Ingubo yezandla zeKharkov: umlando, incazelo, incazelo

Isigqoko sezingalo zeKharkov yisona sici esiyinhloko soguquko lwe-capital yokuqala yase-Ukraine. Ukubukeka kwawo kwanamuhla kwakuvunyelwe nini? Yini ekhonjisiwe kuwo nokuthi ingubo yezikhali ishintshile kangaki? Izimpendulo zale mibuzo zingatholakala esihlokweni sethu.

I-Kharkov (Ukraine): incazelo ejwayelekile yedolobha

Lo muzi uvame ukubizwa ngokuthi "inhloko-dolobha yokuqala" yase-Ukraine. Ngempela, uKharkiv wadlala indima kabili emlandweni wayo, kodwa ngokuphathelene ne-SSR yase-Ukraine: kusukela ngo-1919 kuya ku-1934, futhi ngo-1943 (okwesikhashana). Uyini umuzi namuhla?

I-Kharkov (Ukraine) yiyona ndawo enkulu kakhulu yezimboni nezesayensi, idolobha elikhulu kunazo zonke kuleli zwe. Kuze kube manje, kuphila okungenani abantu abayizigidi ezilodwa nesigamu.

Umuzi wasungulwa ngo-1654 endaweni yesakhiwo esidala saseRusys sekhulu le-11. I-Kharkov ezinsukwini zethu yiyona ndawo ebaluleke kunazo zonke isikhungo sezimboni se-Ukraine, lapho kubakhiwe khona amathangi nama-turbine. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo muzi uqobo "ufundisiwe" kuleli lizwe: kunezikhungo ezingu-142 zokucwaninga namayunivesithi angu-45, lapho abafundi abangaba ngu-220 000 bafunda khona.

I-Kharkov itholakala e-Eastern Ukraine, amakhilomitha angu-25 ukusuka emngceleni waseRussia-Ukraine. Ngemigomo ye-orographic, itholakala ngaphakathi kwe-Central Central Upland yaseRussia (ukuphakama okuphelele komuzi kungamamitha angu-134).

Idolobha iyimakethe enkulu kakhulu eMpumalanga Yurophu (i-Barabashova) nendawo yokulala (Saltovka). I-Kharkov iphinde iyithakazelise ngoba yakhiqiza i-Ukraine kanye neRashiya ngamagama anjengokuthi "i-trempel", i- "gundelik" (ubhiya bhala), i- "ampoule", "inyoka" (i-clasp in izingubo), "u" (ukungena) Abanye abanye.

Ngempela, idolobha linemifanekiso yalo esemthethweni: ifulegi kanye nengubo yezingalo. Kulesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngalokhu okulandelayo. Ingubo yezandla zaseKharkov - iyini futhi kusho ukuthini?

Umlando wesigodi saseKharkov

Phakathi nomlando wokuhlala komuzi, ingubo yezikhali zaseKharkov yashintsha izikhathi eziyisithupha. Eyokuqala yawo ibuyele emuva ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XVII, lesi sivumelwano samukelwa ngo-1995. Futhi inguqulo yokugcina (yesithupha) ifana nesesibili nesine.

Ngokuqinisekile akekho owaziyo ukuthi ijazi lokuqala lezingalo zomuzi lalibukeka kanjani. Kunolwazi kuphela oluveze umnsalo ongenhla yegolide. Kodwa yikuphi ukuqondiswa kwakhe, futhi kanjani ukuqina kwezintambo zakhe kwasulwa - awaziwa. Kodwa esigqokeni sesibili samadolobha (kusukela ngo-1775 kuya ku-1878) kukhona kakade i-caduceus ne-cornucopia-izimpawu ezifanayo ezikhona kuso futhi manje.

