Umnotho Greece manje (kafushane). Izimpawu emnothweni ngesiGreki. Umnotho we Ancient Greece

EGreece inarha ebumbeneko, esemgwaqweni sesihlasela ingxenye eseningizimu ye-Europe. Umbiko uqhuba uthi yakamuva bakulelo zwe abantu nje kwetigidzi letili-11. Hellenic Republic ihlanganisa indawo obuyizinkulungwane 132 square metres. km. Okwamanje, isimo ibaluleke izinkinga zomnotho, okwaphumela ezitaladini ezinkulu woza iziteleka engapheli, imibhikisho kokuqagela sicasulwa.

izwe iphrofayela

Inhloko-dolobha yaseGreece kuyinto Athens. The main umzimba zomthetho - ePhalamende. Entwasahlobo ka-2015 i-Umengameli wezwe kuyinto Prokopis Pavlopoulos. Greece ithola uzibuse ngo 1821, ehlukanisiwe WaseTurkey sompristi.

Kutholwe inarha ebumbeneko ku iNhlonhlo Yamazwe AseBalkan. Engaphansi yezwe awela iziqhingi eziningi indawo. Greece ngokwayo ihlukaniswe yaba izifunda zokuphatha 13. Bahlanza kwakunenqaba yabaseThrace, Icarian, Aegean, eKrethe, Ionian nezilwandle iMedithera. Inani umhlaba komngcele emazweni anjenge-Albania, eBulgaria, Turkey naseMakedoniya. Population ngu 98% Orthodox. Naphezu amagugu ecebile zamasiko nezomlando, isikhundla wamanje we Greece kwezombangazwe zezwe futhi umnotho usuku ngalunye oludlulayo kuba tenuous ngaphezulu. Izwe ubuswa nezokulima nezezimboni. Ingxenye enkulu inzuzo isimo esikuso kanye nezokuvakasha.

Umsuka wegama umnotho

IGrisi yasendulo libizwa nemizana lasendulo ukuthi uvele ekuqaleni yokuqala yeminyaka BC. e. ogwini futhi iziqhingi kahle noLwandle LwaseMedithera. Ngalezo zinsuku, impucuko eziphambili kakhulu yayimane nje eRoma bese kuba iGrisi. Umnotho yayisekelwe uhlelo senceku. Kuyinto yangasese isisekelo umsebenti wetemnotfo.

Umphakathi kanye wekuba sive kwakheka kancane kancane nge ukuthuthukiswa kwezikhungo zentando yeningi. Hellas wayedabuka i republic ahlukile. Umnotho yaseGrisi yasendulo kwakuxhomeke ngokuphelele ezomnotho izinqubomgomo akhiwa noqhekeko omphakathi. idolobha ngalinye united impahla aristocrats. Amalungu isigxobo kwadingeka amalungelo ezombangazwe nalawo onawo. Yibo labo wabeka izisekelo ubudlelwane yemali kanye lezimpahla. Umkhakha eyinhloko umnotho wezolimo, isibonelo, ukutshala amagilebhisi iminqumo. Ukulandela Izinkomo zadlula (izimvu, izimbuzi kanye nokunye. D.). Ochwepheshe kanye nabalimi wahlanganyela ukuhweba. Emuva ezinsukwini ubudala yaseGrisi amazwe kwakumelwe ocebile ezifana izinsiza ewusizo, njengoba nje nethusi, nesiliva, negolide, okuhola nawokwenza zemabula.

Kutfutfukiswa umnotho yesimanje

Sokuthuthwa kwempahla wokusebenza kwezimali sihlehlela emuva 1996. Ngakho-GDP zaba cishe u- $ 120 billion. Per umuntu ngonyaka ukuthola $ 11.500. Khona-ke, i-ashukumisayo tilinganiso ukubuya phakathi abaholi aseYurophu kwaba nje Greece. Umnotho republic sika ngesikhathi yayisekelwe ekuphumeleleni komkhakha wezolimo kanye nezimboni. I isabelo mikhakha zaba ngaphezulu kuka-55%. Ezinye izindaba zika-iphesenti wabelane phakathi amasevisi kanye nezintela ezinhlanganweni ezokuvakasha. Kungasebenti ingeqi 11%.

