Diorama "Sevastopol '. Ummeli nobuqhawe Sevastopol. Diorama "Sevastopol ': kanjani ukuba uthole

I diorama ngokuthi "Storm of Sapun Intaba 7 Meyi 1944" Kuyinto igatsha eNational Museum of ukuzivikela zobuqhawe kukhululwa kwebantfu Sevastopol. Kuyinto km 12 ukusuka edolobheni.

enza Diorama (Sevastopol) Kanjani? Kanjani ukuze uwufinyelele?

Impahla elisoGwini Mount Sapun. Ungakwazi ukufinyelela lesikhumbuzo kusukela ibhasi Malakhov. Ivula amahora: nsuku zonke kusuka 9:00 kuya ku 17:00, ngaphandle ngeMisombuluko. Ticket ehhovisi ivulwa kuze kushaye 16:30. Esikhathini kusuka July kuya ku-August, lapho izinkulungwane zezivakashi ukuhamba ukuze Sevastopol, Diorama, isithombe ukuthi okusesihlokweni esithi, ivuliwe nsuku zonke kusuka 9:00 kuya 17:30. Thenga ithikithi ehhovisi ibhokisi lingafika ku 17:00.

Imicimbi zomlando edlule

Of 1941-1942. - isikhathi wadlula nobuqhawe ukuvikela Sevastopol. Umuzi yakhululwa ngo-May 1944 waphenduka yabambana ngezihluthu eNtabeni Sapun. Kuze kube manje, le ndawo egcina landscape zomlando izenzakalo. Ngisho nanamuhla iminonjana amasosha bemba imigodi yesisekelo kanye ngaseziseleni kukhona ezihluke, yesikhathi eside amaphuzu ukuzivikela, imigodi yezintaba-mlilo ezijulile amabhomu neziqhumane, embozwe obuluhlaza fresh. ENtabeni Sapun bathola isiphephelo sabo nezikhumbuzo eziningi kanye izikhumbuzo ukuthi ayingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi yesikhumbuzo ezithinta isizwe, anikezelwe izenzakalo ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe. Itshe lesikhumbuzo lokuqala yokudumisa Bakhululi ka Sevastopol efakiwe lapha abakhi lempi nabakhi entwasahlobo ka-1944 ngesicelo ingqalabutho wokugubha 15 yokukhululwa emzini abahlaseli amaNazi lesikhumbuzo enhle yadalwa - the diorama. Ulwela Sevastopol - inkomba yokuthi isibindi Isibindi amasosha aseSoviet. Imemori lokhu bazosala emlandweni waleli zwe kuze kube phakade.

Ukudala Iculo

umsebenzi loMkhandlu ngokubhala kuyikhono-ucezu wathola eMoscow studio abaculi lempi. MB Grekov. umsebenzi Executive waqala ngo-1958, ithimba lokudala PT Maltceva, lapho zifakwe NS Prisekin futhi GI Marchenko. Ukudala imisebenzi ongokoqobo ngokulinganiselwa inkosi ezobuciko wahlangana kubahlanganyeli izimpi eNtabeni Sapun, uzifunde ngokucophelela izenzakalo ngalezo zikhathi, wenza eziningi imidwebo, imidwebo kanye imidwebo isimo sezwe. Ukwakha okwenyanga usayizi ngendwangu 5.5 x 25.2 m futhi phambi uhlelo into endaweni ingqikithi 83 sq. m. I abaculi wathatha 7 izinyanga.

Diorama (Sevastopol) sivulwe ngoNovemba 4th ka 1959, waba ukwakheka lokuqala usayizi enkulu kangaka, lapho zonke ake asebenza kuzo amakhosi yaseSoviet yokuthuthela buciko. abalobi wayo wafuna ukudlulisa ukugcwala esiphezulu we okwangempela zezenzakalo ezichazwe. Ukuze izibalo lokhu abantu zalotshwa ekukhuleni angokwemvelo, futhi phambili uhlelo neziqinile yakhiwa imishini eyiqiniso, imifaniswano, izikhali, izingcezu izakhiwo ubunjiniyela, eqoqwe ababevela empini. On ngendwangu diorama okubonisa nezigigaba eziningi amasosha ngempela ababa nesandla ekumeleleni Sevastopol. Ukuba ngibanike ngomfanekiso portrait, abaculi elisetshenziswa izithombe documentary. Futhi lathatha imodeli umculi nge ukubukeka efanayo noma ngisho namaqhawe ngokwabo otgremevshego impi.

eziyinkimbinkimbi Memorial

Diorama (Sevastopol) elise isakhiwo phezulu Sapun Intaba, nje lapho lezi zenzakalo ezichazwe wenzeka. Kusukela emphemeni, esisogwini ezingaphandle kwesakhiwo, inikeza izivakashi uhlobo ajwayelekile sendawo ethunjwa umculi ku-canvas. Esitezi, ukuhlola ebabazekayo Ukwakheka amehlo izivakashi, emnyuziyamu embukisweni esiyingqayizivele onesihloko esithi "Sevastopol phakathi neMpi Yezwe II."

Eceleni isakhiwo ungabona omunye ingxenye ebalulekile eziyinkimbinkimbi yesikhumbuzo. Lapha izivakashi uzobona kuvulwa lo mbukiso eziphathelene nezempi, okuyinto ezimpini langempela. Diorama (Sebastopol) lizungezwe amathangi, yemikhumbi yempi ensimini wezikhali, anti-aircraft nezibhamu self ezinezinjini, kanye Guards abadumile izigqulo "Katyusha". Isici esivelele eyinkimbinkimbi ayisikhumbuzo "Sapun Intaba" kubhekwa Obelisk Inkazimulo imitha 28-okusezingeni eliphezulu, esinqeni okuyinto kusukela 1970 njalo ovuthayo ilangabi okuphakade.

