KumiswaIsayensi

Ingabe Sherlock Holmes indlela deductive esetshenziswa?

iqhawe Literary Conan Doyle - umphenyi brilliant Sherlock Holmes - eningi futhi ukhuluma kabanzi bakhe indlela yokudonsa. Futhi lokho, uJesu wayevame ubeka abafundi ngendlela alley abayizimpumputhe, ujwayelene nemiqondo eyisisekelo logic. Phela ukucabanga deductive - lesi siphetho, okuholela kusukela jikelele kuya ethile. Isibonelo elula yalesi agumenti: siyaliqaphela amandla Luhambo Zomhlaba; Thina ube nomqondo othile ngokuthi amanzi uwela phansi, hhayi odlula phezulu; ngokuphindaphindiwe waphawula amanzi iconsi inqubo. Lezi jikelele ithumela lisenze sikwazi ngokunengqondo ukucabanga ukuthi libukeka Niagara Falls (yangasese), nakuba asikaze sibone.

Kodwa sonke siyazi Sherlock Holmes isebenzisa izinhlobo ezihlukene kakhulu iziphetho, kunalokho, ezaziwa ngokuthi lokungeniswa, okungukuthi, emqansweni kusukela ngokukhethekile jikelele. Udaka izicathulo umphenyi kuphetha elafika abantu abasezindaweni ezisemakhaya, nezimagqabhagqabha tags izicathulo ukuthi aphethe amabhuzu - hhayi umuntu othile onothileyo, kodwa nangokunamathela aphume ephaketheni kwamathikithi ujantshi ephetha ngokuthi kungcono Safika eLondon ngesitimela. Ngo umphenyi yakhe edumile ubugebengu ukuxazulula labetibambile neketanga esiyimbangela: nomlotha ugwayi - obhemayo - izisusa zakhe - ubunikazi obhemayo. Futhi ukuphela ukwenza isiphetho: esigebengwini - Mr X Endabeni nokudoswa eziyihlazo Holmes wacabanga izohamba ngendlela ehluke ngokuphelele: uMnu X kuyafana lowo omonile, kuyilapho abanye abantu zameshennye kuleli cala, ayikho. esidlule yakhe emnyama. Wayefanele ngesisusa ukubulala isisulu. Ngesikhathi secala akanasabelo alibi. Ngakho-ke, wena obulala - Mnu X.

Ngakho yini indlela deductive elisetshenziswa inqubo ukuxazulula ubugebengu Holmes? Ekuqaleni, kubonakala sengathi ngesisekelo ngisho nasemininingwaneni emincane, lapho idale yesehlakalo sengathi kabusha zamisa phambi kwakhe. Ngokwesibonelo, endabeni lokwebiwa imicebo Agra: ku umzila we izinyawo kancane nge ophumile iminwe umphenyi uyabona ukuthi indoda owashiya yakhe, mude kakhulu, futhi ungalokothi egqoka izicathulo. Enye ukuzikhandla ngokwengqondo, futhi lokho wena, imbangela - a elibhekwa njengabaThwa kusukela le Andaman Islands.

Kunengqondo ukuphetha ngokuthi kukhona lokungeniswa net - ukunyukela kusukela ngokukhethekile jikelele (ubufakazi kusukela oyimfihlo isithombe mazombe seragelo ubugebengu). Nakuba indlela deductive - ekwehleleni kusukela jikelele kuya ethile. Kodwa eqinisweni awaphikisani lapha. Holmes uthi: "Kukho konke ukuphila - ungaphazanyiswa esiyimbangela uchungechunge, kodwa ubunjalo lesi sifunda singazihlolela omunye izixhumanisi zalo kuphela." Khumbula isibonelo amanzi futhi Niagara Falls? Nanti elinye lesisho ezibalulekile ezivela Conan Doyle, lapho iqhawe etemibhalo uthi indlela yakhe: "Wonke amacala ukukhombisa ziyezwana ezinkulu. Bona (-ejenti Scotland Yard) lingazise izimo endabeni ethile. Ukwazi imininingwane amacala 1000, kuyoba ongaziwa hhayi ukwembula 1,001th ".

Ngakho, Holmes indlela deductive kusikisela ulwazi mayelana amacala eyisisekelo (isb, nokubulala, nokweba, manga). Ukubulala kwakhe ihlukaniswa ngokweminyaka "uhlu lozalo" lokubulala aphume umhawu, ngoba inzuzo, impindiselo, njll Kamuva kuvela ukuthi ukubulala ukuze ifa iNkosana futhi abazibulala ngenxa oluphethe ifa Esquire, futhi, kufanele imininingwane yabo, njalo njalo, kuze kube ngisho nomniningwane omncane. Detective, kodwa, kunalokho, umlobi, njengoba eyiNgisi, nokuba umbono walesi siqhingi (ie Kusolwa ngokuthi iBritish Isles) icala umthetho, esekelwe yokuthi entsha, hhayi okwamanje wakuveza ubugebengu kwadingeka kube yisibonelo sokulandelwa esikhathini esidlule, futhi kubalulekile ngokumane lokhu kuhlangana fomu.

Asikwazi ukusho ngokuqiniseka ukuthi, naphezu lokungeniswa zangaphandle, Holmes iyona ndlela deductive asizakale izibalo okunengqondo. Ukudlala i-violin noma ukubhema umlilo, umphenyi brilliant ecabanga: indlela ngetigaba ubugebengu ethile? Ukuziphindiselela? Umona? Ukuhaha? Sherlock uyayilahla yonke okungalungile njengoba ukuhlunga ukolweni emakhobeni, kodwa hhayi kuphela ulungise okusanhlamvu izohlala ezandleni zakhe. Futhi mayelana indlela yakhe ethi: "Mina sizishaye indiva zonke kwamandla ethu, lokho okusele - iyona impendulo yombuzo othi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kumnandi okungase kubonakale ngayo."

Similar articles

 

 

 

 

Trending Now

 

 

 

 

Newest

Copyright © 2018 zu.unansea.com. Theme powered by WordPress.