Ukukhishwa kwe-Currant ekwindla. I-currant isetshenziswe ekwindla ezivela ezinambuzane

I-currant yisitshalo esingenakuzithoba ekukhuleni. Kodwa ukuthi i-shrub inikeza njalo izithelo ezihlwabusayo nezomnandi, kuyadingeka emva kokuvuna ukufeza ukufakelwa kwayo kanye nokusika izihlahla. Ukucutshungulwa kwe-currant ekwindla kuzoba usizo kakhulu. Kuzosiza ukugcina umhlabathi owomanzi, uwucebise nge-oksijeni, futhi ulahle izinambuzane ezinonya.

Indlela yokunakekela i-currant ekwindla

Kuyaziwa ukuthi kuphela ukukhula okusebenzayo kwe-shrub ukuvunwa okucebile kungenzeka. Kungcono ama-saplings ayosinda ngonyaka wokuqala, amajikijolo avuthiwe angavuna. Ngakho-ke, kusukela ngonyaka wokuqala wokutshala, isihlahla se-currant sidinga ukunakekelwa okufanele, ukucubungula nokudala izimo ezihle zokukhiqiza ukukhula nokukhula ngokujwayelekile.

Ukufinyelela isivuno esikhulu kungenzeka kuphela ngokulima umhlabathi njalo, ukufaka umquba wokufaka umquba, ukuchelela okuhlelekile nokusika izihlahla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indawo ebalulekile ekusetshenzisweni kwe-currants ekwindla ukulawula izinambuzane. Ukuvimbela lesi sigameko ukucasula isihlahla, kwanele ukulungisa kahle inhlabathi ebusika: susa wonke amaqabunga bese uhlela zonke izingqimba zalo, uvumele umhlaba ukubuyisela isakhiwo saso.

Ukulungiswa okunjalo kwenhlabathi yesizini esilandelayo kanye nokufaka umanyolo owengeziwe ngamaminerali nezitshalo eziphilayo ngeke kushiye ithuba lezinambuzane. Ukucubungula i-Currant ekwindla kuyindlela ephoqelekile yokuvuna esizayo. Njengoba bethi, silungisa i-sleigh ehlobo.

Ukulungiselela inhlabathi yokufakelwa kabusha

I-autumn yisikhathi esivundile kunazo zonke sokutshala izihlahla ezintsha ze-currant nokufakelwa kabusha izidala. Kule nkathi lapho inhlabathi ihlanganisa khona futhi ixazulula kancane, okudala izimo ezinhle kakhulu zokukhula okusheshayo nokuphezulu kwezithombo entwasahlobo. Ngakho-ke, ungayilungisa kanjani inhlabathi yokufakelwa kwe-shrub?

I-currant, ikakhulukazi emnyama, iyisiko esinomswakama, ngakho-ke inhlabathi enomswakama kufanele ikhethwe ukufakelwa kabusha, mhlawumbe ezindaweni ezinomthamo osenyakatho-ntshonalanga. Uma kunokwenzeka, khetha i-loam esindayo noma inhlabathi ephakathi.

Insimu yokuhlwanyela kwamahlumela kumele kuqala ihlanganiswe futhi ihlelwe ngokuhlelekile, isuse wonke ama-debris futhi ikhulule kuwo ukhula. Khumbula ukuthi i-currant ayithandi nje kuphela emanzi, kodwa futhi inhlabathi evulekile. Ngakho-ke ekwindla isayithi libunjwa ngokujulile futhi londliwa ngama-humus noma umquba. Kungenzeka ukutshala umhlaba nge-potassium ne-superphosphate. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kufanele kwenziwe ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba. I-currant ye-transplant yenza amasonto amathathu emva kokufaka umquba emhlabathini. Ngalesi sikhathi, inhlabathi izohlala, futhi izimbobo ezilungiselelwe ukutshala zizohlala.

Kulungile kanjani ukufakelwa kabusha i-currant?

Noma yisiphi isiko engadini sinokuzikhethela kokutshala. Akuyona into ehlukile neyibhisikidi. Ukufakelwa okulungile kwe-currant ekwindla kanje:

• Umgodi wesihlahla kufanele uguqulwe ububanzi obungama-35 cm futhi ulinganise 40x40 cm.
• Ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo, lo mthombo ugcwala ama-50 g we-sulphate, amabhakede amaningana we-peat noma umquba, 200 g we-superphosphate nama-25 g we-potassium chloride.

