Sandomirskiy bridgehead Vistula (1944)

Famous Sandomierz bridgehead lathunjwa amabutho aseSoviet ngebhange kwesokunxele Vistula ekupheleni July 1944. It is esigama for the eseduze edolobheni Polish.

okuhlaselayo Soviet

Esikhathini izincwadi zomlando Sandomierz bridgehead ke ngezinye izikhathi ebizwa ngokuthi Baranuvskim noma Baranów Sandomierski. Ukusebenza wayithatha le ngxenye ebalulekile phambi esenziwa amabutho 1st Front Ukraine (13 futhi 1st Guards Tank wamabutho, elaliholwa Marshal yeSoviet Union-Ivan Konev).

Okokuqala bridgehead Sandomierz sasibalulekile ukuqhubeka okuhlukumezayo entshonalanga. Ekuqaleni kuka-August, kule mkhakha izimpi olunegazi owaqeda impumelelo yecebo iRed Army. Ngaphansi Ngokuqhubeka umlilo ephethwe amakhilomitha 50 nje (bridgehead ububanzi lakhuphuka lafika ku-amakhilomitha angu-60).

Endleleni eya Vistula

Ehlobo lika-1944, impi ukhiye ePoland wayemlwela Sandomierz. Ngaphambi kwalokho, kwase kudingeka ukuwela Vistula. Amabutho we 1st Front Ukrainian, ayimi futhi uyephuza mashi emfuleni, kusale settlement abakhululiwe Polish. Field imisebenzi eholwa uLieutenant General UNikolai Pukhov, futhi uLieutenant General Mikhail Katukov. Julayi 27 sathathwa Yaroslav. Ngemva kwalokho ibutho sayalwa ukuba sibe nezinhloli uqhubeke ukuze udlulele Vistula, ngaphandle ukuhileleka ezimpikiswaneni nesitha.

ezindaweni eziqhelelene okuhlambalazayo armored nzima khona kwanoma isiphi ukwesekwa okuvela emoyeni. Kwakuwusuku yokuthi ngenxa izinga okusezingeni eliphezulu okuthuthuka zezindiza abanawo isikhathi amayunithi phambili. Sekusele amasonto amabili kube yokubuyiswa edolobheni awela ngisho Vistula 3rd Guards Army uLieutenant General Vasily Gordov. Julayi 29 ingxenye wanqoba amabutho esitha kahle eduze Annopolya. Le mpumelelo ukuvumele ukunweba Sandomierz bridgehead.

Ukunqamula

Ububanzi nokuphoqa we Vistula was hhayi ningi than amakhilomitha amabili. Ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho kwakuwukumsongela ukuthi ekuthatheni bridgehead imayelana "minza". Nokho, amaJalimane watatazela, bona yayikhubazekile futhi wacabanga kuphela mayelana nendlela ashona bathinteka. Esikhathini Wehrmacht ngisho isinqumo ukubhodloza edamini le Vistula. Nokho, kusasele ngokushesha iRed Army avinjwe lwalezi zinhlelo.

ukusebenza eLvov-Sandomierz kwaba buhlungu ngoba amaJalimane babulawa. Idamu awuzange yasha ngoba ngakolunye uhlangothi wahlala amabutho aseJalimane. Zibhubhise zokuxhumana kwakusho ukuba usike bebodwa.

Phakathi naleso sikhathi, ngo-July 30-Red Army guided izikebhe, futhi ngosuku olulandelayo baqala ukwakhiwa ongaphakeme amanzi kwebhuloho phezu River Vistula. izindiza Asizayo abakakholiseki lapho, ngakho owela wawuvikelwa smokescreen. Kusihlwa, amabutho lokuqala Soviet ayesezibhebheni ebhange obuhlukile. Kwakheka ukusizakala. Waba iphuzu eziqala ukuba okuhlaselayo olwengeziwe.

Inwebisa isizinda

Julayi 31 Army 17 Wehrmacht wazama ukubulala emuva owela we iRed Army. Nokho, leyo mizamo yayiyize. Initiative Strategic and bokuphakama qualitative elapha ohlangothini amasosha aseSoviet. Okwesikhathi esithile baqhubeka izikhundla zabo, abazange zokumelana, futhi kuphela alwa off the kuhlasela isitha. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze uthole isikhathi esengeziwe. Amaviki amabili wonke amabutho amasha bawelela ebhange okuphambene Vistula.

ukuba sithole amandla kanye nokudidiyela izenzo zabo, August 15 kuphela, 13 kanye 3rd Guards Army wathatha muzi osendaweni ebalulekile Sandomierz. AmaJalimane zinhlanga bethukile. imizamo yabo ukuze ibenze isitha isikhathi ngasinye kuhlulekile emfuleni. Manje, Wehrmacht kwadingeka kuphela ukushiya isikhundla ukuya entshonalanga. Bridgehead wafakwa laphenya kwaze-January 1945. Khona-ke ukusuka Sandomierz ke waqala enye okuhlaselayo emikhulu, okwakubizwa ngokuthi i operation Sandomierz-Silesian. Ngokuhamba ke, Red Army ekugcineni akhululwa Poland kusukela umsebenzi amaNazi.