Ukunyakaza okungahambelani. Izifo zesimiso sezinzwa

Wonke umuntu onempilo uyakwazi ukulawula ukunyakaza kwakhe, okungukuthi, angakwazi, ngentando yakhe, aphuze noma aqhubekele ukunyakaza kwezitho, ashintshe ukuphakama kwawo nokuqondisa kokunyakaza. Nokho, isimo sishintsha ngokuphawulekayo uma kunezinkinga ezihlukahlukene zesimiso sezinzwa. Ngokuyinhloko, uma inqubo ithinta indawo eqondisa umsebenzi wezimoto, ukunyakaza okungazibandakanyi kubonakala. Ake sicabangele izimpikiswano ezinkulu zezimoto ezihlobene nale nqubo.

Izifo zesimiso sezinzwa zomuntu

Uhlelo lwezinzwa, olwakhiwa phakathi (ikhanda nomgogodla) kanye ne-peripheral (izinzwa, izinqubo zezinzwa nokuphela) kwalolu hlelo, lilawula zonke izinqubo ezenzeka emzimbeni womuntu. Ukuhlukumeza emisebenzini yakhe kubonakala ngezifo ezihlukahlukene ezithinta kokubili umsebenzi wezitho zangaphakathi nezinhlelo, nomsebenzi ophakeme wezinzwa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi isistimu yezinzwa igxiliwe kakhulu, futhi ingxenye ngayinye ihlukile. Ngokuvamile, esinye sezibonakaliso zezifo zesimiso sezinzwa kukhona ukuphazamiseka kwezimoto, kuhlanganise nokunyakaza okungazibandakanyi. Njengomthetho, okujwayelekile kakhulu:

• Ukudumala (ukuthuthumela) - kubonisa ukungaguquki, ukuguquguquka komzimba kwesigungu somzimba (kaningi kuyinhloko noma izandla);
• I-Hyperkinesis - ukunyakaza kwama-muscular okwandisiwe, okungafani nokuzamazama okukhulu kwamakhulu;
• I-Myoclonus - ukuphazamiseka okungazelelwe, ngokungazelelwe kokuzibandakanya kwamaqembu omzimba (ama-muscle), abamba umzimba wonke, ingxenye yayo noma izingalo.

Ukuthuthumela okukhulu

Lolu hlobo lokuthuthumela lunenye yezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zokunyakaza okungazibandakanyi. Ingabonakala kokubili ebusheni nasekugugeni. Ngokuvamile ifa elifa liba yisisindo. Lolu hlobo lokunyakaza okungenakuzikhethela luyisithuthumayo se-postural esivela uma ushintsha isikhundla sesandla esisodwa kuqala, bese-ke. Kungakhuthaza kangangokuthi kuvimbela ukubhala, ukugcina izinto ezincane ezandleni zayo. Ngokuvame ukwenzeka lokhu, lokhu kwenzeka lapho kuphazamiseka nangemva kokuphuza utshwala. Le nqubo ingathatha ikhanda, inhlama, ulimi, kanye ne-trunk nemilenze. Nokho, ngokuvamile ukuthuthumela okubalulekile ukuthuthumela kwezandla. Ukwelashwa ezimweni eziningi akudingeki. Uma ukuzamazama kunomuntu ohloniphekile futhi kuphazamisa impilo evamile yomuntu, njengomthetho, i-neurologist ibeka i-beta-blockers. Uma injabulo nemizwelo yinto ebangela ukuthuthumela kwesandla, ukwelashwa kungabandakanya ukuthatha izinxushunxushu.

