Sayan: ukuphakama. Sayan Izintaba zase-Altay yimuphi ephakeme?

Sayan - entabeni yibhande eSiberia. Basuke ihlukaniswe izinhlelo ezimbili: iWest ne-East. Kulokhu zingabantu perpendicular nomunye. Ngokusho ososayensi, ama-Sayan Izintaba ayizintaba abasha, engesiyo iminyaka engaphezu kuka-400 million. Ezinye izinhlobo which they akhiwa ukuqhuma kwezintaba-mlilo. Ngenxa ukuhlola indawo futhi imivubukulo olwenziwa kwakukhona yeziphakamiso ngaphambilini wawusegunjini lapha Ocean. Lokhu kufakazelwa ulwelwe omile emadwaleni.

entabeni Russian - Sayan

Isimo sezulu ezintabeni kwakhiwa eminyakeni eyizigidi edlule futhi namanje ayikashintshi. Lapho emhlabeni "imithetho" Ice Age, Sayan ngokupheleleyo dibikeza iqhwa. Eceleni kwabo kwamiswa izigodi amancane nemithambeka, ngokuvamile ngenxa doti falling. Ngemva ukuqala ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke, izinguzunga zeqhwa, incibilikiswa, waba nesandla ekwakhiweni amachibi ahlukahlukene.

Sayan bangaphi labo abakumangalelayo? Esempumalanga ifinyelela ogwini oluseningizimu yeChibi iBaikal. Intaba ibhande orogenic basonta, othiwa elise-Asia Ephakathi. Lokhu kwaziswa Geological kubhekwa omdala eRussia. Futhi, entabeni noma idatha neze kunabayeni Alps, futhi ubuhle, futhi ngobukhulu futhi ukuphakama.

Kuze kube namuhla, iphakama eziningana ezisezintabeni yokukhavwa glacial. Futhi isikhathi esiningi kuba snowfields, okuyizinto amaqoqo letingemasayizi lahlukene kweqhwa ezindaweni lapho ungenzi out imisebe yelanga.

izintaba Sayan kumephu Russian ungabona, uma ubheka eningizimu eSiberia. Basuke esisogwini Insimu Federation futhi Mongolia. Lapho Sayan Izintaba - yokuxhuma amabanga amabili entabeni, sezwe ehlukene nokuba umngcele ocacile. Iphuzu empambana - Central Sayan.

West Sayan

Iyiphi le ntaba ibhande ukuphakama? Sayan Izintaba entshonalanga ifike ayizinkulungwane 3. Amamitha. Ubude - 650 km. Umakhelwane kuya eningizimu-ntshonalanga iyona Altai. Ukhahlamba izintaba kukhona emithambekeni ngempela emaweni, indawo emazombezombe, olwenzeka enkulu amatshe.

lamagquma Western ukunweba thwi. Ngo eningizimu-ntshonalanga yokhalo ngokuthi Saldzhur, maphakathi - Saylyg Khem-ehlathini, eduze nogu kwendawo Yenisei okuthiwa Sayan.

Kuthinta ukuhlukahluka ekwehleni sezwe ukuphakama. Sayan Izintaba, isibonelo, eduze komngcele wase-ehlathini lwakha okusezingeni eliphezulu sezwe alpine. Ngaye, isici ejwayelekile kukhona emithambekeni ongaphakeme futhi emaweni, ube nemigodi ngemigodi nge phansi ezijulile.

impumuzo Ephakathi sezintaba evelele eningizimu nasenyakatho. Lamagquma iyashelela, flat. Futhi, emhlabeni ezintabeni eziningi emfuleni izigodi asebavele ehlathini zamahlathi.

Winter nesithwathwa, entwasahlobo kuza emva kwesikhathi. Ukuqeda iqhwa ngokuvamile senzeka ngasekupheleni May. Summer Asihlali isikhathi eside, eziningi emimoyeni ebandayo ohlabayo. kweqhwa sivame ukuba khona July no-August. Ngo-September sinawo eningi lokuzamazama komhlaba.

Izimbotshana kuthiwa selehlile ngokushesha, ngakho ezintabeni lokushisa ngokuvamile ephakeme kunaleyo umcengezi.

empumalanga Sayan Izintaba

Futhi iyini ukuphakama empumalanga? izintaba Sayan lapho ifinyelela 3.491 m. Lolu hlelo entabeni welula yonkana iningizimu yeSiberia, le Krasnoyarsk Territory, esifundeni sase-Irkutsk, Buryatia futhi zaseTuva.

Eastern Sayan iqala eduze Yenisei luphele osebeni lweChibi iBaikal. uhlelo Intaba etholakala isimo sezulu zone ngqo ezwekazini. Winter njalo nesithwathwa futhi eside, futhi ehlobo - esifushane futhi abandayo. Ngo-January, izinga lokushisa ubuncane ^-25 ° C, futhi ngo-July - 12 ° ^C uwela kwezulu ezahlukene (kusuka 300 mm kuya ku-800 mm ngonyaka) ku emthambekeni ngamunye.

Eduze entabeni elise izinguzunga zeqhwa nemifula. Leli chibi kwamiswa ngenxa encibilika ice. Eduze tunka ububanzi wathola lokuhlushwa enkulu amaminerali.

Ukuvikela imvelo, dala amapaki kanye reserves etholakala eduze ezintabeni.