Ekuqaleni kwekhulu 21th kwaphawulwa lizwe izinguquko ezinkulu zezimali. EGrisi evele edonswa zimali angaphandle. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuba ekulinganiseni umnotho futhi ukuvala izikhala kwezinye zibalulekile. Ngakolunye - uhlelo kazwelonke okwadingeka bazivumelanise ngayo ukuhlanganiswa Western. Ngenxa yalokho, Greece isibe kancane kancane akhale nabalingani bayo e-European Union. Bamba dolobha kusiza kuphela loans elenza kusukela American, isiNtaliyane, isiFulentshi, Swiss namabhange German. Noma kunjalo, isici esiyinhloko komnotho isiGreki imikhakha azizange zishintshe. GDP kusuka kwezolimo 8.3%, ezonini zezimboni - up 27,3% kusukela kumasevisi - ezingaphezu kuka 64,4%. Ngesikhathi esifanayo izidingo zezakhamizi kaphethiloli ketshezi kuyendlulela kuphela ngezithukuthuku ukungeniswa.

izinkomba umnotho Jikelele

Omunye izizwe Agro-athuthukile yeYurophu Sekuyisikhathi eside kubhekwe ukuba Greece. umnotho wezwe on okulingana edlula ngisho amanye amalungu eyinhloko EU. Yini embi ngalo kuphela ebambezela ukuthuthukiswa kwamabubulo yaseGreece, yizinga isilinganiso ukukhiqizwa.

wemboni State inikeza kancane esingaphansi kwesigamu GDP. Lokhu kufezwa ngokusebenzisa ukuhweba evuthiwe futhi uhlelo yasebhange. Isabelo sabo sezimali ezingenile kanye ukuletha izinkampani zomshuwalense, kanye nezokuvakasha. Ngokuqondene umkhakha, eminyakeni yamuva enenzuzo kakhulu yiwona yendwangu, Petrochemical, ukudla kanye nezimboni Metallurgical. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, isixhumanisi wesitimela ibuthakathaka, engesiyo emoyeni futhi ulwandle. Ngokuvamile, emnothweni lesiGreki kafushane libhekene izingxenye ezimbili: yokujama tsi kohlelo yasebhange bese wehlisa ukukhula kwe-GDP. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi u-20% yemali inzuzo hlala isithunzi tranches.

Umkhakha Lezokulima

Isakhiwo imikhakha yezwe ithuthukiswe Ukuboshelwa futhi uhlasela lonke. Kodwa umkhakha ukukhanya omunye imibuso emikhulu uyaphinda Greece. umnotho wezwe is agcwaliswa kusukela kule imikhiqizo yokudoba cishe 19%. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ehilelekile umkhakha ukukhanya ezingaphezu kuka-21% wesibalo sabantu.

Ngezenzo kokuba misela nickel netshe, bauxite, Emery, magnetite, pyrite. athuthukiswe kahle ukukhiqizwa steel, isiqoqi sama-softwe, Woodworking. Letibalulekile basembonini yendwangu. Okubalulekile ukuze umnotho kuthumela.

Ezolimo kusekelwe izinhlangano umlimi yangasese. Ngenxa kubo emnothweni lesiGreki agcwaliswa ngonyaka 7%, futhi imayelana $ 16 bhiliyoni. Nomkhakha kuhlanganisa isilwane wezolimo ukunakekela, ezolimo nokudoba. Kuze kube manje, 41% ezweni wezwe elalihlala emadlelweni, kodwa 39% - amahlathi kanye ukulima.

izivakashi inzuzo

Greece ngonyaka wavakashelwa abangaba yizigidi ezingu-20 izivakashi. Izivakashi ukuletha endaweni yengcebo isimo ezingaphezu kuka-15% we-GDP. Izindawo njalo kunazo wavakashela kukhona emabhishi. Sunbathers nokubhukuda ukuza njalo ehlobo e-Athens, Chora, Heraklion, Thessaloniki nezinye ezinkulu resort amadolobha. Ukuheha izivakashi nge yobuhle balo nokuhlala emkhathini Amazing of ngokuvumelana iziqhingi ezifana Rhodes, eKrethe, Santorini, yePeloponnese, Mykonos. Ungabi kahle ukuze athole ukuthi ithini eziningi cruise izinkambo kahle noLwandle LwaseMedithera.

