Wempi enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. yempi Russian. I yempi entsha

wempi enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni kwakhiwa eRussia. Lokhu umkhumbi intelligence wabizwa ngokuthi "Ural".

Ukuthuthukiswa esiyingqayizivele isibe sisemanzini inhlekelele real imikhumbi yasekhaya. Konke lokhu kwaqala inombolo. Ngokumangalisayo, amakhulu nenhlanganisela inketho likhethiwe, 1941. Akubalulekile ngisho ukuchaza ukuthi yini ebangela inhlangano kwalezi zibalo ku izigidi zabantu. I nezimfihlakalo leli cala noma cha, kodwa iphrojekthi "Ural", elase kwandziswa ruble abangaphezu kwezigidi eziyinkulungwane zaseSoviet ukuphela abalethanga inzuzo.

Kungani kwakudingeka

Ukuze uqonde inhloso Abaklami Soviet ngikudalile wempi enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, sebephendukela esigabeni eningizimu ezimbili kuyiPacific Ocean. Lokho kukhona top-secret American ukuqeqeshwa phansi, lapho umhlaba InterContinental ezicitshwayo ballistic ezifana MX kanye "Minimes", umkhankaso waseCalifornia ukuhlola. Kusukela ngo-1983, le ndawo iye yaba nendima, futhi omunye isikhungo ucwaningo isimo, beqaphela yamaQhinga wezokuVikela isinyathelo. Umqondo indalo yayo kungokwalabo uRonald Reagan, wayehlele ukuphinde ukucisha eSoviet Union. Ngokushesha, nale landfill waqala yokuqalisa rocket kabani Inhloso kwakuwukuba nokunciphisa kanye ukubhubhisa sezikhali zenuzi Soviet. idatha Telemetry ku novivinyo olunjalo kungase kucacise ukuthi namaqhinga Reagan, kodwa babekwazi kanjani uthole? imikhumbi Yomphakathi ezifana "Academician Queen" noma "Cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin" ngezinjongo intelligence ezazingezinhle. Nakuba le mikhumbi ayenendawo ekhethekile uhlelo isivivinyo sokulinganisa lokuqapha isikhala izinto, abakwazanga ukukhiqiza zezobunhloli ukuthi kwenzekani base ngenhla Kwajalein.

Isizathu eyayibalulekile ukuthi abazange babe radar ukusebenza nokwengamela ezenziwe kuphela amasignali wathumela ngesathalayithi yasekhaya. Yingakho kwakukhona umbono ukwakha umkhumbi wempi onamandla, uyakwazi ukudoba konke ukwaziswa okukhona mayelana iyiphi into subcosmic kunoma iyiphi ingxenye trajectory kuzo zonke izindawo kwezilwandle. Kusukela 1941 ngaphansi Inombolo yephrojekthi Kuvezwe - "Titan". Lwakhiwe ngesisekelo Leningrad design bureau ngokuthi "Iceberg" wakha umkhumbi ezikulesi simila Baltic iqanjwe Ordzhonikidze.

umsebenzi onzima

Ukuze udale wempi enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, ahlome nobuchwepheshe bamuva, ke wayedinga electronics enamandla, noma ukuqoqa imali enkulu of ulwazi mayelana run Isivivinyo yezikhali ezicitshwayo American akunakwenzeka. On ukudalwa adingekayo ukuze "Ural" imishini esebenza nesishiyagalombili zezinkonzo nge iqhaza siqu Amahhovisi design yabo kanye zocwaningo. Ukuhlomisa ochwepheshe imishini umkhumbi wadala le njongo Leningrad ukukhiqizwa nemabhizinisi lobuchwepheshe ababehilelekile.

Imiphumela yomsebenzi

Wempi enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni kwaba ifakwe enamandla "Coral" uhlelo ukubhekwa. Kusekelwe ephezulu ukusebenza izinhlelo eziyisikhombisa electronic. Imininingwane abahlukile icutshungulwe ngesikhathi computer. Basinike ithuba nakancane izici yiziphi izinto isikhala at ibanga elingamastadiyu ayinkulungwane amakhilomitha. Njengoba Abadali amangalelwe ukuthutha izinto ezihambayo "Ural" Exhaust igesi Ukwakheka wakwazi ukucacisa imfihlo izingxenye nophethiloli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umkhumbi wempi ngobukhulu Russian possessed oluvelele ukusebenza ukuzivikela. Ngakho, ke kwaba ifakwe wezikhali, luhambisane cishe zingakuqeda yini ukuhlonyiswa ngezikhali ngumbhubhisi. Ammunition ngokwanele imizuzu okungenani amabili ukulwa okuqhubekayo. Ngezinye esikebheni kwakukhona izindiza lendlu yebhanoyi, okuyinto kulindile amaphiko indiza Ka-32.

