Petsamo-eKirkenes ukusebenza usuku, imiphumela, izithombe

ukusebenza Petsamo-eKirkenes ngo-1944 kwakubaluleke amasu eSoviet High Command phakathi neMpi Yezwe II. Injongo owayelwa le ukukhululwa kweJalimane Arctic.

Petsamo-eKirkenes operation: isithombe, Uhlolojikelele

I amabutho aseSoviet elwa avunyelwe hhayi kuphela ukuqedela ukuxoshwa izidalwa ezihlala ezweni. Izimpi kwakufanele nomthelela ku ukulingana kwamandla enyakatho Yurophu. amabutho aseSoviet angene e Petsamo futhi Luostari, lapho 19 Intaba Corps of the Wehrmacht, bese step on the eKirkenes.

Lapho umgwaqo amabutho

On insimu kwakukhona 20 izimayini ibutho eholwa uLieutenant General Elisabeth Rendulic futhi 19 entabeni-Jaeger icala, okwakubekelwa eliholwa Jikelele uFerdinand Jodl. amabutho aseJalimane banikezwe ukwahlukana 3 kanye 4 amaqembu, 53 ayizinkulungwane. Cel., Ngaphezu 750 izibhamu izigqulo. Njengengxenye amabutho amaNazi babekhona futhi izindiza (amayunithi 160). umzimba 19 ubekade ukuzivikela egqinsiwe ngokujulile sezwe ezindaweni ezinzima. Amandla kumi emagqumeni nasezindaweni ezinamadwala eduze emachibini amawa. amabutho aseSoviet kwangena Karelian phambi amabutho. Umyalo compounds of jikelele eyenziwa Meretskov. Njengengxenye ye-amabutho aseSoviet wona samanje 14 ibutho, eyayiholwa uLieutenant General Shcherbakov. Lalihlanganisa:

1. Rifle ukuhlukana (8).
2. Self ezinezinjini wezikhali emashalofini (2).
3. Brigade 2 ubunjiniyela, Tank 1, 5 isibhamu.
4. Nasekwenzeni wezikhali emashalofini (21).
5. Iqembu iziqhumane.

Isibalo ibutho isiRashiya kwakuwulimi ayizinkulungwane 97. Abantu. Ngezinye anawo amabutho kwakunjalo 2112 izigqulo nezibhamu, 107 amathangi nezibhamu self ezinezinjini. Kusukela emoyeni, ibutho zigcinwe 689 izindiza. Petsamo-eKirkenes operation okuhlaselayo okwenzeka iqhaza Northern Fleet, ngaphansi Admiral Golovko. Siqukethe 2 brigades abahambele lo Marine Corps, imikhumbi kanye asolwandle zezindiza amayunithi (276 izindiza). Phambili amabutho nzima ngokusebenzisa wezikhali esindayo, kule ndaba, Jikelele Meretskov eceliwe KV amathangi.

ukusebenza Petsamo-eKirkenes (dlala)

Ngokuya ngalolu hlelo, kulindeleke phakathi nesonto lokuqala usebenzisa workaround ezijulile, phusha enyakatho namabutho eningizimu amaJalimane owalwela e Rheine B. Zapadnaya Litsa. Ngamanye amazwi, amabutho aseSoviet wona kwakufanele yakha zakudala "kubhayela". Ngokwezazi-mlando, ukusebenza Petsamo-eKirkenes (idethi - Okthoba 7) Kwakuhlelwe ngaphansi kwethonya Leningrad kanye Battle of kwaseStalingrad. Phakathi ukunyakaza amabutho aseSoviet zamabutho Wehrmacht eyenziwa kuhlengwe izingxenye Finland naseNorway. Lo msebenzi okuthiwa Nordlicht. Its njengoba odlule (Birke), wachitha Rendulic. Ngemva kwalokho, impumelelo lapho wathola BAWELA Knight sika nge amahlamvu-oak (indondo eliphakeme oMbusi). Petsamo-eKirkenes operation 1944 labetibambile ngezigaba ezintathu. Ngo esigabeni sokuqala kube nenkinga ukuze ifohle izivikelo German phambi amasosha aseSoviet. Khona-ke ibutho kumelwe siphishekele abahlali abase bebaleka eKirkenes bese usisebenzisa izimpi sokugcina. Phakathi ukunyakaza amabutho aseSoviet bekulokhu eziningana elihamba asolwandle vybrosok amabutho kanye amayunithi ibutho. Omunye lokushaya kwenziwa Elincane Volokovaya lip.

