Cluster - yini esikoleni? Ukwamukela "iqoqo" esikoleni samabanga aphansi

Utitjhere ngamunye uzama ukwenza inqubo yokufunda ilula, ijabulise khulu begodu ithandeke khulu. Phela, ukungavamile kwalesi simo kwenza izingane zibe ngcono ukukhumbula ulwazi.

Indlela enhle yokufeza lokho okufunayo ukuvula amehlo enkampanini. Kuyini? Esikoleni, lokhu kuyindlela umfundisi ayisebenzisa ngesikhathi esifundweni. Leli yigama le-graphical indlela yokuhlelwa kolwazi, lapho izingxenye ezisemqoka ze-semantic zikhonjisiwe, zigcinwe ngesimo somdwebo ochaza konke ubuhlobo phakathi kwabo. Iqoqo lezemfundo ngumfanekiso owenza uhlelo lokusebenza kanye nokukhiqizwa kwempahla yezemfundo. Isebenza njengomsizi obonakalayo kumfundi.

Ukwamukelwa "iqoqo" kukhulisa ikhono lokwakha imibono yabo ngesisekelo sokuhlangenwe nakho nokubheka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukhuthaza imisebenzi yokuzifundela yabafundi, ikhono lokusebenza kokubili eqenjini futhi ngokuzimela, kusebenze imisebenzi yemfundo. Amadoda anethuba lokulungisa izikimu eziqediwe.

Cluster - kuyini? Esikoleni kuyithuba lokuba izingane zibonise zona, ukukhombisa ukuthi zibona kanjani inkinga ehlongozwayo noma isihloko. Lena inkululeko yokudala.

Cluster - yini esikoleni?

Ake sikhulume ngokumamukela ngokuningiliziwe. Igama elithi "ukuhumusha" lisho ukuthi "inqwaba" noma "isisindo". Iqoqo liyidivaysi ecacile yokuhlelwa kolwazi ngesimo se "bunch" noma "isikhwama" samaqiniso ahlobene.

I-Cluster njengendlela yokucabanga okucabangelayo

Iyini uhlelo lwemfundo yanamuhla oluqondiswe kuyo? Ukwandisa ukuzimela komfundi wesikole. Ukucabanga okubucayi ubuchwepheshe bokufundisa obushukumisa ukuthuthukiswa kwengqondo kwabafundi. Ukwamukelwa kwe "cluster" esikoleni esiphansi kuyinye yezindlela zayo.

Ukucabanga okubalulekile kudlula ngezigaba ezintathu: inselelo, ukuzindla, ukucabanga.

Isigaba sokuqala yisigaba sokuqalisa. Bonke abafundi bahileleke kule nqubo. Inhloso yalo ukukhiqiza ulwazi olukhona kakade esihlokweni esinikeziwe, ukwakha uchungechunge lokuhlanganiswa nokuphakamisa imibuzo yenkinga ngesihloko. Isigaba sokuqonda sibonakala ngenhlangano yomsebenzi ngolwazi. Kungaba ukufunda indaba encwadini, ukucabanga noma ukuhlaziya amaqiniso. Ukuzindla yisiteji lapho ulwazi olutholakali lucutshungulwa emisebenzini yokudala, emva kwalokho iziphetho zidonsa.

Uma ubheka lezi zinyathelo ezintathu kusukela ekubukeni kwesifundo sendabuko, kubonakala ukuthi azikho ezintsha othisha. Zikhona ezimweni eziningi, zibizwa kuphela ngokuhlukile. "Inselelo" esihlokweni esivamile kakhulu sothisha ithawula ngokuthi "ukuqhutshwa kolwazi" noma "isingeniso senkinga." "Ukuqonda" akuyona nje "ukutholakala kolwazi olusha ngabafundi." Kanti, "ukuzindla" kuhambisana nesiteji sokulungisa ulwazi olusha nokuqinisekiswa kwabo okuyinhloko.

Uyini umehluko? Iyini ubuchwepheshe obusha bokuqamba "esikhungweni" esikoleni samabanga aphansi?

