Longitudinal futhi transverse flat: Izimpawu kanye Ukwelashwa, isithombe. Flatfoot - kuyini?

Unyawo ingenye main izixhumanisi ukwesekwa umzimba. endaweni yayo imayelana 1% wezindleko surface body. Nokho, okubangela umthwalo ngobuningi uyalingana mass zomzimba womuntu. Unyawo has imisebenzi eminingana: cushioning, ukusekela, kulinganisa. Ngaphansi kwethonya izici ezithile lwaleli yayo zikhubazekile, sibangelwa isifo, ezifana izinyawo flat. Ngenxa yalokho, leyo ndawo ilahlekelwa ukushaqeka yayo iyavuleka izici yedwa ukuthi kuhambisana yezinkinga edabukisayo.

Flatfoot - kuyini?

Unyawo womuntu liqukethe amathambo 26. Basuke oxhumene by amalunga nemisipha, okuyinto anqande ukunyakaza imisipha kanye nemisipha. Ngendlela enempilo unyawo lomuntu likwazi iqoqo 2: transverse kanye longitudinal. Basuke sise kumila iminwe kanye onqenqemeni kwangaphakathi ematheni. Lapho uhamba, umuntu ngokugcwele unyawo. Ngokuvamile kuhilela amaphuzu amathathu: i calcaneus, esifundeni phansi umunwe kancane futhi isithupha. Uma emisipheni nemisipha unyawo buthaka, uqala ukushintsha ukwakheka kwalo. Kancane kancane iba flat. Lapho uhamba, umuntu uphoqelekile ukuba bathembele phezu ematheni. Ngenxa yalokho, izakhiwo ukushaqeka-iyavuleka ziwohloka, ukuthuthukisa flatfoot. Photo uhlobo imilenze okwethulwa kulesi sihloko.

Nemengamo ukusebenza njengoba iziphethu noma iziyisikhombisa, ukuqinisekisa ukunyakaza ukhululekile imiphumela zokukhekheleza on umzimba. Ukulimala lokhu isixhumanisi kuholela ukuphazamiseka ohlelweni lonke. Umzimba is ukuba ngomunye ezaziwayo. Noma yiziphi izinguquko ohlelweni eyodwa ngempela ezithinta ukusebenza nezinye. izinyawo flat kungabangela ukulimala inyonga kwamajoyinti, deformity umgogodla. Uma unyawo luthi: akakwazi ukubhekana nemisebenzi yabo, bathuthela isakhiwo engaphezulu. Emgogodleni, nedolo hip emalungeni kungukuthi ingashintshwa ukuze umthwalo ongako, ngakho zilinyazwa kalula.

Ukwahlukaniswa izifo

Sine amasede amabili izinyawo. Ngakho-ke, ukukhetha kulingane izinhlobo isifo - longitudinal futhi transverse flat. Izimpawu kanye nokwelashwa ngamunye sichaziwe ngezansi. Kukhona okuxubile (kuhlanganisiwe) isifo okufana.

Ukwahlukanisa izinhlobo zezifo Kuhilela ukukhethwa flatfoot azalwa naso futhi atholwe. Icala lokuqala kukalutshwana kakhulu futhi umphumela ukuthuthukiswa okungavamile umbungu. flatfoot Kutholiwe zingaphinde zivele noma ubudala. Ke, ngesikhathi, ihlukaniswe sub-izinhlobo eziningana:

• static (kwenzeka ngenxa ukwehla imisipha ithoni);
• rachitic (ngenxa vitamin D ukuntula in umzimba kwenza isimiso kwemisipha);
• kofé uhlangothi (ekuthuthukiseni ngokumelene poliomyelitis);
• Kwenhlekelele (kubonakala ngenxa yokulimala kabi ithambo waphuka).