Isifo sikaParkinson

Esinye isifo esivamile, isibonakaliso esingaba yimpumelelo yokusebenza kwemishini, isifo sikaParkinson. Lezi zifo zihlobene nokufa kancane kancane kwe-neurons yobuchopho okukhiqiza i-dopamine (umlamuleli olawula ukunyakaza kanye nezwi le-muscle). Ngokwezibalo, lesi sifo sithinta wonke umuntu ongamakhulu ayisishiyagalolunye odlulile umngcele weminyaka engamashumi ayisithupha. Amadoda agula kaningi kunabesifazane. Izimbangela zesifo azange zifundwe ngokuningiliziwe. Ngomuntu othola ukuxilongwa njengesifo sikaParkinson, ukwelashwa, ngeshwa, kuyisibonakaliso futhi akuqinisekisi ukululama.

Njengomthetho, izimpawu zokuqala zesifo zivame ukungabonakali. Njengoba intuthuko iqala, ukuxilonga kwezandla kunciphisa, ukulinganisa ukubolekisa, ubuso obumaskki bubonakala. Futhi kukhona ukuzamazama kwamaphethelo, ukunyakaza okungenakuzikhethela kwekhanda, inkulumo iphukile, ikhono lokulawula ukunyakaza kwawo. Ukuhamba kancane kungashintshwa ngokugijima okungaqondakali, okuyinto isiguli esingakwazi ukuma yedwa. Esikhathini esizayo, izinkinga ezingalingani nokuhamba zikhula.

Ukwelapha

Njengoba isifo esinjalo njengesifo sikaParkinson, ukwelashwa kuvame ukuncishiswa ekusebenziseni izidakamizwa ezinciphisa ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyibona ekuqaleni kwezinyathelo. Uma izimpawu zokuqala zivela, uma kunethuba lokunciphisa ukubhujiswa kwama-brain neurons, kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko se-neurologist.

Kuze kube manje, isidakamizwa esiyinhloko esinciphisa inqubo ye-pathological, "i-Levodofa." Isetshenziselwa ngokuhlanganyela namanye amaqembu eziningana zezidakamizwa, kodwa, ngeshwa, inganciphisa ukuqhubekela phambili kwesifo. Kodwa-ke, ukucwaninga okusebenzayo ekuhlinzekeni ukwelashwa kwesifo sikaPasinson okwamanje kuyindlela - ukufakelwa kwamaseli akwazi ukukhiqiza i-dopamine.

I-Chorea

Esinye isifo, isibonakaliso saso yi-hyperkinesis (ukunyakaza okungalawuleki), yi-chorea. Ngomqondo walo obanzi kakhulu, kungenzeka ukuthi kuthiwa iyinkimbinkimbi yezibonakaliso, ngoba izimbangela ezibangela ukuthi zihluke kakhulu. I-Chorea ibonakaliswa ukunyakaza okungazibandakanyi kwezitho, ikhanda nesiqu. Imisipha yolimi nobuso ingase ibandakanyeke. Ngokuvamile, lezi zintuthuko zifaniswa nalabo abathintekile futhi badansa. Isici ukuthi phakathi nokulala zonke izimpawu ziphela ngokuphelele.

Izimbangela ze-chorea

Njengoba sekushiwo kakade, ukunyakaza okungazibandakanyi nge-chorea kungabangelwa izimbangela eziningi ezingavumelani. Izici ezivame kakhulu ziyi:

• I-Heredity - enezifo eziningi ezakhiwe njengezifo zofuzo, ezifana nesifo sikaKonovalov-Wilson, kukhona uphawu lwe-chorea;
• Ukukhubazeka kwesiberethri;
• Ukusebenzisa isikhathi eside izidakamizwa - kungaba yi-neuroleptics, antiemetics;
• Izifo ezithathelwanayo - ukunyakaza okungajwayelekile ezinganeni (okuncane kakhulu kwe-chorea) kwenzeka ngemuva kwe-streptococcal angina;
• Ukwanele okungapheli kokuhlinzeka ngegazi le-cerebral;
• Izifo ezithintekayo zobuchopho (vasculitis);
• Ukuphazamiseka kwe-hormonal (ikakhulukazi, okwenziwe ngokwanele umsebenzi we-parathyroid).