Ingubo yesithathu yezingalo zeKharkov yayihlotshiswe ngekhanda elimnyama lehhashi, kanti okwesine i- cornucopia kanye ne-caduceus babuyiselwa futhi. I-Cardinally yashintsha ubuso bomfanekiso omkhulu womuzi ngesikhathi sobuSoviet. Ngakho-ke, izakhi ezintsha zavela kuwo: i-cogwheel (uphawu lwemboni), indlebe kakolweni (uphawu lwezolimo nokuchuma), kanye nemikhawulo emithathu ngamakhamoni (kwakungososayensi baseKharkov abaqala ukuhlukanisa i-athomu).

Incazelo yengubo yesimanje yesandla seKharkov

NgoSeptemba 14, 1995 ingubo yezingalo zeKharkiv yamukelwa ngendlela yayo yanamuhla. Kwakuyimpawu eyamukelwa ngo-1775, kodwa ekusetshenzisweni komshini we-S.A. Didenko.

Enhliziyweni yengubo yezingalo - isihlangu sesiFulentshi esikhombisayo, esho ngezansi, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ophuzi. Esikhundleni se-diagonal eziyisikhombisa eziyisikhumba kukhona izibalo ezisemqoka - i-caduceus yegolide, enezinyoka ezimbili zesiliva, futhi i-cornucopia igcwele izithelo (ama-apula, amapheya, ama-apricot, ama-plums namagilebhisi).

Ingubo ye-Kharkiv yezingalo: inani

Njengoba sekushiwo ngenhla, uphawu oluyinhloko lomuzi lweKharkov luboniswa njenge-caduceus - umlinganiso wenkulunkulu uHermes (umphathiswa wezohwebo), kanye ne-cornucopia ibonisa ukuchuma. Umbala wesizinda esiluhlaza isihlangu sibonisa inhlalakahle ye-herald kanye nethemba lekusasa eliqhakazile.

Kodwa kanjani ukuchaza inhlanganisela yalezi zici ezimbili ezembatho zempi zomuzi? Iyini incazelo yalokhu efihliwe?

Uma ungena emlandweni wamaGreki, kwakungunkulunkulu kaZeyus owayondliwe ngophondo luka-Amalfa. Ngakho-ke, ngokwezinkolelo zamaGreki asendulo, uphondo olungcwele lwezinto eziningi lunento ehambisana nesembatho sethu sokubheka-self-tattoo - lanikeza umnikazi wayo onenhlanhla konke angayifisa.

I-Caduceus iyinduku yenkulunkulu wokuhweba nokuhamba kweHermes. Kodwa-ke, uthathwa njengobunkulunkulu be-archaic, okungukuthi, owake waba khona isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuba afakwe emphakathini we-Olympus. Futhi ngalezo zesikhathi zakudala uHermesi wayengunkulunkulu wolwazi nokukhanya okungcwele.

Ngakho, ijazi lezikhali zedolobha laseKharkov liqukethe izimpawu ezimbili zasendulo. Futhi inhlanganisela yabo ibonisa isifiso somuzi ukufeza ukuchuma nokuchuma ngokusebenzisa isayensi nokukhanya.

Amanye amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo ngejazi lezandla laseKharkov

Okokugcina, amanye amaqiniso athakazelisayo mayelana nomfanekiso omkhulu womuzi waseKharkov:

• I-intersection ye-caduceus ne-cornucopia isinikeza incwadi ethi "X" - owokuqala egameni lomuzi;
• Ngo-2010 ijaji lezingubo zedolobha lashintshwa kancane, ikakhulukazi, izithelo ezintsha zanezelwa kwi-cornucopia - ama-apricot;
• Isigqoko sezingalo zedolobha laseRussia lase-Ulan-Ude cishe lilingana nelokwaKharkiv;
• Zonke izingubo zomlando ze-Kharkov zingabonakala odongeni lomgwaqo ongaphansi komhlaba wesiteshi sesitimela esithi "Historical Museum";
• I-caduceus emilenzeni imelela ukhiye ovala umnyango phakathi kokuhle nokubi.