Iqhaza izilwane nemvelo

Izitshalo kukhona isisekelo lwezinto eziphilayo emhlabeni. Bona secrete izinto ezihlukahlukene imvelo organic, okuyinto akhiwa phezu ukumuncwa nosawoti amaminerali kanye namanzi, isikhutha kwelanga amandla. Yiqiniso, ukubaluleka izitshalo ngokwemvelo mkhulu kungcono ukudla ezincelisayo, naphakathi umthombo oxygen. Futhi iyini indima izilwane nemvelo? Izilwane ezincelisayo yizona hhayi ingxenye encane endalo, lawo ibusa izinto yizimila. Omunye wemisebenzi eyinhloko izilwane endaweni yemvelo - iwukuhlanganyela nokusakazwa izinto, ngaphandle kulo wahluleka basinde yimuphi umzimba Emhlabeni.

Iqhaza izilwane nemvelo

eziphilayo eziyinkimbinkimbi kunoma iyiphi ecosystem kungenziwa zihlukaniswe amaqembu amathathu:

- abakhiqizi - izitshalo eziluhlaza ezikhiqiza organic ngezinto wezinto;

- consuments - izilwane adla izitshalo noma ukudla isilwane, ukucubungula, bese nizihlakaza ketshezi organic ukushuba we enhlabathini noma ubuso bayo;

- decomposers - ukhunta namagciwane, okuyinto ukuguqula zonke izinto eziphilayo okubangelwa ukuphila futhi izilwane nezitshalo amagesi nosawoti wamaminerali.

Ngakho, nosawoti kanye amagesi ingasetshenziswa futhi izimpande namaqabunga alesi izitshalo. Yilokho setha umjikelezo amandla futhi izinto ngokwemvelo nge izinto eziphilayo.  

Iyini indima izilwane nemvelo?

Imisebenzi kwezilwane ngokwemvelo:

1. Ukubamba iqhaza nokusakazwa izinto.

2. Indima izilwane ngokwemvelo futhi kumiswa nenhlabathi. Okwakubaluleke ngokukhethekile kuyizinto ezingenamgogodla - izibungu, izinambuzane, molluscs kanye nemisundu eminingi. Kulapho eziningi inhlabathi-ezingenamgogodla, athuthukiswe kahle izimila ungqimba Zomhlaba.

3. lwesithathu, indima engengaphansi ebalulekile lapho kubhujiswa lesi izilwane akuyona ngokwanele iphila futhi onesifo isitshalo zezinhlobo. Ngale ndlela, lezi zilwane ukusiza ukuba afeze ukuzihlela nokuzivumelanisa kwemvelo, kanjalo nokwenziwa ngcono uhlelo ubungqabavu izitshalo, kuyashesha ukuziphendukela kwaso. Iqhaza efanayo eyadlalwa izilwane yisinanakazana futhi okuzingela maqondana ezincelisayo herbivorous.

4. Ukulawula sabantu. Ezidlayo futhi nezilwane ezidla inyama zivimbela kabusha herbivorous. Kungenjalo, the last ambalwa eminyakeni kungaba ngokuphelele ababhubhise ezithile zezitshalo. Okwakubaluleke ngokukhethekile yizinyoni insectivorous (ukubaluleka izinyoni ngokwemvelo mkhulu bona zivimbela ekwandeni ngokweqile izinambuzane nezinye izilwane), izinyoni ezidla inyama, Toads kanye amaxoxo, izibankwa, amalulwane, izimpukane, phansi mabhungane, izintuthwane, iminyovu, kanye nezinye amaqembu ezingenamgogodla futhi ezilwaneni ezinomgogodla.

5. Cross-impova cishe zonke izinhlobo of angiosperms, asakaza imbewu nezihlahla nemithi. I impova iqhaza amashumi ezinkulungwane izinyosi ezihlala amathafa, izingwadule, emaqeleni, ohlanzekile izimfunda. Ngisho enyakatho Greenland linabantu bumblebees. Ekhuluma ewukuhlakanipha okwenziwe kwabadayisi basegaqweni imbewu izihlahla, utshani nezihlahla umusa yezilwane ezinomgogodla ephakeme - izinyoni granivorous futhi ezidla, namagundane nezilwane nezinselo ezivulekile, esigqoke.

Cishe bonke abantu bamele izwe kwezilwane ngesimo izinyoni ezinkulu nezilwane ezincelisayo, ezihuquzelayo nezinyoka. Savannah kukubuka zabantu abaningi izindlovu exhumene namabhubesi, amadube antelopes, izintshe amanqe, amahlathi emvula - orangutan nama-gorilla, amahlosi kanye boa constrictors, enhle izinyoni ipharadesi, ne ehlathini - capercaillie, izimpisi namabhere, izinyamazane kanti onogwaja. Kodwa akubona bonke ezincelisayo izinqubo zemvelo ingafeza lukhulu. Ukudla uhlaza, umhlabathi ekwakhekeni, impova izitshalo kunikezwa i ezingenamgogodla isilwane. Centipedes, izicabucabu, izimpethu, izinambuzane, njll Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi isibalo sabo omkhulu nezinhlobonhlobo ezehlukile. Iqhaza izilwane nemvelo, yebo, okusezingeni eliphezulu. Futhi umsebenzi lwesintu ukulondoloza ezinhlobo nokulinganisela zemvelo.