Defense Breakthrough German

Okthoba 7 8 ekuseni zenkulumo waqala. Ngemva kwamahora angu-2.5 we-amabutho aseSoviet waqhubeka ecasula. Ngosuku lokuqala ebiyelwe 131 ifinyelele p. Titovka futhi ukuphoqelela 99th ayikwazanga ukuqedela umsebenzi ngokushesha. Phula ngokusebenzisa izivikelo German kwaba kuphela ekuseni 8 Okthoba. Ngakusasa - 9 - Amasosha okuhlaselayo wasungula iqembu iphansi kwesandla sika-uLieutenant General Pigarevicha. Bakhandwa elise empumalanga yasesiFundeni. Zap. Abantu endaweni ukukhuthazwa more esebenzayo lwamaNazi maqondana Murmansk. Ngalobo busuku wenziwe kokwehla Little Bay Volkova (Fjord Mattivuono). Amatilosi ayedlulisela ugema Musta yokhalo salibangisa Petsamo, wayinquma ingxenye amabutho ibutho lamaJalimane.

ezizungeze

126 legkostrelkovy Corps, elaliholwa uColonel Solovyev, kusukela flank lwesobunxele kwakumelela esephumelele ukufeza workaround. Ngosuku lwesine, waya endleleni Petsamo-Salmijärvi wanquma entshonalanga yayo Luostari. Eshayayo amaJalimane esiphikisayo kuhlasela, umzimba sizoqhubeka nokugqugquzela, ukufinyelela komgwaqo Petsamo-Tarnet. Ebusuku uhlangothi, ephethwe uMajor General Zhukov ethumba airfield e Luostari. Kwakuyisikhathi bamba osendaweni ezibalulekile. Iqhubeka amabutho Luostari Soviet wayencisha amaJalimane omunye zezindiza ngobukhulu enyakatho. Eziningana izindiza isitha zashaqwa yimpango. Ngosuku olufanayo ngathunyelwa cababa Liinakhamari. Bekanye 114 division umzimba 99 amasosha kusulwe amaNazi indawo. Ngenxa yalokho Petsamo nxazonke esasikuyo manje nayo yayibiyelwe amasosha aseSoviet. Kusukela empumalanga nokukhokha komnikazi wathutha-Marine futhi Pigarevicha leqembu, nasentshonalanga isimo ngaphansi ukulawula Marine Brigade 72, eningizimu - kwaba izindlu 131, futhi kusukela enyakatho wasondela ukufika, ethumba Okthoba 13, Harbour Liinakhamari.

Ukuthatha port

ukusebenza Petsamo-eKirkenes kuhlukile ukuthi abathintekayo hhayi kuphela Army, kodwa imikhumbi. Ngesikhathi esigabeni sokugcina izimpi kwesimo endaweni ekhethekile iyunithi 181 iyiswe endaweni Liinakhamari. Imbobo luye lwaqiniswa efunwa amaRoma undlovukayiphikiswa futhi headlands embozwe Romanov kanye Cross. I egwadle esekelwe amaJalimane zokugcina esakhiwe oluqinisayo ahlukahlukene, emplacements ifakwe, bunkers, imisele, njll Ngesikhathi Cape Romanov kuze kube manje wahlala imigqomo okuyizinto torpedo ukufakwa amaJalimane. Kulezi izinqaba inikeza umbono omuhle we emnyango echwebeni. Lokhu sekwenze kwaba lula ukuba torpedo iyiphi ngwenya noma ihamba. Okthoba 12 Sabotage lamabutho, elaliholwa uMajor Barchenko Emelyanov Leon, ohlaselwayo amabhethri German esisogwini m. Yenkolo. Le mpi yaba ngeyesikhashana. Nge ukulahlekelwa ongatheni, amabutho aseSoviet ethumba ibhethri. Ngenxa kudlulisela iye yenziwa cababa e Liinakhamari, bamba endaweni kanye buciko alandelayo Petsamo.

Capture nickel

Ukuzivikela kwakhe enikeziwe ibutho lempi iphansi kwesandla sika-Jikelele Vogel. Yayihlanganisa units, wahlukana Luostari kanti besekuphele idluliselwe, owayevela eFinland. Petsamo-eKirkenes operation baqhubeka onilwelayo Nickel ku 18 Okthoba. Ibutho lamaJalimane ahlinzekwa ukumelana nenkani. Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu, amabutho aseSoviet wona ifinyelele Yar-Fjord wathumba Nickel (Kolosjoki). izenzo Active yebutho Russian ophoqelelwe umyalo German ukusheshisa wokuqala, futhi ngemva kwalokho kuhlasela emoyeni ku eKirkenes Okthoba 21 - ukuqedela basishiye. Umuzi yaphela ngamanzi agobhozayo, kwasetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko ekutheni imikhumbi boilers. Okthoba 22, 131 Corps lwaqala Tarnet impi ha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo asemanzini, kusekelwa wezikhali, olwenziwa coast wokuhlanza.