Umdwebo "Ukuvikela Sevastopol '

Ngesikhathi sempi futhi ngemva kwezikhathi zokulotshwa impi iye yaba khona imisebenzi eminingi yokudumisa ukumehlula wobushiqela, ukuzoqhubekisela inkumbulo amasosha liwile. Diorama (Sebastopol) ingenye yesikhumbuzo ngobukhulu anikezelwe izenzakalo 1941-1945. Izingcweti eziningi futhi ukuboniswa emidwebweni yakhe izinsalela ukuthi mpi esabekayo.

umdwebi Ezivelele Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Deyneka wabhala: "art Omkhulu okuzelwe ngenxa umuzwa wemvelo esikhulu, futhi kungaba hhayi kuphela fun, kodwa futhi intukuthelo." Ukuthi imizwa enjalo - inzondo ejulile futhi intukuthelo ekufezeni isitha - ukuphefumula ngokudweba "Ukuvikela Sevastopol 'futhi" On emaphethelweni eMoscow, "ebhalwe ngesikhathi seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili. Lokhu kuphambene ngokuphelele yemisebenzi yakhe ngaphambili, benamandla ngomdlandla, injabulo samaholide zokuphumelela intuthuko Soviet zobuchwepheshe, bekholelwa ingqondo enempilo nomzimba futhi ngomqondo ophelele yokuthula. "Ukuvikela Sevastopol '- abadumile ucezu AA Deineka, abhalwe eMoscow ngo-1942 Njengamanje, ngendwangu umelwe e Russian Museum Petersburg.

Imininingwane zomlando

Ngokusekelwe idatha zomlando, kungaba bazitshela ukuthi AA isithombe Dejneka okubonisa izenzakalo yokuwa Sevastopol ngo-1941, ngoba kulo nyaka esikhathini kusuka Okthoba 30 kuya ku-November 21, amaNazi sebefeze lokushaya lokuqala kuleli dolobha. izimpi Okokuqala zalwelwa ku izindlela ezikude yokusondela Sevastopol, November 2 ukuhlaselwa kwaqala inqaba ukuzivikela. Njengoba Army emzini ayisekho, ukuvikela Sevastopol wathatha asemanzini we Black Sea Fleet, amayunithi angawodwana usebenzisa imikhumbi ukwesekwa umlilo. Le mpi yathatha ingxenye futhi ogwini amabhethri.

izenzakalo ezisemfanekisweni

Phakathi ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe by ibutho lamaJalimane kwenziwa 3 imizamo ukuthatha Sebastopol. Le mpi lokugcina edolobheni yaphela ngo-July 9, 1942 Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi isithombe ukuboniswa AA Deineka, akuyona esinembile ngempela, ku kwaleli chibi ka Sevastopol efakwe amakhulu kulwa. Umbhali ephethwe kudlulisa ubuqhawe isosha on ngendwangu ukubonakaliswa kwamandla okukhulu Marines abaye bazidela ezimpilweni zabo ukuze ivikele lo muzi.

incazelo

Ukudala mdwebo "Ukuvikela Sevastopol ', umculi utshela izilaleli kwakubonakala sad, umlando ngesihluku. Kuyo, uchaza impi zenzeka phezu kwaleli chibi, lapho amatilosi Soviet akusibekele emaphethelweni iyunithi isitha edolobheni. Kude umuntu angabona amanxiwa izindlu wema, azungeze umlilo ovuthayo. Phambili kulesi sithombe kunesonto, Umdwebo okubonisa itilosi alimele, ungawujikijeli kweqembu amabhomu. ubuso bakhe ngokuzimisela futhi engesabi, izandla enwetshiwe ngokucijile eya ohlangothini, imilenze ububanzi ngaphandle. Pose itilosi simelela sonke inaccessibility, ukuzinikezela nokuzimisela ukumisa isitha kumnyama kubomvu. Ukunikeza isithombe esinembile, AA Dejneka kuchazwa oqavile kwesesosha nge shift kuze kube sohlangothini lwesokhohlo, ngaleyo ndlela kokushiya isikhala okwesikhathi amabhomu indiza. Ngokobukhulu umuntu enza nokujikijela kwekugcina kulinga, enikeza yonke amandla kanye nokusungulwa okukhulu. Ukuze udlulisele groznosti nokucindezelwa esondela amabutho esitha umbhali usebenzisa kakhulu indlela ekhethekile - ababambelela ashaya bladed kwezibhamu.

Akwenzekanga ngephutha ukuthi umculi ubonisa isosha amanga imilenze undlovukayiphikiswa uhlasela lincane uma liqhathaniswa umlingiswa oyinhloko webhayisikobho isithombe. Ngakho Dejneka sikhombisa ubuthakathaka futhi singenamandla e ubuso isitha ibutho laseSoviet. Umdwebo "Ukuvikela Sevastopol '- akuyona nje ukudlala iziqephu imisebenzi yezempi, futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke isithombe ongokomfanekiso ukushayisana zamaqhawe zaseSoviet ezinde ezimhlophe, siphethe emnyama, cishe azikubheki abahlaseli mass. ngendwangu Deineki njengoba imisebenzi yezinye izingcweti eziningi, immortalized inkumbulo amaqhawe kweMpi Yezwe II, ngekubamba lichaza izimpi abanolaka and anikela ngokuphila kwawo ngenxa inkululeko yezwe labo.