Isici sokungavamile nokuvelisa siqukethe izindlela zokuxhumana, ezakhelwe ukudala izimo zokuthuthukiswa mahhala komuntu ngamunye. Isigaba ngasinye sesifundo sihilela ukusetshenziswa kwamasu awo okusebenza. Kuningi kakhulu kubo: iqoqo, i-insert, i-synquine, itafula lemibuzo ebanzi neyinkimbinkimbi, i-zigzag, "izigqoko eziyisithupha zokucabanga," izitatimende zeqiniso nezamanga, njalonjalo.

Ubuchwepheshe beCluster: yiziphi izinzuzo nemiphumela yokusebenzisa le ndlela?

Yimaphi amakhono akhiwa futhi athuthukiswe ngenqubo yalolu msebenzi?

1. Ikhono lokwenza imibuzo.
2. Ukuthola into esemqoka kumthamo omkhulu wezinto zokufundisa.
3. Yakha umphumela wokubangela nobuhlobo obuhle.
4. Yakha ukungezwani.
5. Hamba kusuka ku-private to general, ubona inkinga ngokujwayelekile.
6. Ukudweba i-analogies.
7. Qhathanisa futhi uhlaziye.

Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe be "cluster": izinzuzo

1. Ikuvumela ukuba umboze ivolumu enkulu kakhulu yezinto zokufundisa.
2. Kubandakanya bonke abafundi ekufundeni.
3. Imisebenzi iyathakazelisa izingane.
4. Abafundi bavulekile futhi bayasebenza, njengoba bengesabi ukwenza isahlulelo esingalungile.
5. Ihlela umsebenzi wokudala, inikeza indiza yefantasy.

Ngumuphi umyalo wokuthatha isenzo, ukwakha iqoqo?

Ukulandelana kwezinyathelo ekwenzeni "bunch" kunengqondo futhi kulula.

Phakathi kwebhodi noma iphepha elihlanzekile libhaliwe igama elibalulekile noma umusho, okuyinto eyinhloko ekuvezeni kwesihloko, umqondo. Ngokuqhubekayo, amanye amagama noma imisho ibhaliwe eveza amaqiniso, imibono, izithombe ezifanele isihloko esikhethiwe. Njengoba ubhala, zonke izakhi ezintsha zihlanganiswa umugqa oqondile nomqondo oyinhloko. I-"satellite" ngayinye, futhi, ine "ama-satellites" - ngaleyo ndlela isungula izixhumanisi ezintsha ezinengqondo phakathi kwemicabango.

Ngisiphi isigaba saleso sifundo kuveza ukwedlula ukusebenzisa i-cluster reception?

I-Cluster esikoleni samabanga aphansi ingasetshenziswa kunoma yisiphi isigaba sesifundo. Kuzohambisana nezigaba zenselele, ukuzindla nokuzindla, futhi futhi njengendlela eyisisekelo yokuqhuba isifundo.

Lapho uhlela umsebenzi nabantwana besikole abancane, izici zabo zonyaka kufanele zicatshangelwe. Khumbula ukuthi uthisha kulezi zifundo uhlobo lomxhumanisi womsebenzi: uqondisa imizamo yabafundi ngendlela efanele, ihlangabezana nezinqumo ezihlukahlukene, kusiza ukudala izimo ezizoholela ekuthathweni kwezinqumo ezizimele.

Iyini inhlanhla? Kuyini esikoleni? Indlela yomsebenzi ozimele wabafundi. Kule ndlela iye yaba ubuchwepheshe, kwanele ukwenza umsebenzi ofanayo izikhathi ezingu-2-3. Abafundi bayakujabulela ukwenza amaqoqo. Emibutheni engenawo isikhathi yokucabangela esifundweni, ungasebenza ekhaya. Ukusetshenziswa kwe "cluster" indlela akukhawulelwanga ekwenzeni isifundo-isifundo sabafundi abancane.

Indlela yokusebenzisa indlela yeqoqo ngezigaba ezahlukene zesifundo?