Biota

Sayan Izintaba, isithombe okuyinto ivezwa kahle isihloko, ocebile emahlathini, okuyizinto izihlahla alawula - sonwele umsedari, * nomthidari. Basuke etholakala endaweni engamamitha 1500 amamitha. Ngokuvamile kukhona lezihlahla-pine zokutshala.

Isimo sezulu elibuhlungu: wabusa obubandayo, imimoya enamandla ehlobo cool. Relief ngokuvamile ezimangelengele, kodwa kwezinye izindawo eziphahlwe, embozwe nezimfunda. Ezindaweni lapho kukhona umswakama owanele, zikhona nezimfunda nezihlahla encane ihlume.

Kukhona ezikhulayo amajikijolo: ama-raspberry, currants, ama-strawberry, ama-strawberry kanye nabanye.

Izilwane avame ukubonakala izimpisi, amabhere, amaphiva, izingwejeje, onogwaja. Iziqophamithi, grouse capercaillie, surto - zonke lezi zinyoni zitholakala emahlathini, lapho zitholakala emithambekeni.

Imifula ezokuvakasha

izintaba Sayan - izintaba, ikhadi elibonisa ngokugcwele lisebukhazikhazini balo izivakashi. Njengoba uhlelo ihlanganisa cishe wonke yeSiberia, kunzima miss. Yingakho-ke ngokuvamile wavakashelwa abaqwali ezivela emazweni ahlukahlukene. Izindawo ezikhanga kakhulu (ngaphandle izintaba) kukhona ukusakazwa elincane, amachibi nezimpophoma. Kulezi zindawo zasendle ukuthi kancane ehlaselwe esandleni somuntu. Kukhona futhi nemvelo reserves.

Izintaba Sayan (isithombe: bheka ngezansi) abacebile emfuleni. Sinenkosi ukudla ixutshwe predominance kweqhwa nemvula. Bonke basonta somfula Yenisei, kanye ngemvelaphi yabo kukhona elikhulu futhi Small Yenisei. Umfula yesiteleka kakhulu futhi enhle angabizwa ngokuthi Bii-Khem. ubude bayo - 600 km. Ngenxa namathafa yayo olunothile, kuba ezivakashelwa kakhulu futhi ethandwa kulezi zingxenye.

Altai ezintabeni

Omunye enhle kakhulu izintaba ka-Altai zibhekwa. Lolu hlelo, lapho zitholakala okusezingeni eliphezulu vertices ngokwanele ihlukaniswe nge emifuleni kanye emigodini. Yini ubude bakhe? Sayan Izintaba zase-Altay azihlukile kakhulu komunye nomunye, kodwa ukuphakama ezahlukene. Ucabanga zokhahlamba ngenhla - Altai futhi Sayan? Xoxa ngalokhu kamuva.

Impumuzo sici Geological

Impumuzo ephawula-Altai, akuvamile entabeni izinhlelo. Kulula ukuhlangabezana scree futhi idwala ukuwa, emikhulu namagquma, izimoto Carling, iziqongo futhi izigodi ezinamanzi.

Ososayensi bathi Altai Izintaba akhiwa yobudala Caledonian. Futhi e Mesozoic futhi nangenkathi ephakeme wazibonela kuyanda yesibili. emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka adlule, phansi entabeni esiye onomfutho ngenxa azifele, ngakho-ke sasingekho kumiswa elinezintaba.

Yiziphi ezintabeni ngenhla: Sayan futhi Altai?

West Sayan isingamakhilomitha km 600. ukuphakama kwalo Imininingwane -. 3976 m isiqongo kuyinto Mongun ehlathini. Eastern Sayan disk okuningi isikhala, ububanzi balo ifinyelela izinkulungwane 1 km, futhi ukuphakama - .. 3491 m ezintabeni ubhekwa main Munch-Sardyk.

Ugema eyinhloko eWestern Sayan Sayan Ridge kuyinto nakangaka. iphuzu zayo eliphakeme ubhekwa phezulu Kyzyl Taegu, okuphakama kwawo ifinyelela 3121 m.

Ixhuma zonke izintaba Sayan akha eziyinkimbinkimbi omkhulu "Belogorye" futhi "amaprotheni". Ezindaweni ezithile kukhona "nodes", futhi izikhungo zabo kukhona ezinkulu (engamamitha 2982 amamitha) kanye Munch-Sardyk.

Belukha - phezulu Altai Mountains. Nansi ekuqaleni River Katun. Igama livela yokuthi entabeni njalo embozwe yiqhwa, kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekupheleni. I Russian Federation naseKazakhstan umngcele sihamba kahle ngokusebenzisa afanayo Belukha.

Beluga isendaweni Katun Range. ukuphakama entabeni - 4509 km. Yagxila ezingaphezu kwesigamu ugema ice. Lokhu kusho ukuthi cishe wonke entabeni embozwe iqhwa. Ubusika abandayo nehlobo zimfushane futhi liyana. Ngo-January, izinga lokushisa kungaba afinyelela -48 ^{° C} ngo-March, liyophuma -5 ° ^C.

Altai kancane ngaphezu zokhahlamba Sayan. Lokhu kufakazelwa kokubili izici entabeni izinhlelo neziqongo ezembethe yawo eyinhloko.