo" emelela izincazelo zakhe senkondlo.

Nokho, kungaba bazitshela ukuthi lezi zibalo endala ayikubonanga umlaza Canis Major abomvu. izazi zezinkanyezi ezingama-Arabhu baye nje usuhlele "Almagest" ngokuhambisana umbala Sirius ekupheleni yokuqala yeminyaka AD. It ngempela kungaba ukuthi, njengoba i-emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka, ezinye izinkanyezi ukushintsha lokushisa yabo surface kanye nobuntu ayebuthaka. Yingakho Camille Flammarion wazwakalisa ukuqiniseka ukuthi ixhunywe satellite eduze kakhulu Sirius (ie, izidakamizwa ogeleza usuka ezinkulu inkanyezi ezincane).

Usosayensi German nesezinkanyezi Friedrich Vilgelmom Besselem yayiqhutshelwa kugcinwa kunyakaza kanye nokunyakaza Sirius. Ngo-1834 sasikholelwa ukuthi ukuba khona lenkanyezi kumngane. Ukuthola Esinembile salotshwa olwenziwe i-American sezinkanyezi Alvani Clark ngo-1862. Lokhu "umngane inkanyezi" wethiwa Puppy kanye negama Sirius B. engaba Its kayikhulu lincane kunelanga, kodwa isisindo ingqikithi empeleni kokubili lezi zinkanyezi okufanayo. Yini Sirius Alpha Canis kukhanya eziphindwe kazinkulungwane eziyishumi ezazilokhu namandla kunomFilisti umdlwane, okuyinto lunesibalo cishe elilodwa tonne ngayinye isentimitha cube. Lezi zimo zokuma cishe ukufanisa inkanyezi emhlophe-into encane, abaqede umjikelezo yokuziphendukela kwemvelo nezinye yancipha usayizi amaplanethi amancane.

Amaqiniso ethakazelisayo umlaza ka Canis Major

ababhula ngezinkanyezi Abaningi futhi izazi zezinkanyezi bakholelwa ukuthi izinkanyezi nomthelela ku psyche womuntu. Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo kukholakala ukuthi umlaza Canis Major, ogama izithombe kungabonwa ngenhla, lokhu kwenzani kuma-zokukhwabanisa kwemvelo futhi Paranormal, zemilingo kanye imilingo.

Ukubhekelela eningizimu Sirius, ungathola omkhulu inkanyezi cluster ngokuthi i-M41, esemgwaqweni at ibanga eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ezimbili ukukhanya okuvela yesimiso sethu sonozungezilanga. NGC 2362 - omunye cluster ezithakazelisayo, okuhlanganisa eziningi izinkanyezi. lonyaka waKhe - esingaphezudlwana kweminyaka eyisigidi. Ukuminyana ngaphansi kwegama Small Isidleke futhi ethakazelisa kakhulu ukufunda futhi linenqwaba izinkanyezi ngisho nedlanzana imidondoshiya abomvu.

Ngo umlaza ka Canis Major ingenye "super" co-Star - Vy Canis Majoris. It hypergiants ngezindinganiso astronomy yesimanje. Ubukhulu bayo - cishe amayunithi ezimbili yezinkanyezi, okuyinto yizigidi eziyizinkulungwane amathathu amakhilomitha. Kuyinto izikhathi eziyinkulungwane namakhulu amabili njengengcebo enkulu kunemicebo ububanzi ilanga. Ngeshwa, ngenxa kwabantu eliphansi kakhulu ukunquma ububanzi okunembile inkanyezi akunakwenzeka. Uma ubeka Vy Canis Majoris endaweni ukwakheka kwelanga lethu, lokhu giant izothatha indawo wonke amaplanethi kanye Saturn. Vy ukala angamakhulu amane solar, lokhu kusho ukuthi hypergiants has a umkhathi rarefied kakhulu.