Isigaba socingo

Kulesi sigaba, abafundi baveza futhi balungise lonke ulwazi esihlokweni abanalo, kanye nawo wonke amaqembu kanye nezinhloso. Lapha iqoqo liyingxenye eshukumisayo yomsebenzi wokuqonda kwengane yesikole esincane, okudala isisusa sokucabanga ngaphambi kokuqala isihloko esisha.

Isiteji sokuqonda

Kulesi sigaba, ukwamukelwa kweqoqo kuzovumela ukuhlela ulwazi lwezemfundo, ukuthuthukisa izinga lokufana kwalo.

Isiteji sokuzindla

Lesi yisigaba sokukhiqiza ulwazi nolwazi olutholakale oluzosiza ekuhleleni i-cluster.

Izibonelo zokudweba izinhlelo ezinjalo, okungenani ezinye zazo, zinikezwa ekhasini. Le ndlela inhle ngoba ilungele ukusetshenziswa kunoma isiphi isifundo nakuzo zonke izigaba zesifundo, ngesimo seqhinga layo jikelele. Ngakho, ekuqaleni kwesifundo, abafundi bahlela konke ulwazi abanalo. Ngokuqhubekayo phakathi nesifundo, abafundi baqedela lolu hlelo ngemininingwane emisha. Kunconywa ukwenza lokhu ngombala ohlukile.

Ukwamukela iqoqo kusiza ekuthuthukiseni ikhono lokugcizelela into eyinhloko, ukucabanga nokwenza izibikezelo, ukuhlaziya nokwengeza.

Zikhona yini izimiso zokwenza "iqembu"?

Iqoqo lomlando noma esinye isiyalo singakhiwa njengesibonelo seplanethi nama satellite awo noma ngendlela yama-bunches.

Umqondo oyinhloko, umcabango ukhona phakathi, ngakho-ke, ezinhlangothini zawo, izingxenye ezinkulu ze-semantic zikhethiwe, ezixhunywe ne "iplanethi" ephakathi ngemigqa eqondile. Lezi zingaba yimisho, imisho noma amagama aveza amaqiniso, imicabango, izinhlangano noma izithombe eziphathelene nesihloko.

Ungahlukanisa ishidi kwinani elithile lemikhakha ezoba nenxenye evamile phakathi nendawo - lo mqondo oyinhloko namabhulokhi ahambisana nawo.

I-Cluster - izibonelo zokubambisana okulungile, ukuhlelwa kwamaqiniso okuqukethwe okufundwe. Ngakho-ke, nxazonke ze "satellites" ze-"planethi" esivele ikhona kukhona ngisho nama satellite amancane, amayunithi angakabonakali kolwazi abonisa ngokugcwele isihloko futhi anwebe ukuxhumana okunengqondo.

Cluster: izibonelo esikoleni samabanga aphansi. Kulungile kanjani ukukhipha "iqembu"?

Ukwakhiwa kweqoqo kuxhomeke endleleni uthisha ahlela ngayo isifundo: isibonelo, "i-" bunch "ingahle ifakwe ebhodini elimhlophe, kumashidi ahlukene noma ngisho nasezincwadini zokufunda njengemisebenzi ngayinye eyenziwa. Lapho uhlanganisa iqoqo, kungcono ukusebenzisa u-cholk obunemibala eminingi, amapeni, amapensela, amaki noma amaka. Lokhu kuzogqamisa amaphuzu ayisihluthulelo futhi kuveze ngokucacile isithombe esiphelele, lula ukwenza uhlelo lokuhlelwa nokuhlelwa kolwazi.

Indlela yokudala iqoqo eklasini: amathiphu namasu

Ngokwenza "iqembu," ungesabi ukusho yonke imicabango yakho, ukucabanga, amaqiniso, nokurekhoda konke okufika ezingeni lezinhlangano. Phela, phakathi nomsebenzi wonke okungahambi kahle nokungalungile kungalungiswa noma kulungiswe. Abafundi banganikela ngokukhululeka ekucabangeni, kumnandi nangokwenyama, basebenze uma nje ukugeleza kwemibono kungapheli. Ungakhathazeki, futhi ngenxa yokutholakala kwenani elibalulekile lezixhumanisi ze-semantic kumdwebo. I-Cluster ngesihloko esivela kakhulu, futhi kufanele ibe mkhulu kakhulu. Into esemqoka ukuthola izixhumanisi eziningi ezinengqondo phakathi kwamabhuloki ngangokunokwenzeka. Esigabeni sokuhlaziywa komsebenzi, konke kuhlelwa futhi kuzofakwa endaweni.

