Insimu elalihlala ezweni Umhlaba iplanethi, futhi razoobrazie awo amakhulu

Blue iplanethi okuthiwa ngoba iningi ebusweni kuthatha medium aqueous: olwandle, nasemachibini, emifuleni nasemachibini amaningi. Ngokuvamile, ezweni iplanethi enguMhlaba uthatha kuphela kuphela-ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu ubuso bayo. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ungezwa igama "Green Planet", ngoba lapha kuphela (kuze kufike siyazi kulesigaba ka ukuhlola umkhathi) yisimo ukuphila njengoba siyazi, futhi izinhlobo ezahlukene imithi emihle, izihlahlana notshani namabala emhlabeni shades oluhlaza .

Iziphi izici owenza impumuzo umhlaba

Amathathu amaphesenti ezathatha ezweni iplanethi, anezici abo, ngokuvumelana imininingwane indawo, kanye ezihlobene ukunyakaza khona izingqimba zomhlaba. Highlands, elitholakala kulesi sigaba Zomhlaba iplanethi, kwamiswa emakhulwini amaningi, ezinkulungwane noma ngisho ezigidi zeminyaka edlule lapho izingqimba zomhlaba kungqubuzana, futhi manje ebangela ngaphezu wesithathu ezweni.

Ezingwadule, ayisibonelo zone esipholile futhi kwaphakanyiswa ezihlukahlukayo izinga lokushisa komoya, nesikhundla ingxenye amaphesenti amabili.

Futhi, ezweni iplanethi embozwe zamahlathi, nasemahlathini bese amathafa, okungase esisogwini ngesimo sendawo enezintaba. Sekukonke kukhona mayelana amaphesenti angu-50 ezweni, lapho izindawo oluhlaza, isibonelo, ugodo ezishisayo. Encane (kuqhathaniswa) futhi ube ukuyohlala zamaqhwa: 10% - Antarctica, engxenyeni esenyakatho-Eurasia naseNyakatho Melika.

umhlaba division zibe amazwekazi

Manje ezweni iplanethi sehlukaniswe amazwekazi eziyisithupha ezinkulu. Umhlangano omkhulu kunayo yonke kubo - lolu Eurasia, kulandele i-Afrika (izigidi ezingu-30 sq Km.), I-Nyakatfo Melika (ayizigidi ezingu-20 sq Km.), I-Ningizimu Melika (18 million sq Km.), I-Antarctica (14 (izigidi ezingu-55 amakhilomitha square.) abayizigidi ezingu-sq. km), nase-Australia (8.5 izigidi ezingu sq. km). Zonke izibalo inikezwe ngendlela oyindilinga futhi esekelwe ezindaweni ezizungeze iziqhingi. amazwekazi Map ikuvumela ukuba sibone siqonde kahle lapho izwekazi itholakala.

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi kukhona unokuthile akucabangayo mayelana nokuthi umuntu sverhmaterike. Ngokusho kwakhe, amazwekazi zamanje ubukade eyodwa.

Leli zwekazi wabizwa ngokuthi Pangea, wageza ocean wakhe omkhulu, ososayensi okuthiwa Panthalassa. Ubufakazi lo mbono Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi emaphethelweni amazwekazi zingahlanganiswa, futhi cishe awekho amaphutha kuyoba okufanayo, nokuthi namanje ukuhamba amazwekazi neziqhingi. Kuyinto azinakwa embulungeni yonke: ezinye eziyishumi kuphela ngamasentimitha ambalwa unyaka nonyaka, kodwa namanje kukhona into enjalo.

Olunye ulwazi mayelana ezinkulu amazwekazi, iziqhingi , wageza izilwandle zabo

Eurasia - izwekazi ukuthi ubizwa wageza zonke izilwandle zomhlaba. Ngokucabangela endaweni yayo lesithathu ngobukhulu esiqhingini Kalimantan. Ngenxa insimu yalo enkulu ezwekazini kungabonwa yimuphi sezulu kanye zezemvelo, okuyinto uyakwazi iphele planethi - kusukela ebusika nokhahlo uhlubuke. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi nezwekazi ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye ezimbili zomhlaba - eYurophu nase-Asia. Europe ingezansi yonke kolwandle phakathi kwezinye izingxenye zomhlaba - m 300 (ngokwesilinganiso). E-Asia, okungukuthi yayo ingxenye ningizimu-ntshonalanga, kuba enhlonhlweni esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni - Arabhiya, futhi kuleyo nsimu ezintaba zase-Eurasia eyakhe qoqo leziqhingi ngobukhulu - Greater Sunda Islands.

Afrika - nezwekazi ne umakhelwane Madagascar, iyisiqhingi sesine ngobukhulu emhlabeni. Zonke baziwa ugwadule olukhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, ebizwa ngokuthi i-Sahara. Bahlanza nezwekazi ezimbili izilwandle - Atlantic ne-Indian. Esikhathini eningizimu yezwekazi lase kuyinto uLwandle iMedithera, ohlukanisa eYurophu nase-Afrika. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi i-Afrika, njengoba ingxenye yezwe, iyindawo lapho abangaphezu kuka-70% yesizwe sonkana enihlala ubumpofu.

I single ingxenye ugongolo, ehlanganisa amazwekazi amabili ngezintambo

Amazwekazi aseNyakatho naseNingizimu Melika - amazwekazi amabili, okuyinto ndawonye bakha enye ingxenye yezwe - Melika. Basuke etholakala ngokuphelele libonakale eNtshonalanga Nenkabazwe futhi ezixhunywe isiqeshana sezwe ePanama. Ukuze i-Nyakatfo Melika zihlanganisa isiqhingi esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni - Greenland, kanye nobukhulu yesihlanu - Baffin Island. It is wageza izilwandle ezintathu - Atlantic, Arctic nasePacific Ocean. I-Ningizimu Melika - Atlantic nePacific.

Emincane kakhulu, kodwa amazwekazi engengaphansi oluvelele

Antarctica - aphakeme (2400 amamitha ngaphezu kolwandle ngokwesilinganiso) kanye enomoya (izinga lokushisa ukusebenza - ^-70 ° C) izwekazi lonke eMhlabeni, elise ngokuphelele eNingizimu Nenkabazwe. On endaweni yayo, ngaphezu ice okuphakade, kuba-South Pole, okuyinto cishe kuvumelana maphakathi nezwekazi. Bahlanza ezweni Pacific, izilwandle Indian kanye ne-Atlantic.

Australia - nezwekazi kwencani, elisendaweni Nenkabazwe eningizimu, cishe phakathi nayo sihamba Tropic of Capricorn. Kule ndaba, kuba elome kunawo lapho kusekhona endaweni kancane kunamahlathi ashisayo eziqongweni eneqhwa. Australia ithatha lonke, okuyinto iqanjwe nezwekazi, esingeyena Analogue ezweni lethu. iziqhingi Insimu eduze ezwekazini yesibili esinesilinganiso osayizi emhlabeni - New Guinea.