Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-cognac. Ukuhlukaniswa kwezinkanyezi zaseRussia naseFrance

I-Cognac ibizwa ngokuthi isiphuzo esinamandla kakhulu sokuphuza utshwala esenziwe ubuchwepheshe abathile. Itholakala ngenxa yokuphuzwa kwezidakamizwa kabili (i-distilation) yewayini elimhlophe nokuguga okulandelayo ngemuva kweziqukathi ezikhethekile. Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-cognac, kuye ngokuthi indawo yokukhiqizwa kwayo, ikhwalithi, ukuxuba kungahlukahluka kakhulu. Kulesi sihloko sizocabangela ngalolu daba ngokuningiliziwe.

Izimo zokukhiqiza nokugcina

Njalo ngonyaka ngo-Okthoba, ijusi lifakwe emagilebini amancane. Kuthululelwa emgodini, lapho kuvulwa ukuphuza kwesiphuzo. Le nqubo iyaqhubeka kuze kube yilapho uthola iwayini elikhanyayo ngokuphelele. Khona-ke i-cognac yesikhathi esizayo ikhutshazwa kudivayisi ekhethekile. Ukuze uthole ukuvuthwa okungcono kwemimoya ye-cognac, isiphuzo sithelelwa emiphongolweni ye-oak. Sekuyisikhathi eside iqukethe amakamelo akhethekile ngaphansi kombuso othile wokushisa. Inqubo yokuguga ingathatha cishe iminyaka engamashumi amahlanu. Inkuni ye-Oak iqinisa i-cognac ngezinye izingxenye ezithile futhi ishesha kakhulu izinqubo zokunciphisa i-oxidation. Umoya ungena ewayini ngokusebenzisa ama-pores of the imiphongolo, okwenza isiqu esisha elimnandi. Ngenxa yalokho, isiphuzo sithola ukunambitheka kwesici kanye nombala wegolide oyingqayizivele, i-ductility iyanyamalala. Inqubo yokuguga i-cognac izuza wonke ama-flavour amasha. Ngemuva kweminyaka eyishumi, amathoni we-resin-vanilla abonakala ngokugcwele.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwama-cognac aseFrance

Ukuhlukaniswa kube yizinhlobo ezilandelayo kuthuthukiswa yi-National Interprofessional Bureau of Beverages. Ukuthenga utshwala obukhiqizwa eFrance, kufanele uqaphele izinhlamvu ezinkulu zesiLatini kule ilebuli. VS - yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi izinkanyezi ezintathu. Iziphuzo nalezi zifinyezo, njengombuso, zineziqephu ezingaphezulu kweminyaka emibili nengxenye. Amalebula anezinhlamvu zesiLatini VO afakwe ezinkathini ezindala kunazo zonke zaseFrance. Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-alcohol elite, njengoba umthetho, kusekelwe ekugugeni. Isibonelo, izimpawu ze-VSOP zibonisa utshwala obuphezulu kakhulu. It has a tinge ukukhanya. Ukugcinwa kweziphuzo ezinjalo emgqonyeni kungapheli iminyaka emine. Ama-cognac okuthiwa i-VVSOP aneminyaka eminingi ubudala (cishe iminyaka emihlanu), ngakho-ke, kangcono kakhulu ngekhwalithi. Iziphuzo ezengeziwe ezidala (EO) ziphakathi kwamadala kakhulu. Ukuvezwa kwabo kungaphansi kweminyaka eyisithupha. Kulesi simo, amagama alandelayo atholakale egameni lotshwala: Ngaphandle kweminyaka, Extra, Tres Vieux, Napoleon, Vieille Reserve.

Izinhlobo ze-Elite

Ngokuba iziphuzo ezindala kuneminyaka eyisithupha, ukuhlukaniswa kwe-cognac akukwenziwa ngokuchayeka. I-National Interprofessional Bureau ichaza lokhu ngokulula. Iphuzu elilodwa ukuthi ukuxuba utshwala nokuvimbela okunjalo akunakwenzeka ukulawula. Ukuziqhenya okukhethekile ezindlini zeCognac zaseFrance kuyiziphuzo eziphakeme. Ngokwesilinganiso, iminyaka yabo ifinyelela eminyakeni engu-30-60. Ngenxa yalolu hlobo lwotshwala, ukuhlukaniswa kwendabuko ye-cognac akusetshenzisiwe. Njengomthetho, igama lamayini ama-elite asebenzisa amagama ayo: "Hine Family Reserve", "uRemi Martin Louis XIII", "Camus Jubilee", njll.