Izimpawu ze-flatfoot

Yini izimpawu ukuba banake ngesikhathi ukuvimbela izinyawo flat? Izimpawu zesifo avele kancane kancane. Uphawu lokuqala kakhulu kubhekwa ubuhlungu eqinile phakathi emilenzeni yami ekupheleni kosuku olumatasa. Ngu ntambama imilenze iyodwa futhi aphansi zigcwala, avele amajaqamba. Abesifazane kuba nzima ukuhamba izithende zakhe. Ngenxa nesanda unyawo kusukela izicathulo ubudala has Is kuze buyisa phezulu ukuthenga entsha, kodwa emikhulu. Kancane kancane ubuhlungu ubabonisa ngenhla, wabe nedolo hip amalunga omzimba. Lezi zici elichaza nje flat cha. Izimpawu bemvelo ezifanayo zenzeke nge varicose emithanjeni. Nokho, ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo zidinga ehluke ngokuphelele.

Ukuze athobe umphefumulo wakhe, kungaba ekhaya ukuze afeze isivivinyo esilula. Ngenxa yalesi ematheni gcoba colorant (isib oluhlaza brilliant noma ufake i iodine). Khona-ke, ku-ephepheni ushiye i isinyathelo ngendlela yokuthi umthwalo phezu ngezinyawo kwaba iyunifomu. Ngemva kwalokho, ukudweba umugqa oqondele ezisikwe plantar kusukela isithende ukuze izinzwane. Beka perpendicular ingxenye kwangempela unyawo kuya emaphethelweni elingaphandle. Uma isinyathelo we bottleneck ematheni ithatha okungenani isigamu ungenisa perpendicular umugqa wokuqala, une izinyawo flat. Photo isibonelo isikimu kukhonjisiwe ngezansi.

Izimbangela inqubo sokugembula

Flat - ke isifo esiyingozi libhekene ukusonteka senyawo. Ngo impilo ejwayelekile, le nkinga akekho anaka. Yazi izici isifo kufanele, ukuze bathathe izinyathelo ngesikhathi esifanele nokuqondisa yayo. Izimbangela isifo kungenzeka zangaphakathi nezangaphandle. Ikhumbula isigqi zokuphila kwanamuhla futhi sengqondo uzwela maqondana ikhabethe lakhe siqu, ngezinye izikhathi flat has a omsakazo okuxubile. Ngisho zonke izicathulo zakho ozithandayo kungaba avuse ukusonteka senyawo. Kungani? izicathulo Sole ifakwe cushioning kakhulu. Bathatha ithwele umthwalo omningi, ukulungisa isithende. Ngenxa yalokho, imisipha uphumule, zonke izimo zidalwe sokuthuthukiswa inkinga ezifana izinyawo flat. Kuyini a flat, ke kuphakama kanjani, manje sobala.

Ukubuyela izimbangela yangaphakathi lesi sifo, kuyafaneleka ezicini eziningana ayeke ukunisa. Okokuqala, kuba khona izifo concomitant. Phakathi kwabo udumo isifika-rheumatoid arthritis. Kuthinta hhayi kuphela uqwanga, kodwa nemisipha ukuthi kungumthwalo wethu unyawo. Ukulimala futhi umonakalo mechanical kuya imilenze futhi neqhaza ekuthuthukiseni onyawo isici.

Umthelela izici zangaphandle uvinjelwe kalula uma abo ukunakekela impilo yabo siqu futhi anake kukhethwa nezicathulo. Phakathi kwezimbangela exogenous ka flatfoot zihlanganisa lokhu okulandelayo:

• umsebenzi ngokweqile;
• zingenzi lutho olunyakazisa ngenxa umsebenzi;
• iziyaluyalu hormone, nokukhulelwa;
• ngokungalungile ifaniswe izicathulo.

longitudinal flat

Kuleli fomu lesi sifo nokwanda ubude unyawo ngokumelene isizinda ukwehlisa lwaleli longitudinal. Ngenxa yalokho, ematheni contact ngokugcwele phansi. Iqhaza main isici ukusonteka kuphuma ekunciphiseni igebe phakathi onqenqemeni engaphakathi ngezinyawo kanye ebusweni phansi ngqo. Iziguli kwathiwa unesifo kokukhubazeka eba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Kukhona degrees ezintathu ifomu longitudinal of flatfoot:

1. Ngo esigabeni sokuqala nentuthuko kungekho sobala ukusonteka isifo. Ukungakhululeki emilenzeni ibonakala ngemuva imithwalo eside. Lapho sicindezelwe ubuhlungu.
2. Izinga lesibili libhekene ushintsho igobela le unyawo. ukungakhululeki Buhlungu is iyakhula bese kusatshalaliswa nokwephuka shins. Imisipha kancane kancane balahlekelwa kuyaqina yabo.
3. Izinga lesithathu yesifo libhekene evelele unyawo ukusonteka. Ubuhlungu imilenze akuzona ngisho kusihlwa. Kukhona kabi ngemuva, linganciphisa umthamo wamandla ukusebenza. Umuntu kwathiwa unesifo "flat longitudinal degree yesithathu" kunzima ukuba nihambe izicathulo evamile.

ukuwela flat

Kuleli fomu yesifo we obuphelele unyawo kuyehla, isithupha sinqatshelwe naphakathi - zikhubazekile. Ubulwelwe ukubukeka molotoobrazny. Ngaphansi kwesithombe senqaba isithupha kukhona uphawu encane ngesimo Izigaxa.

Kukhona degrees ezintathu izinyawo engu- emise flat. ukungaboni ngaso linye kwabo kubangelwa engela ukuphambuka ukuthi uzwane enkulu.

1. Izinga lokuqala - it is wavuma uzwakalise flatfoot transverse. Izimpawu zivela njengoba iqhubeka. Ukuphambuka ukuthi uzwane enkulu ingeqi degrees 20. Ngemva kokuzilolonga ukungakhululeki ubuhlungu livela. Ngezinyawo corns kuyabonakala endaweni yeminwe 2-4.
2. Ngo lesibili degree kuka engela manje degrees 35. Uma ukulayisha umuzwa umuzwa esivuthayo e amathe, corns sikhule ngosayizi.
3. Izinga lesithathu lesi sifo libhekene obungamahlalakhona. I-engeli kuka idlula degrees 35. Ezinye iziguli ziba bursitis. Lesi sifo kuhambisana ukuvuvukala isikhwama periarticular.

Eceleni cabanga flat okuxubile. Uyini longitudinal futhi izinyawo transverse flat, esixoxe ngakho kakade, futhi lokhu zokugula kuhambisana izimpawu, okuyinto ejwayelekile kokubili izinhlobo. Ukubonakaliswa izimpawu ifomu elixutshwe degree ngaphezulu zaba namandla kakhulu.

Khuyini okuhlukileko izingane izinyawo flat?

Umlenze wengane kuya eminyakeni emihlanu isakhiwo ethambile okungukuthi esigabeni okwakhayo. Ngakho-ke, abazali sinomthwalo wemfanelo omkhulu. Kufanele sixwayise isifo, sitholakale iphathwa ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi.

Izingane akuvamile ukukhuluma ngezinkinga zempilo. Uma uzama isu, abazali bamshaya indiva kubo. Izingane ahole yokuphila asebenzayo, zingabantu motion njalo, okuyinto ngokuvamile uhambisana ukukhathala. Kodwa kukhona amaphuzu athile ukuthi abazali kufanele sinake:

• aba lwaleli of nonyawo;
• izicathulo Ukuboshelwa bakhathale;
• izikhalazo yomntwana ubuhlungu emilenzeni ngemuva kokususwa imidlalo.

Uma Gait wengane ishintshile, sesiye kancane ukuthutha, kubalulekile ukuba uthintane udokotela wezinyawo. Kuvele professional onolwazi kungakwenza ukukhomba at flat esiteji i ekuseni. Izimpawu kanye nokwelashwa yalesi sifo ngo izingane musa abahluke ngayo kulabo abakwamanye abadala. Isici kuphela iyona reversibility yenqubo sokugembula. Nokuvuthwa kancane kancane ingane kuhambisana impumuzo zemvelo ngenxa yalesi sifo. Kumiswa unyawo kuze kube iminyaka engu-13. Ngalesi sikhathi kubalulekile ukugxila umsebenzi ngokomzimba (ukugijima, ukuhamba ngezinyawo). Ngenxa yalokho, imisipha bacale kutfutfukisa ngokuvumelanayo, unyawo uzothola ukuma okulungile.