Noma kunjalo, ngo mbhangqwana yokugcina iminyaka kuye kwaba khona ngomkhumbi izivakashi eside. Kuphela engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2015 kwakukhona 22% uma kuqhathaniswa nangonyaka kwakubikezelwe. Ngakho, umnotho Greece uhlulekile yizigidi eziyizinkulungwane 6.8 zamaRandi.

izivakashi eziningi zithi muva nje kube nenzuzo enkulu ukuya eholidini eCrimea, Bulgaria noma Turkey. Kukhona futhi amanani abaqotho kanye nezinsizakalo engcono.

Inkinga izikweletu

Njalo ukubolekisa ngonyaka utshalomali Greece sisondela ngokungenakuvinjelwa liphuma. Kuze kube manje, izikweletu zangaphandle we state angaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-450-euro. Le mali idlula GDP waminyaka yonke cishe 2 izikhathi. It kuvela, kuleli zwe elake ngempumelelo Greece, emnothweni kuthé balance. Ngokusho kochwepheshe, izikweletu Imininingwane e 2018 akwazi ukuxoxa 600 euro ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezintathu. Lena icala okungakaze kube khona ngadideka uhlelo hhayi kuphela ngesiGreki yasebhange, kodwa futhi ukuba beYurophu. Ngokwemvelo, azikho izinzuzo ngisho sokukhokhwa ubuncane.

UHulumeni ngesiGreki ezisheshayo banika zimali esikhulu siqotho Uhlelo azimele. Nokho, bekungaba kuphela ukuhlehlisa ngenakugwemeka. Okuzenzakalelayo kuleli zwe kakade seluqalile.

Izimbangela kunezinkinga zemali

Umnotho Greece manje esikhathini yokujama tsi. Ngo-January 2015 uhulumeni omusha kuleli zwe. umsebenzi ezikhonzayo kwaba ukucinga izindlela ekulinganiseni umnotho ngaphandle kosizo-European Central Bank.

Ngo-March 2015 Greece wenqaba ukukhokha isikweleti, ekufezeni ifomu elukhuni ngokwengxenye bhala-offs yayo. Ngo-June, wonke ukuthengiselana abangu sinqanyuliwe ne-Athens-International Monetary Fund. Inqubekela osekuzuziwe, futhi ne Central Bank of Europe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekuqaleni kuka July, uHulumeni asekelwe imiphumela inhlolovo ku zokuchithwa aid EU. Ngakho, umnotho Greece namuhla - kungcono okuzenzakalelayo ezijulile, ekhishwa okuyinto kuyotholakala hhayi ngokushesha.

credit usizo

ithuba Fat at ezibangela ukuzinza isimo esibucayi iyona ukwamukela i-European Commission. Inhlangano ukulungele ukunikeza Greece nge loan isikhathi esifushane in inani 7 euro ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezintathu. Lokhu kuzoholela okwesikhashana lizwe aphume okuzenzakalelayo. Nokho, ukuze abuyisele lokhu lemali kuyodingeka kuze Okthoba kulo nyaka, kukonke. Bekanye Greece, loan nezinye izimo usethe zigunyazwe umsebenzi okhethekile we-EU.

Ngokusho izindaba zakamuva, kuyacaca ukuthi leli qembu lika-Alexis Tsipras futhi iningi abasephalamende uvotela ukuvunyelwa ziphathelene EU. Manje Greece uzothola ithuba yokutakula esinqunyiwe.