Nosimende 120mm: izici (isithombe)

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi kule minyaka yamuva, nezempi iye kakhulu ethuthukisiwe, izikhali nosimende namanje isikhali esiyinhloko iyiphi Abezempi. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukuthuthukiswa yalezi zikhali developers bakwazile ukuhlanganisa kahle eliphezulu nge ongaphakeme labadubuli izindleko. Lokhu isikhali is kangcono ukunikeza ukusekela ngomlilo elihamba, ikakhulukazi ezimweni lapho yayibambene khona ngezihluthu zenzeke ezindaweni ezikude ngesimo sezwe nzima.

izinhlobo ezigqulweni

Ethandwa kakhulu embonini lempi wathola 120 mm imodeli nosimende 1943 ngokuthi PM-43, ngesisekelo okuyinto inqwaba zesimanje zenzelwe:

• 2B11 - version standard;
• 2B24 - ukuguqulwa yasekhaya kakhulu kunabantu firepower izinkomba zonke nozakwabo amazwe;
  2V11 - ukuguqulwa ilayisensi akhiqizwa Bulgaria;
• 2S12 - iqoqo esigqulweni, ngokuthi "Sani". umshini wayo wokwakha emelelwa 2F510 (GAS-66 imoto), okuyinto zithutha ukufakwa, nesondo jika 2L81, ukusetshenziswa ngezimbobo okufushane 2B11 nosimende;
• 2K32 - 2B24 ekilasini nosimende kuyinto ngesisekelo i armored zilandelwa;
• 2B25 - esetshenziswa amayunithi ekhethekile. It kunezinzuzo eziningana, ukuvumela ukwenza ukuhlaselwa lapho isitha akakwazi ukunquma indawo ukufakwa, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukuze uyisuse. Okuningi kukhishelwa e samuntu "Komandos" lahlukene 3 km nge isisindo ingqikithi isakhiwo, esingeqile 12 kg.

Ukusetshenziswa 2B11

Kuleso simo, uma ufuna ukubhubhisa noma wokufihla umlilo lwalugobile noma ukunyakaza elihamba ukulwa isitha amabutho, esigqulweni 120 mm, izimfanelo okuyinto ngokugcwele ukuhlangabezana nezidingo kushiwo, iyoba ithuluzi esisemqoka. Kulesi ensimini kwesicelo ke wehlukile kakhulu. Ingasetshenziselwa ngoba idilize i-emithambekeni emaweni, izintaba, zigodi nasemahlathini. kusetshenziswa ngempumelelo kukho ukubhubha imisele isitha, emiseleni ayecashe kuyo futhi ahlukahlukene ukufaka lempi ukwakhiwa ukukhanya. Uma kudingeka, ingasetshenziswa ukwenza izimbobo ngocingo oluhlabayo, noma ukuze kuxoshwe ekuhlaseleni isitha nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.

izinhlobonhlobo Main imiz 120 mm elisetshenziswa 2B11

Ukusebenza, okuyinto kwafinyelela 120 mm esigqulweni, izimfanelo okuyinto unikezwa okubhekwe abantu 5, eminyakeni yamuva iye ngcono kakhulu CRI "Petrel". Manje wokwakha uthuthwa izimoto URAL-43206 futhi armored zilandelwa MT-LB, okuvumela nezisebenzi ukuqinisekisa mfanekiso ukuvikela okukhulu.

Ukhiye ezimayini esetshenziswa:

• ephezulu alufakwa nesisindo 15.9 kg;
• incendiary;
• intuthu;
• ukukhanyisa;
• ukuyaluza.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ufuna ukuchitha ku into, uma kunesidingo, thatha isikhundla labadubuli, kuba imizuzu 8, futhi ukushiya ke, kuzodingeka ukuthi ukuchitha imizuzu engu-6.

Qala ukukhiqizwa izigqulo yesimanje

Standard 120 mm esigqulweni, izici ukusebenza okuncike ngokuphelele isampula yokuqala kusukela eMkhandlwini Wesibili neMpi Yezwe, yanyatheliswa ngo-1979 e-Central Scientific Research Institute "Burevesnik" (Nizhny Novgorod, Russia). Wathola igama 2B11 futhi omi izingalo ngo-1981, waqala mass-kukhiqizwa ngesikhathi isitshalo Motovilikhinsky inkampani 'lo "msebenzi eyakhishwa mayelana 1,500 nosimende amagobolondo yalolu hlobo.

Iinsetjenziswa nosimende 2B11

Eqinisweni, nosimende 120 mm - recoilless isakhiwo kudivayisi esungulwe usebenzisa bipod futhi breech yesihlanu ebhekisela ipuleti eqinile. It ukhonza njengelungu ukwesekwa, okumele ibekwe ngqo emhlabathini. Kusukela ukushaja wenziwa kuphela ngokusebenzisa umgqomo, futhi ukulwa izimo can ubeke uphawu, njengoba ibhekene namacala double, olokuqala okuzokwenza ukuxuba wesibili, okwabangela ukuqubuka le ukuqhuma ngqo nomlomo esigqulweni, izinguqulo eziningi 2B11 esasizithole eMihlanganweni nomlomo indlela ekhethekile yokuvimbela mphumela kanti ngenxa yalokho - Ukuthola ezungeze ukulimala okukhulu.