ngihlolwa

izinyawo flat e abadala kanye nezingane kungaba azimisele ngesisekelo izimpawu zokwelashwa lesi sifo. Ukuze ukuhlola sezingeni inqubo sokugembula luhlolo sina isiguli liyadingeka. Kuhlanganisa izintwana ezimbalwa. Ziyakwazi:

1. Plantography ukunquma kobukhulu inqubo sokugembula ngokusebenzisa zeminwe. Ngenxa yale njongo, unyawo sisetshenziswa methylene blue isixazululo ibala. Khona-ke ukwenza mikhondo uyibhala engenalutho ephepheni. Plantography likhomba le vaults isimo izinyawo.
2. podometrics ngu Friedland ndlela ivumela ukuhlola iphesenti ukuphakama isitaki ukuze lithole ubude bayo.
3. indlela Clinical esekelwe ukwakhiwa unxantathu ekhethekile. isisekelo salo ibanga ukusuka ekhanda wethambo metatarsal kuya isithende tuber. Phezulu unxantathu itholakala maphakathi. Umlenze wokuqala ufinyelela iqophelo eliphakeme le tuberosity calcaneal, kwesibili - enhlokweni metatarsal. Ngokuvamile, ukuphakama lwaleli akumele leqe cm 60.
4. -X-ray indlela lusekelwe futhi ukwakhiwa unxantathu, kodwa kulokhu-engeli elinganisiwe phezulu. Lokhu ipharamitha kumele singeqi 130 degrees.

Ngokusekelwe imiphumela inhlolovo, udokotela ohlinzayo olungisa amathambo ingaqinisekisa uphethwe futhi unike izincomo ukwelashwa.

Nge izinyawo flat ukuthatha ibutho? Lo mbuzo ekukhathaza izinsizwa eziningi Usufike yobudala. Uma kutholakala ukuthi uphethwe yini conscript unyawo deformity grade 1 noma 2, kuyakuba kuncike sokuyokhonza emabuthweni ahlomile. Lapho longitudinal noma transverse flat 3 degrees ebuthweni intsha ikhishwe. Yena wakhipha ikhadi wezempi kwaphawula "ingxenye kufanelekile."

izinkombandlela ukwelashwa

On the flat, abaningi bamshaya indiva, indiva izimpawu zokuqala. Empeleni, kuba zokugula okungathí sina, bese ithuthuka ngokushesha, ukwelashwa cishe akunakwenzeka. belashwa ngokugcwele kungaba kuphela ebuntwaneni, lapho unyawo ayakhekanga kuze kube sekupheleni. Kubantu abadala, impatho kuhloswe okwehlisa ngentuthuko isifo futhi kuvimbele ukuxakeka. Ukwelashwa yenqubo sokugembula liyinkimbinkimbi. Sibekezele letfutfukisa imisipha, uyoqeda ubuhlungu, lesichubekako stop longitudinal / lateral flat. Izimpawu kanye nokwelashwa lezi zinhlobo zokugula zibonakale noma cishe ezifanayo. imininingwane Manje okwengeziwe izindlela zanamuhla zokwelapha.

Izidakamizwa lihambisana Physiotherapy kusiza ukuthi uyoqeda ubuhlungu. Iziguli ebekiwe analgesics letindzala ( "ibuprofen", "aspirin"), kanye amafutha ngoba isicelo nezokusigcoba ( "Umsebenzi," "Voltaren").

Ngesisekelo kwelashwa Physiotherapy. Ikhetha iqoqo izivivinyo esekelwe wamathambo isifo esiteji kanye nobudala nesineke. A nomphumela omuhle zokwelapha kunikezwa massage unyawo. ukwelashwa ejwayelekile ukusiza kulesetayelekile kwegazi, ngcono imisipha ithoni. Ngeshwa, zonke lezi ukwelashwa kuphumelela kuphela esigabeni sokuqala lesi sifo. ukusebenza - impendulo eyodwa vo kusiza ezinzima unyawo sengozini.