Ukwelashwa kwe-chorea kuncike ekubambeni okubangele. Kungaba ukwelashwa kwesifo esiyinkimbinkimbi, ukukhanselwa kwezidakamizwa noma ukunciphisa umthamo wayo uma imbangela idlulele ngokweqile, kanye nokwelapha okuphawulekayo ekuphefumuleni kwe- cerebral nokukhubazeka kwegazi. Nge-chorea yanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-etiology, ama-vithamini eqenjini lamabhiliki namalungiselelo okuthuthukisa ukudla okunomsoco futhi akhuthaze ukusebenza kobuchopho (i-neurotrophic, nootropic).

I-Myoclonias

Enye inhlangano yokuzibandakanya i-myoclonus. Ngokuvamile lesi simo singabonwa kuwe noma kubantu abazungezile lapho belele. Yathola futhi igama elithi "ama-nocturnal jerks". Njengomthetho, ziphephile ngokuphelele, kodwa kwezinye izimo zivezwa ngendlela yokuthi kukhona ukwephulwa kokulala. Ngokuvamile lokhu kwenzeka uma umuntu ekhululekile futhi ekulungele ukulala. Imisipha yezinyosi ingabangela umsindo noma ezinye izinto zangaphandle, futhi inqubo yokulala ingaba yinkinga enkulu. Ngokuvamile ukulala kwe-myoclonic akudingi ukwelashwa.

Isimo siba sibi nakakhulu uma umuntu enesifo se-myoclonic noma e-convulsions. Njengomthetho, zingenye yezibonakaliso zesifo esibi kakhulu njengesithuthwane. Ukuhlaselwa kweMiklonicheskiy kungabangela ukuwa, okuyilapho kunengozi enkulu yokuhlukunyezwa noma ukulimala kwengqondo ebuhlungu. Isikhathi sokuhlasela singama-1-2 imizuzwana, iqala ngokungazelelwe futhi iphela ngokungazelelwe.

Amagundane e-Myoclonic avame ukubonakaliswa yiziphazamiso zemizimba ezandleni. Ezikhathini zokuqala, isiguli kuphela esiyazibona; ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ziyancipha - umuntu wehlisa izinto, akakwazi ukubamba ezandleni zabo. Ngokuvamile, ukuhlaselwa okunjalo kubonakala ngemva kwamahora ambalwa ngemva kokuvuka. Uma ukuhanjiswa okungenakufika kubachwepheshe, inqubo yenziwa ngokujwayelekile, futhi ukuxilongwa kwe-tonic-clonic nokungazi kahle kuyongezwa ukuxuba emlenzeni.

I-Hyperkinesia ezinganeni

Ukunyakaza okungenalutho kungathinta kokubili abadala kanye nezingane, kuyilapho lezi zinsuku zivame kakhulu ukubonakaliswa kwemikhaza. Ngokuvamile lokhu kuboniswa ngokuphindaphindiwe okuphindaphindiwe kwamaqembu ahlukahlukene emisipha yobuso. Njengomthetho, izinto ezinjalo zenzeka ngemuva kokuzijabulisa ngokweqile noma ngokweqile kwengane. Enye i-hyperkinesis evamile ezinganeni i-chorea. Ibhekwa ngokuthinta izikhathi ngezimpande zekhanda nekhanda lehlombe. Isizathu esiyinhloko ngokuvamile kuvame ukucindezeleka ingane, okungenzeka kube yinto engadingekile, ngokombono womuntu omdala. Yingakho abazali kudingeka babheke ngokucophelela ukubonakaliswa okuncane kokunyakaza okungenakuzithandela ezinganeni zabo.

Njengoba ubona, umuntu onempilo uyakwazi ukwenza kokubili ukunyakaza okuzithandela nokuzibandakanya. Kodwa-ke, uma beqala ukuthinta ikhwalithi yokuphila, ukubonisana kwezinzwa ze-neurologist kuyadingeka.