• Hlanganisa isihlahla emgodini kuyadingeka ngaphansi komthamo.
• Emva kokutshala, ifafazwe umhlaba phansi bese iphuza kakhulu.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-currant itshalwe emigqeni, ibanga eliphakathi okungenani okungamamitha ayi-1.5.

Kuyini ukusetshenziswa ukusika izihlahla?

Ukucubungula kwezihlahla ze-currant ekwindla kuhlotshaniswa nokudubula kwezihlahla. Inqubo enjalo yonyaka izovumela isitshalo ukuba sivame njalo. Kusemagatsheni amancane, aneminyaka engaphansi kweminyaka emibili ubudala, futhi ama-ovaries amasha akhiwa, kuyilapho amagatsha amadala efa.

Inqubo yokuqothula iyadingeka futhi ibalulekile njengokufaka umanyolo emhlabathini nokuwuthambisa. Kungani kubalulekile ukucubungula i-currant ekwindla ngokunciphisa?

1. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ukwandise isivuno.
2. Ukukhula kwamahlumela amancane kukhula, ngakho-ke, ikhwalithi lamajikijolo yenziwa ngcono. Ukuthola ukukhanya okukhulu, baba ama-vitamine amakhulu, amanzi, amnandi, anamafutha amaningi kunomdala emthunzini.
3. Ukucubungula i-currant ekwindla kwandisa isikhathi sokuqhakaza, okusho ukuthi isihlahla singathela izithelo cishe iminyaka engamashumi amabili.

Izigaba eziyinhloko zokucubungula

Ukusika isihlahla akugcini nje ukwandisa isivuno, kodwa futhi kusiza umsebenzi we-horticulturist. Ukuqothula kokuqala kwe-currant kufanele kwenziwe ngokushesha ngemuva kokufika emhlabathini, kusale kuphela ukuhluma okuphansi emhlabathini. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngaphambi kweqhwa lokuqala, ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba. Ngakho kuyoba nesikhathi esanele sokuba izinkampani ziphulukise, ukubuyiselwa okujwayelekile kudlulile.

Ngalokhu udinga:

• Sika wonke amagatsha amadala amajikijolo amancane.
• Amagatsha angaphakathi aminyene athwalwa.
• Ingxenye yehlathi elilele phansi liyasuswa.
• Amagatsha aphukile nabuthakathaka anqunywa ngaphandle kwamahlumela.

Ukwakha isihlahla esisha esisha, amagatsha angu-5-6 azokwanele. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kwezihlahla ze-currant ekwindla ngendlela yokwehlisa kuzokusiza ukuqinisa ukukhula kwamahlumela okumpande, ngakho-ke, ukubonakala kwamajikijolo amakhulu nakakhulu. Ukuqeda ukusika kungadingeka iminyaka engama-4-5 emva kokufika emhlabathini. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-currant isihlahla esivuthiwe sesivele sakhiwe.

Izici zokucubungula

Izitshalo ezivame kakhulu zensiza yi-currant emnyama. Inani lalo likhona okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwamavithamini amajikijolo, amaqabunga, amaqabunga kanye namahlumela e-shrub. Lesi sitshalo sithanda umswakama nokukhanya.

Inqubo yokwakhiwa kwesihlahla ivela ngendlela ehlukile kunezinye izinhlobo. Ukucubungula i-currant emnyama ekwindla kuhlotshaniswa nokuqothula kwamagatsha, kepha kukhona kuphela okucacile.

• Ukwenziwa kwezithelo kwenzeka emahlathini omnyaka odlule nasemasongweni.
• Ukudubula i-currant emnyama kwenziwa ngokushesha ngemva kokufika emhlabathini, kodwa kuphela ukusika wonke amahlumela, kushiya amagatsha amathathu aqine kakhulu anezithelo ezifakwe kuwo.
• Eminyakeni emithathu eyalandela, ukhula ngamagatsha abuthakathaka nezifo, ikakhulukazi ngamahlumela wonyaka.
• Uma ukwakhiwa kwamahlumela asempumalanga kungampofu, ke ukusika izigatshana eziyinhloko 1-2, ngaleyo ndlela kukhuthaze ukukhula kwamahlumela amancane.
• Ukubunjwa kwehlathi kuphelile ngonyaka wesithathu nesine. Ngenxa yalokho, kutholakala amagatsha angu-12 aneminyaka ehlukene kanye nokukhula okuncane.