Ukwelashwa yalesi sifo ezinganeni kudinga indlela ehlukile. Ngokuvamile e seziguli ezisencane ukuthi nginesifo longitudinal flat (okuyinto ukusonteka akunakugwenywa, kufanele bazazi zonke abazali). Pathology kahle esilaphekayo nge ngesikhathi esifanele uzingela ke. Amathambo, nemisipha nemisipha ingane ukungenwa yokwelapha olandelanayo. A nomphumela oqabulayo omuhle kunikezwa elashwe ngokomzimba futhi massage. Uma ingane yakho ine ngamamitha azalwa naso flat, baqale ukuphulukisa kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala kakhulu ekuphileni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa amabhandeshi akhethekile imilenze.

I flat kuyingozi?

Umzimba womuntu usebenza njengoba iyunithi. Phakathi zonke iziphathimandla kukhona hhayi kuphela yokwakheka kodwa futhi ukuxhumana sokusebenza. Lapho maphakathi gravity offset kuphakama flatfoot. Ukuze ukulinganisela umuntu uphoqelekile ukuba njalo baphambukile kolunye uhlangothi. Ngenxa yokwanda ukusonteka, futhi ngemuva is babanjwa kakhulu ekuhambeni kwesikhathi. Ukwephula ukuma futhi flat izinyawo banezizathu ukuthuthukiswa efanayo. Lena ubuthakathaka ezicutshini, imisipha, kanye nokukhuluphala ngokweqile. Kumuntu ophile lwaleli athwala mfutho ukushaqeka. Lapho eshonelwe flatfoot. Ngenxa yalokho, emgogodleni namadolo kufanele umthwalo anda. Lokhu kuholela ngisho nakakhulu indlela yekuma bent, ukugobeka komhlandla.

Foot deformity kungabangela ukuthuthukiswa nezinye izinkinga ezithile, kuhlanganise:

• izinzipho ingrown;
• ugobile iminwe;
• isithende iqhubezela;
• izinguquko esiwohlozayo ezinyaweni;
• kokukhubazeka.

Ezinganeni nale uphethwe futhi ephukile unyawo cushioning. Ngenxa yalokho, vibration umzimba ngesikhathi ukunyakaza idluliselwa ku umlenze nomgogodla. I ukucasuka njalo amalunga omzimba kuholela ukuvuvukala, samathambo eba. Flatfoot ithonya yomgogodla kubonakala e ugobile yayo. Ingane ibangela ubuhlungu emilenzeni futhi ikhanda, bephonsa ikhono lakhe ukusebenza kanye nokusebenza esikoleni.

Ukuvimbela lesi sifo ezinganeni nakubantu abadala

Ukuze ususe ukuthuthukiswa izinyawo flat, kumele ngezikhathi ezithize ukuqhuba zokuvimbela yayo. Okokuqala, odokotela batusa ukuba banake izicathulo. Namuhla, cishe njalo ukugcina ungakwazi ukuthenga izicathulo wamathambo akhethekile insoles. Ibhanga izimpahla izingane Kugcizelela ne ukwehlukana kwayo. Ungakhohlwa izicathulo kanye insoles abakwazi ulungise deformity unyawo. Bathi nje ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa yayo.

Ukuze kuqiniswe imisipha kuwusizo ukwenza Ngokuphambene nokugeza. Kumele yanjalo ekushoniseni izinyawo in indishi yamanzi abandayo kanye ashisayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, waqinisa imisipha kusiza engayitholi njalo amavithamini e hlobo (A, E, C, D) namaminerali (zibala ithusi, selenium, i-calcium).

Isexwayiso ezinyawo flat ezinganeni usungaqala ukwandisa umsebenzi ngokomzimba. Kubhekwe ubuciko ewusizo izifundo, Ukushushuluza kanye nehhashi ogibele. Ehlobo ungakwazi sicathulo phezu obugundiwe utshani, amatshe. Lezi izizinda nsuku nethonya elihle ku-motility imisipha encane unyawo.