Abakhiqizi baseFrance

Iziphuzo ze-cognac zaleli zwe elimangalisayo zibhekwa njengento engcono kakhulu emhlabeni. Kuze kube manje, kukhona abakhiqizi abaningana abakhulu bokuphuza utshwala. Umholi wezimakethe uphawu lokuthengisa lwe-Hennessy, olusungulwe ngo-1765. Abakhiqizi be "Remy Martin" bagxile kuphela ekudalweni utshwala obukhulu. Ngo-1835, i-cognac ye-trade mark ethi "Courvoisier", eyanikezelwa izidingo zenkantolo yaseFrance, yazalwa. Ikhwalithi evelele ihlukaniswa iziphuzo "Heine" (1763), "Gauter" (1755) ne "Martel" (1715).

Indawo yokuvela

Akuyona imfihlo ukuthi ukunambitheka okhethekile okumnandi kanye nephunga elimangalisayo elimnandi kutholakala kuwo wonke umhlaba jikelele weFrance. Ukuhlelwa kweziphuzo kuyenziwa ngokwendlela esifakwe ngayo utshwala. Igama elithi "Grande Shampagne" libonisa ukuthi utshwala lwadalwa esifundazweni saseGrand Champagne. Kulapha ukuthi amagilebhisi anamathele kunazo zonke nakancane ayakhula. Umbhalo oqoshiwe othi "I-Fine Shampagne" kusho ukuthi i-cognac yenziwa ngxube yezithelo ezikhulile ePitite naseGran Champagne ngokwesilinganiso se-50/50. Ezinye izifunda lapho amagilebhisi akhule, njengombuso, awabonwanga.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwama-cognac yaseRussia

E-Russian Federation nakwamanye amazwe e-CIS yangaphambili, le nhlangano elandelayo yamukelwa.

• Iziphuzo ezivamile ze-cognac. Ukuvezwa kwabo kuvela eminyakeni emithathu kuya kwemihlanu. Okuqukethwe ushukela kuma-sampuli anjalo akuwona okungaphezulu kuka-1, 5%, kanti isabelo sobuswa cishe ngu-40%. Amacognac ejwayelekile aphawulwa yinani elithile lezinkanyezi, ngokuvamile kusuka ku-3 kuya ku-5. Ukuguga okujwayelekile kwezihlobo zalolu hlobo kungu-5 iminyaka. Ama-cognac ejwayelekile ngamagama akhethekile anesilinganiso se-alcohol esingaba ngu-42%, ushukela - 1.5%. Ukukhuthazela kwabo akuyona iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-4. Lezi ziphuzo ziphawulwe ngezinkanyezi ezine.
• I-cognac ye-vintage ine-exposure engaphezu kweminyaka eyisithupha. Lezi ziphuzo zinamagama azo. Okuqukethwe ushukela kotshwala kuphakathi kuka-2.5%, kanti utshwala luphakathi kuka-40-50%. Kanti, iziphuzo ezidumile zihlukaniswe zibe izinhlobo eziningana. Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-cognac yalolu hlobo kanje: HF - utshwala, oneminyaka engenani eyisithupha; I-KVVK - iziphuzo zezinga eliphezulu kakhulu. Ngokwesilinganiso, ukuvezwa kwabo sekuyiminyaka eyisishiyagalombili. I-OC ne-COP - i-cognac endala kakhulu. Bavezwe iminyaka engu-10-15.
• Kukhona neziphuzo zokuqoqa. Ziyi-cognac ye-vintage eyenziwe ngomumo, engaphezulu kweminyaka eminingi emva kokuxuba emiphongolweni ye-oak cishe iminyaka emithathu.

Uhlu ngokunambitheka

Emasimini ase-USSR yangaphambili, kuye ngokuthi isiphuzo sotshwala esinamakha, kukhona ukuhlukaniswa okulandelayo kwe-cognac. Iqembu lokuqala lihlanganisa iziphuzo ezikhiqizwa e-Azerbaijan (i-Gek-Gel, i-Baku), i-Armenia (ikhethiwe, iJubile), i-Uzbekistan ne-Dagestan. Ukuphuza ngokweqile lawa mazwe anambitheka ngokuqinile, ama-extractivities athuthukisiwe namathoni we-vanilla. Iqembu lesibili liqukethe ama-cognac ezenziwe e-Krasnodar Territory ne-Georgia ("Eniseli", "Sakartvelo", "Tbilisi", "Vardzia" brand). Ziyi-extractive, fresh, ezikhanyayo, ezinamathoni ezimbali. Iqembu lesithathu lihlanganisa iMoldovan ("Sunny", "Festive", "Doina", "Surprise", "Chisinau", "Codru") neziphuzo zase-Ukraine. Zivumelana, zinezimbali eziyingqayizivele, iphunga elimnandi lika-vanilla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, aziqapheli kakhulu kunezidakamizwa zase-Armenia nase-Azerbaijan.

Izwe lemimoya emihle lihlukile kakhulu. Sithemba ukuthi lolu hlu lwe-cognac luzokusiza ukuba ubhekane nenkinga yokuzikhethela.