Battle Ukugcwaliswa

Okthoba 23-25 Petsamo-eKirkenes okuhlambalazayo wathuthela Esigabeni sokugcina. AmaJalimane ayesebuyela imigwaqo yafakwa amabhomu agqitshwayo beshaya kubo. Kwaphawulwa ukuthi ijubane kusengaphambili kwabo kwaba ngu-40 km / usuku. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, uxhumano Soviet emini wakunqoba mayelana 8.5 km. Okthoba 25 emini esigcawini eyinhloko eKirkenes kwakukhona umhlangano bendawo. Ngemva kwakhe enzansi volleys, ngesikhathi ecula imeya liculo ifulege Norwegian wavuswa. Kusukela Northern Fleet ke Wawusemhlabathini 3 lokubikezela Tactical eduze nogu lwaseNgilandi oluseningizimu ye Varanger Fjord:

1. Ngo amatheku futhi Aresvuono Suolavuono Okthoba 18.
2. Ngo Kobholm Fjord - 23 Okthoba.
3. Ngo Holmengro Fjord - 25 Okthoba.

Zonke ukudluliswa ezintathu kwaba yimpumelelo futhi kwaba nethonya elihle ku-inkambo impi. Okthoba 27, amabutho aseSoviet langena Nautsi: umzimba 31 ngaphansi kobuholi uMajor General Absalyamova zazivela ngasempumalanga, 127 uxhumano legkostrelkovoe - kusukela enyakatho. Isitha, ezihambayo eKirkenes, ukumba zonke boom big, zalimaza imigwaqo. Indlela eya edolobheni unikezwe misela ngokuphelele, yasha ngebhuloho ukumiswa. Noma kunjalo, ngo-October 25 at 9 am, amabutho aseSoviet angena emzini. Yaphela kanjalo-ke ukusebenza Petsamo-lé eKirkenes.

Siza abathandi benarha yekhethu wendawo

Ukukhululwa kukhona nezindawo eziningi ngaphandle kweSoviet Union asekelwe ibutho laseSoviet enikeziwe izakhamizi zawo. It yayiphumula kanye Petsamo-eKirkenes okuhlambalazayo. Imiphumela ibhu impi ibe ngaphansi yimpumelelo uma hhayi ngosizo alwa wendawo. Ngakho, ephoqa Yar Fjord eyenziwa ngokudoba izikebhe, nezilwane eziphila ezweni. Norwegian Patriots angena elwandle ku ezimbili motor-izikebhe kunokuba usizo olukhulu kuya amasosha aseSoviet. Abantu bendawo yophula amatilosi izikebhe ngaphansi umlilo ferrying amasosha phesheya. Endaweni Elvenes Fjord e ukweqa imikhawulo yama-amabutho aseSoviet bekuzomthatha zihlasela futhi. 14 Division wahlanganyela guided Ukunqamula ukuphila kokubili emanzini nasezweni ku izihlenga. Lokhu futhi wasiza alwa Norwegian. Futhi, kwafika bendawo futhi Beck Fjord. Ngenxa Petsamo-eKirkenes operation yi nemizana ezinkulu ziye zakhululwa:

1. Svanvik.
2. Sandnes.
3. Munkelven.
4. Fosstord.
5. Trangsund.
6. Sturbukt.
7. Neiden.
8. Tarnet.
9. Langfordbotn.
10. Vokterbolig.
11. Bernevann.
12. Kroftfeterbukt.
13. Vierlunn.
14. Buholmen.

inkumbulo

Kwesimo endaweni Northern Fleet elahlekile uma uthwebula Liinhamari, wembelwa e-Cape Cross, engxenyeni yalo eliphezulu kakhulu. I ethuneni elilodwa elikhulu iqukethe izinsalela zabantu 20. Itshe lesikhumbuzo kuyinto ubonakale kude. On ke kukhona uphawu lapho bonke abafileyo ahlelwe ngamagama. Ngo Kirkenesse efakwe lesikhumbuzo ukuze leli sosha Soviet ngesibhamu. Lesi sithombe esiyisikhumbuzo sidalwe umqophi Norwegian Fredriksen. Ephakeme KaHulumeni ye-USSR Supreme Soviet wamisa ngendondo "Ngoba ukuzivikela Arctic." Lowo mdwebo nesosha zaseSoviet cap ne earflaps, ijazi ngesikhumba semvu futhi ephethe isibhamu on isizinda amathangi, izindiza nemikhumbi lempi lasolwandle.