Le mpi nezisebenzi

Ukuze ulawule "Ural" ithimba Kwakudzingeka izinkulungwane zabantu, iningi labo okungenani ezine amaphoyisa nezikhulu. Kwakuthinta Kusolwa ukuhlukana crew intelligence eziyinkimbinkimbi kumasevisi eziyisithupha.

Abaklami baye zinakekelwe mayelana nemibandela lonke umyalo asolwandle. Ngakho, kwi "Ural" zanikezwa indawo yokubhemela abasebenzi, cinema kanye ejimini, ikamelo Billiard, slot machines, i-swimming pool kanye sauna ezimbili, kanye nohlobo ingaphakathi.

Yiqiniso, ukuze ihlanganise imishini nakho konke okunye okudingekayo indikimba ubukhulu ezifanele. Isisekelo ukwakhiwa 1144 wathatha iphrojekthi "Kirov" (yenuzi-powered missile impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu). Ngenxa yalokho, "Ural" Eqhosha ubude ezimbili zebhola futhi ukuphakama kusukela keel ukuba evenini endlini dvadtsativosmietazhny!

izinhlelo ezinkulu

Amathemba iphinwe "Ural" by eMnyango Wezokuvikela zase-USSR, yayimane nje omkhulu. Lokhu kufakazelwa iqiniso lokuthi umklami induna iphrojekthi Arkharova ezingahlobene inkonzo yezempi, ngemva umsebenzi waklonyeliswa hhayi kuphela Hero of Socialist Labour, kodwa engemuva Admiral.

"Ural" Kwetfula senzeka ngo-1983. Ngemva kweminyaka eyisithupha, wangena amandla ukulwa we Navy -USSR. Ngawo lowo nyaka, umkhumbi waya endaweni base yabo unomphela ePacific.

Zonke izinto zahamba kahle ekuqaleni. Amatilosi ngempumelelo ihlolwe zonke izici imishini ehlukile. "Ural" atholakala kalula nezoqala US mkhathi "Columbia", etholakala amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane kude. On the umkhumbi kwakukhona Imininingwane okwengeziwe mayelana nokuhamba ukulwa kwemathiriyali. Nokho, ukusebenza nge njalo ephuma uhlelo kwaba isimiso esiyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Isimo saba sibi kakhulu lapho "Ural" ufikile ePacific - endaweni ukuthunyelwa unomphela.

Lo mkhankaso lokuqala umkhumbi esiyingqayizivele kwenzakala zokugcina. Quay odongeni awuzange ayewulungiselele yona, ngakho akukho ugesi, akukho uphethiloli, kungekho manzi awuzange enikeziwe kusukela ogwini kungenzeka. Boilers diesel ugesi "Ural" ungalokothi cisha, ukunciphisa ukuphila inkonzo eziyigugu, okuyinto obekumele ukuchitha kuphela njengoba kuqhubeka imikhankaso. Singasho ukuthi umkhumbi "kudliwa" ngokwalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngo-1990 eseneminyaka "Ural" kwaba khona umlilo, okuholela ukwehluleka kwenzeka aft egumbini lenjini. Ngaphezu konyaka reserves ugesi sekugcwele umshini ekhaleni, kodwa ke washisa, futhi yakwenza. Ngemva kwalokho, imithombo kuphela amandla babe ugesi eziphuthumayo kuphela. Izimali ukulungisa wayengekho.

Isiphetho esihlazisayo sezitha

Ngo-1992 yena waminza out by the Kuneziteshi zamandla enuzi ngaphandle komkhumbi. Yena wafakwa pier ezikude ziphenduka omkhulu ehostela isikhulu. Cer-33 "Ural" waqala sakubhuqa ukubiza kayutonostsem, futhi imele "ingalali imoto ekhethekile."

isimo yamanje

yempi Russian ukufanisa kahle ngezigaba yokutholwa emhlabeni. Ekuziphatheni imikhumbi ephelelwe yisikhathi kufakwe imiklamo yesimanje. Imikhumbi is njalo ngcono.

"Kuznetsov Admiral"

I enkulu yempi isiRashiya, yebo, omelelwa isigaba abathwali izindiza. Fleet Pride - izindiza aphethe impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu "Admiral Kuznetsov". On onezitezi yayo ububanzi amamitha ayisikhombisa ibekwe ezinophephela emhlane ngamashumi amahlanu izindiza ezinhlobo ezehlukene. Corps isitsha zempi. Uyakwazi ukumelana oqondile hit icala mass amakhilogremu amane.