Indlela yokusebenzisa indlela yeqoqo ezifundweni?

Ngakho, iqoqo. Izibonelo esikoleni samabanga aphansi zingahlukahluka kakhulu: le nqubo ingasetshenziswa cishe yonke isifundo lapho ufunda ngezihloko ezihlukahlukene.

Ukusebenzisa le ndlela yomsebenzi, ungasebenzisa ngokuphelele noma yiliphi ifomu: iqoqo, umuntu ngamunye noma iqembu. Kuhloswe yizinhloso nezinhloso zesifundo, amakhono othisha nabafundi. Masithathe ushintsho kusuka kwesinye isimo kuya kwesinye.

Isibonelo, esiteji socingo, umfundi ngamunye usebenza ngabanye: ingane ngayinye idala iqoqo lakhe siqu encwadini yakhe yokubhala. Uma ulwazi olusha luqala ukugeleza, ngisho nangesikhathi ingxoxiswano jikelele kanye nengxoxo, ukudweba emidwebo yomuntu siqu, umuntu angakha uhlelo olufanayo lwezithombe.

Iqoqo lingasetshenziswa njengendlela yokuhlela umsebenzi ngesikhathi sesifundo noma njengomsebenzi wesikole. Uma ucela abafundi ukuba benze iqoqo ekhaya, khumbula ukubaluleka kokuba nabafundi okunye okuhlangenwe nakho kanye namakhono ekuyilungiseni.

Ubuchwepheshe beCluster: isibonelo

Isibonelo, thatha ukuhlanganiswa "kwamagilebhisi" esifundweni sezifundo zenhlalo. Isihloko esicatshangelwayo "uMbuso".

Ekuqaleni komsebenzi kwi "cluster" abafundi baveza zonke izinhlangano kanye neziphakamiso kule nkinga, futhi uthisha naye, uzilungisa ebhodini.

Isibonelo: amandla, inkosi, uhlobo lukahulumeni, inhloko yombuso, inkululeko, uhlelo lombuso, amandla.

Bese kulandela ukufundwa kokuqala kwesigaba encwadini. Esikhathini sokujwayela ulwazi noma umphumela wokufunda umbhalo, iqoqo lixhaswa ngamaqiniso "amasha". Utitjhere uyabalungisa ebhodini ngosizo lomgodi wombala ohlukileko.

Umphumela wesifundo ukuhlaziywa kwesithombe esiholela. Kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngokufanele noma ukungalungi kwamaqiniso okuqala kanye nezigwebo. Isinyathelo esibalulekile ukukhiqizwa kolwazi olutholiwe.

Iyini ukusetshenziswa kweqoqo ekufundiseni izingane?

Indlela yeqoqo ikhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kohlelo lokucabanga, ikhono lokuvuselela kabusha ulwazi, ifundisa izingane ukuba zihlukanise futhi zihlaziye hhayi kuphela amaqiniso avela encwadini, kodwa futhi nezindinganiso zezinzuzo zazo, zakha ikhono lokucubungula izikhundla eziningana ngasikhathi sinye, lisifundise ukuhlela nokuveza imibono yethu, esekelwe ekuhlangenwe nakho Nokubheka.

Isiphetho

Isifundo esisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe beqoqo, noma "amagilebhisi", sinikeza izingane ithuba lokuziveza, ukuveza imibono yabo, futhi inikeza amathuba okudala. Ngokuvamile, izindlela ezingezona zendabuko zokufundisa, ezisetshenziselwa ukusebenza ngenqubo yezemfundo, zifaka isandla ekwandiseni isisusa sabafundi, zinikeze inkululeko yenkululeko yazo, futhi zenze isimo sombambiswano esizuzisayo.