Ben Franklin. Umlando Omfushane sezombangazwe

Kwaziwa kahle kamhlophe ukuthi e-United States of America ezivame kakhulu kukhona imali yamaphepha e namahlelo 1 no-20 zamaRandi. Kodwa abanye uncamela kweyakho ihlelo elikhulu. On omunye wabo kukhona portrait, usosayensi, isazi sefilosofi, sezombusazwe ngegama Ben Franklin. On bill sikhombisa isithombe le ndoda, futhi zaziyini impumelelo yakhe - ukuthola ngezansi.

biography

Benjamin (Ben) Franklin wazalelwa eBoston, January 17, 1706. Wayeyindodana ompofu insipho kubhayela, futhi njengengonyama ontanga yakhe, ngokushesha waqala ukusiza uyise emsebenzini wakhe. Life insipho kubhayela Franklin kwakubonakala alithandeki, ngakho he xhumelela nomfowabo omdala, ubesebenza njengodokotela wezifo typesetter endaweni yokunyathelisa nokuhlanganisa Boston. Ngakho abasha Ben Franklin waqala umsebenzi wakhe.

Kusukela ebuntwaneni, kancane Ben Franklin njalo wafuna ukufunda okuthile okusha. amathuba Thobekile uyise akamvumelanga ukuba bathole imfundo classical. Ngakho njalo ngcono umthamo sakhe sengqondo wedwa: watadisha izilimi zakwamanye amazwe, ufunde ngemisebenzi ososayensi, watadisha ama-discovery amasha kwi-physics kanye ne-chemistry, wayewazi kahle impumelelo zakamuva emkhakheni wezibalo ephakeme.

eminyakeni yokuqala

Lapho ngineminyaka engu-17, izimo zomkhaya ophoqelelwe Franklin ukushiya Boston. Wathuthela Philadelphia, lapho aqhubeka ukusebenza kule ukuphrinta esitolo. Ukushisekela nokukhuthala wamvumela ukukhuphuka eliphezulu kuma-corporate, futhi ulwazi ngezinye izilimi isibe isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi umuntu afe esemncane waba nommeli lenkampani waya ezwekazini laseYurophu ukuthengwa imishini emisha. Elapho prioboretaet laziwe phakathi kwabantu abafundile eNgilandi naseFrance, waba umsekeli oshisekayo ongqondongqondo French.

Ngemva kokubuya e-Europe, Ben Franklin kuvula iphrinta. Imizamo yakhe ukwakha iphephandaba elisha, atjengisa ngazo bona gade nombhali amakholomu eziningi, umhleli kanye ummemezeli. Ukuthandwa izincwadi siqu wamenza ngokuzimisela ekuphileni komphakathi of Philadelphia.

Biography Ben Franklin egcina uhla olude lwempumelelo yakhe. Ngenxa yemizamo yakhe ngo-1731 e-Philadelphia, kwakukhona umtapo yokuqala zomphakathi, afike wasungula khona iSikhungo American Philosophical Society, liba khona kuyo Academy of Philadelphia, elaba-prototype ye-University odumile Pennsylvania.

Olusheshayo

Isenzo sokuqala lempi Ben Franklin wahlangana eLondon. Ngokuxhamazela kokuqeda umsebenzi wakhe, wabuyela zwekazi American, lapho kwamukelwa waba iqhawe lesizwe. Ngakusasa ngemva kokufika kwabakhi Franklin waba ilungu Okwesibili Continental Congress. Kulesi sikhathi esinzima, Ben Franklin kwaba phezu Crest ukuthandwa: waba leposi angashadile US ngeposi, wabhala Declaration of Independence futhi kwaba umeluleki uMongameli wokuqala we-United States - uGeorge Washington .. Yena kuyancomeka isifiso baseMelika ukuzimela. Kwelinye izinkulumo zakhe, athi: "Kukhona izizwe Mahhala kumele njalo futhi vigilantly aqaphe inkululeko yabo. '

Ngemva isimemezelo Declaration of Independence of isimo abasha kwakubalulekile ukufeza ukuqashelwa abadlali ezibaluleke kakhulu kwezombusazwe emhlabeni. France uyisitha ezingomakadebona United Kingdom kwaba ikhandidethi Cishe kakhulu indima yokuba umngane esemthethweni US. Njengoba inxusa French USA ukhethe izakhamuzi ethandwa kakhulu futhi wafundiswa yezwe - Ben Franklin. Wathatha indlela yakhe - e 1778 iFrance lizwe lokuqala European ukuba ngokusemthethweni bona ukuzijamela kwe-United States.

Eminyakeni yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe

Eminyakeni yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe enikelwe ngokubhala Ben Franklin lenqwaba izihloko ngezihloko zefilosofi zokuziphatha. He qamba indinganiso entsha journalism American lapho ungakwazi ukubhala ngezinto eziyinkimbinkimbi ngolimi olulula, kufinyeleleke kubantu ngisho abangafundile. Okutholakele ifilosofi, logic, ukubhala imithetho emisha kanye kudalwa umbani induku Mezhuyev - lapha iyingxenye encane impumelelo yomuntu ogama lakhe Ben Franklin. Izilinganiso intatheli omkhulu futhi manje lafundvwako ngu zesikole American futhi ocashunwe amaphephandaba nsukuzonke. Ezihlokweni bakhe, waphakamisa imibono yokuhlolisisa nokukhuthala, ethi ingcebo awunakuba khona ngaphandle kokuthethelela nomsebenzi wokuzikhandla futhi umnotho ezinengqondo. amazwi behlakaniphile sisebenza kuzo zonke izici zokuphila-American. Ahlangabezane Franklin babekholelwa esikoleni eyinhloko ekuphileni: ". Okuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe isikole nokhahlo, lapho izifundo iyabiza, kodwa - esikoleni kuphela ukuthi kuwufanele ukufunda kukho"

inzalo esibonga

April 17, 1790, Franklin yayifile. Nokubonga baseMelika ngokwanele baziswa ngezinkonzo zakhe ukuze ezweni - kunzima ukuthola umuzi lapho kwakuzoba yesikhumbuzo abazinikezele kuleli sibalo.

Belingana omkhulu US kamongameli Bendzhamin Franklin uvezwa-dollar angamakhulu izikweletu, olutholakala Treasury US.