"Petr Veliky"

yempi Russian futhi azihlanganise kwababusi Cruisers. Ngakho, umthelela rocket umkhumbi "Petr Veliky" emelela amandla Navy yesimanje. amandla enuzi wayo yakhelwe iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amahlanu wokusebenza. Kuyinto Flagship yeNyakatho Fleet - amaqembu emoyeni nokuduma ukushaqeka. Ijubane ifindo amathathu nambili ngezizwe zigcinwe unomphela esikhungweni Yiqiniso ngesikhathi sikhungo senuzi. Autonomous yini nokusekela ukuphila kwakhe nezisebenzi ezanele izinsuku ezingamashumi ayisithupha.

Shock izakhiwo cruise ezicitshwayo eyenzelwe uhla amakhilomitha abangaphezu kwamakhulu amahlanu. uhlelo eyingqayizivele ngempela isiqondiso iqembu: yayakhiwe phezu multivariable ezihlakaniphile ukulawula algorithm.

"Varyag"

yempi Modern esenikeza omunye impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu enamandla - "Varyag". Kuyinto efanayo ukuze American missile imikhumbi "Ticonderoga" chungechunge, kodwa eba ngesivinini esiningi ekulesi firepower umxhwele.

I yempi entsha maduze zethulwe ekilasini ukuphila kokubili emanzini nasezweni lokushaya imikhumbi. ochwepheshe Russian uhlela ukudonsa lezi zinto entsha phezu kwamanzi eduze 2020. Ngo inqubo yokudala corvettes sangempela futhi frigates.

I yempi enkulu "abagcini" ukunikeza ithemba emabuthweni asolwandle. imikhumbi Russian babé abaholi bezwe ngokuya: khona ku-ibhodi zezindiza yizinhlobonhlobo ukwenza imisebenzi firepower, ukuzimela, electronics sesimanje, kakhulu handling izimfanelo.

amaphrojekthi amaningi eziphambili zihlukile izindleko eliphansi Ukusungulwa nokusebenza, okuhambelana izitayela global. Ngokwezibalo, manje isibalo ngoxhaxha Russian akuyona izinhlamvu ezingamakhulu esingaphansi kwezinsuku ezimbili. Ngeshwa, eminye yale imikhumbi akusebenzi emzimbeni, musa ukuhlangabezana nezidingo yakamuva impi asolwandle, kudingeka olwesimanje noma ukulungisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imali eyengeziwe zidinga amasevisi lokuhlola amanzi, izingxenye zasolwandle kanye nemikhumbi asizayo.

Umhlangano omkhulu kunayo yonke ngomkhumbi wempi

"Santísima Trinidad" - umdondoshiya yangempela phakathi ngomkhumbi esetshenziswa emikhunjini yezempi. It wethulwa Havana emuva ngo-1769. Yena kwakubhekwa ngoba ngoxhaxha Spanish iminyaka engaphezu amathathu emihlanu edlule. Yonke sikebhe wawenziwa okuhlala kakhulu impahla ezibizayo - izinkuni-Cuban abomvu. I ukushuba we amabhodi safinyelela ayisithupha amasentimitha, okwenza isikebhe cishe unsinkable.

I kwezikhali kolwandle giant lalinabashumayeli ayikhulu namashumi amathathu izibhamu ka calibers ezihlukahlukene kakhulu. Ngemva nokuthuthukela emphemeni kakade kwase namashumi amane nane ngesikhathi izikhali ezinamandla kakhulu. Amatilosi lalinabashumayeli emakhulu asibhozo abantu abangamakhulu amabili eziyinkulungwane.

umsebenzi obalulekile

Phakathi American Revolutionary War, i- "Santísima Trinidad" kwadingeka umsebenzi ukungethusa eBritish imikhumbi izitha e-English Channel a. Phakathi nempi eduze kwaseCape St Vincent umkhumbi wasinda iziboshwa British.

Finale

I zokugcina "Santísima Trinidad", yiMpi Trafalgar. Kwakuwusuku obanzi kunayo ngomkhumbi impi yekhulu nesishiyagalolunye. Wachaza umkhumbi abadlale indima umholi zamabutho Franco-Spanish. Oholela umkhumbi IsiZulu kwaba "Victoria". Kuye bagxila zonke amandla "Santísima Trinidad" njengoba abaphikisi esiyingozi kakhulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo umkhumbi uhlaselwe eziyisishiyagalombili yempi yaseBrithani. Ngamunye wabo wayengekho ngaphansi kuka izibhamu ayisikhombisa nambili, kodwa akakwazi ukubhekana imisebenzi yabo, "Santísima Trinidad" ukuze ingaziki. Lo mkhumbi omkhulu waba sagibela kakade emva ezine zezisebenzi balimala, abanye bafa mayelana inani elifanayo. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbili impi umkhumbi, kwanqunywa ukuba kukazamcolo. Ngakho lingasekho lwanyamalala indalo esiyingqayizivele wezandla zomuntu.