Kuqhathaniswa imodeli 1943 nosimende 120 mm, izici eziye wathola izinguquko eziphawulekayo, umlingisi we ngezinto zokwakha zesimanje, kakhulu lula ukwakhiwa yayo nezinto zokuhamba. Ukwakheka kwaba ifakwe imodeli iso 44M-MPM, inikeza ukunemba esiphezulu a hit esifundeni 480 kuya 7100 m. Uma wayefisa MPM-44 kungenziwa landa ngamaphesenti angaphezu kuka-2 °, uhlinzeka emkhakheni buka kunangendlela 9 °.

Okubaluleke nakakhulu kwaba ikhono ukudlulisa nodaka 120 mm, isithombe okuyinto abekwe ngezansi, otholakala endaweni efakwe ngemizuzu engaphansi kuka-2, okuyinto kakhulu konga isikhathi ku umsebenzi shot ezimweni kusenjalo yizitha.

Esimweni lapho isicelo 2B11 wenziwa endaweni lapho imoto ngeke adlule 2F510, nosimende igibele ngqo chassis abakhasi, lula kakhulu amathuluzi ezokuthutha.

Nosimende TTX 120 mm

Nosimende 2B11 ingasetshenziswa izinhlobo ezahlukene umlilo imiz nge ubukhulu 120 mm. Lesi sigaba kuhlanganisa ngisho ephethwe ezimayini isigaba KM-8 "umphetho", isivele leli qiniso kungaba kahle ukwahlulela ukusebenza ukulwa, elibonisa 120 mm nodaka. Izibuyekezo lokhu isibhamu lempi onganquma okufanele ukwenze futhi izinga eliphelele senhlobo labadubuli, okuyinto mayelana 7500 m at icala evamile.

Ingqikithi yesisindo kubo bonke ukuhlela kabusha, kuhlanganise ngokuqondile 2B11, kwaba 210 kg, ukunika amandla ukuze likhiqize izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-15 isibhamu ngomzuzu nge kokuqala icala rate okungenani 325 m / c. emgqonyeni isakhiwo ubude 1740 mm inikeza mpo isiqondiso engeli uhla kusuka + 45 ° ukuze + 80 °. ngaleyo ndlela izinkomba ovundlile ehla enyuka phakathi ± 5 °, nokugcina indices obonayo 360 ° engela ngomlilo ovundlile kusuka 5 ° 26 °.

idatha eyisisekelo

Nosimende 120 mm, lo engaba okuyinto ekubhujisweni ngesikhathi kokudubula okwami elawulwa ifinyelela 9000 m, iyona kuyithuluzi eliphumelela kakhulu abacindezela ayebulawe amabutho kanye nekhava ukunyakaza elihamba amayunithi.

Ukudubula kwenziwa imizuliswano nosimende nge fuses ekilasini GVMZ-7 futhi ukushaja onhlobonhlobo. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi 2F510 umshini (GAS-66 imoto) nge V emise eziyisishiyagalombili cylinder, okuyinto zithutha 2B11, bangafeza naye kuphela ngokuqinile kuchazwe reserve kwenkokhiso 24 itholakala ikesi. Ammunition yakhelwe ukusebenza 48 isibhamu olungenza nosimende 120 mm. Izimpawu amadivayisi uvumele ukwenza yokulayisha athula ka 2B11 ukuze umzimba imoto ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imishini esindayo.

Esimeni sabantu ukuba bafeze lo inqubo nganoma yisiphi isizathu-ke alanele, nosimende uthuthwa donsa. Ngakho 2F510 uphethiloli injini ingaphansi ekilasini ZMZ-66-06, okuyinto umthamo 120 amalitha. a. Kulesi simo isivinini ovumelekile ukunyakazisa track 90 km / h.

Esimweni lapho imoto nge ukufakwa nosimende kumelwe azinqobe ezibukweni emfuleni, kubalulekile ukwenza izilinganiso zokukwazi ukudlula ejwayelekile umshini. Engxenyeni kwangempela esiphezulu ovumelekile izinga lamanzi akufanele idlule 1 m.

Uhlelo ukubopha ifakwe drive wokubacindezela nge izihibe eziningi futhi yokukhulisa umsindo gidrovakkuumnymi ku ngamunye wabo. La maphuzu enza kube kungenzeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka ezokuthutha 2B11 ngisho nangaphansi kwezimo ensimini nokhahlo. Ukuba buthaka kuphela 2F510 luncike poliellipticheskih ukumiswa iziphethu ngenxa yokushaqeka ezidayiswayo.

Amathemba 2B11

Okwamanje, onjiniyela zimatasa ukwakha isithombe esisha isethi esinobunye 120 mm nosimende 2B11, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ububanzi design esiphezulu nge ezishintshayo egcwele ukulungiselela kwenkampani iphinde idilize Temphi Letitichumane siyiswe ngokunembile eqondiswa.

Izinketho nosimende kuzoya kakhulu ngokuthi yikuphi kuyoba esithwele yayo umthamo kanye Ubukhulu. Kulokhu, uhlelo lula sidalwe ngomhlaka- ukwesekwa hydropneumatic ehleliwe ukubekwa isigaba chassis "Tiger" futhi Iveco, okuzodingeka nomthelela hhayi kuphela zokuthutha, kodwa futhi lula ukusetshenziswa. Kuhlelwe ngakho ngcono inguqulo akhona ukuthi ukuhlaselwa umlilo oyokwenziwa ngaphandle umsindo, umlilo, nomusi obuhambisana ingacaci.

ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo imifanekiso entsha kanye ngcono nosimende izinhlelo ezikhona isekela isilinganiso njalo eliphezulu Russia emkhakheni umkhakha ezempi kanye isimo inikeza yezindawo zokuqala emhlabeni.