I-currant emnyama idinga nokudla njalo. Ekwindla kudingekile ukuba ugeze umshini wezihlahla ezinyangeni ezimbili kuya kwezintathu. Kungani kufanele lokhu kwenziwe ekwindla? Iphuzu liwukuthi ukuze umanyolo ulethe izinzuzo zehlathi, kuthatha isikhathi. Phela, izinto eziphilayo, ezifana nomquba wenkukhu, umquba, zizobola izinyanga ezingu-6. Futhi uzoqala ukuphazamisa isihlahla se-currant kuphela ngo-Mashi, kanti izinyanga ezintathu ezizayo zizophazamisa ukuthuthukiswa komzimba we-vegetative. Ngakho-ke, inhlabathi kufanele ilashwe ngale ndlela unyaka wonke, ukuze ikhule njalo, futhi i-shrub ithole izakhi.

Izinambuzane nezifo, ukulwa nabo

Ukuvikelwa kwe-currant ezinambuzane nezifo eziyingozi kubandakanya izinyathelo eziningi. Kodwa isisekelo esiyinhloko empini yokulwa nabo yisigubhu sokuqala semithetho yobuchwepheshe bezolimo. Insimu egcinwe kahle izokuvimbela ukubonakala kwezinambuzane, ngakho-ke izifo. Yini okudingeka uyenze lokhu?

I-currant isetshenziswe ekwindla ezivela ezinambuzane nezifo Kumelwe kwenziwe ngokuvumelana nemithetho elandelayo:

• Kudingeka ukuthola izinhlobo ezingahambisani nezinambuzane nezifo eziyingozi.
• Sebenzisa kokubili izidakamizwa ezinambuzane nezinambuzane.

• Ukwelashwa kwe-currant ekwindla kusuka ezifweni kuhilela ukuhlunga izihlahla. Kungcono ukukwenza ngesikhathi sezulu, ekuseni noma kusihlwa. Ungalisebenzisi ngemva kwamazolo, ngaphambi noma ngemva kwemvula!
• Sebenzisa imishini yokuzivikela.
• Ukwelapha ngamalungiselelo amakhemikhali kanye nezifo eziningana zingenziwa kuze kube kasikhombisa ngenkathi. Kodwa lokhu kumele kudlule izinsuku ezingu-20 ngaphambi kokuvuna amajikijolo.

Ngokubheka lezi zimiso zokuqala, kungenzeka ukugwema izifo ze-currant ezingathandeki ezifana ne- powdery isikhutha, i- goblet rust, i-anthracnose, i-currant isithungu sezinyosi kanye nezinye.

Indlela yokubhekana nezinambuzane zokugunda ze-currants

Ngesikhathi sokuhluma kwezimbali kanye nokwakhiwa kwe-ovary yokuqala, i-sawfly enamaphilisi enemilenze iyinkimbinkimbi eyingozi. Owesilisa ubeka amaqanda phezulu kwamagatsha, futhi ku-ovary enkulu kakhulu. Evela kumaqanda, izibungu zidla okuqukethwe okukhishwa amajikijolo. Ekupheleni kwenkathi yokuvuna, izimpungushe zingena emgodini zihlaba umxhwele emhlabathini bese ziwela emhlabathini ebusika.

Uma ulwa nale nkathazo, izikhathi ezimbili ngenkathi udinga ukuhlanza izihlahla ze-currant ngesisombululo se-bitoxybacillin noma i-lepidocide ngezinga lika-60 g ngalinye ngamalitha ayishumi amanzi. Indlela ephumelelayo yokulawula i-sawfly itshafaza amahlumela nge-decoction nokukhipha izitshalo ezifana nomhlonyane nogwayi. Ukwelashwa kwe-currant ekwindla ezivela ezinambuzane, ikakhulukazi, kusukela ku-sawfly ephahlazekayo, kusho ukukhululeka kwenhlabathi nokumba. Amacimbi angaphambi kwamanga agxuma emanzini e-oilcloth bese ebhubhisa.

Izinambuzane eziyingozi ikakhulukazi i-currant yi-mite yezinso. Lithinta ama-80% wezinso zaso sonke isihlahla. Ethintwa yiyo, izinso ziyavalwa. Amaqabunga aphendukile futhi aguquke.

Zonke izinhlobo ze-currant zonakaliswe ngilazi ye-currant. Lena inkathazo eyingozi kakhulu. Amacimbi enza amavesi enhliziyweni yamagatsha. Amahlumela aqala ukukhula kabi, asomile futhi afe. Ukulwa nale nkathazo entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuba amaqabunga avuke, udinga ukusika amahlumela abonakalisiwe. Bangaba nezibungu. Siza futhi sishaye izihlahla nezidakamizwa "Fitoverm" (2 ml ngalinye ilitha 1 amanzi).