Isikhumba esikhumbeni: izinhlobo. Yikuphi kulabo bokuzalwa okuyingozi?

Ama-moles (nevi) amabala avela esikhumbeni futhi abangela ukuguqulwa kwe-pigmentation. Amanye ama-specks ayatholakala kusukela ngesikhathi esifanayo sokuzalwa kwethu, kodwa angakhiwa ngesikhathi sokuphila, lapho umzimba uthola noma yiziphi izinguquko, ikakhulukazi, ngesikhathi sokubeletha. Yiziphi izinhlobo zokubeletha ezandleni nasezinye izingxenye zomzimba ezingabonakala, kunokuba ziyingozi - lokhu kuyisihloko sethu.

I-nevi ekhulile futhi etholakale

Ama-moles ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu amakhulu amabili: azalwa futhi azuza. Iqembu lokuqala linemigqa kanye nosayizi:

1. Okuncane. Ubukhulu abufinyelele ngaphezu kwamentimitha owodwa nengxenye.
2. Phakathi . Lokhu kufaka phakathi izindawo zokuzalwa ezingafinyeleli ububanzi bama-10 cm.
3. Okukhulu. Ububanzi bokubunjwa kuleli cala lidlula amasentimitha angu-10.
4. I-giant - ingahlala ezindaweni ezinkulu zesikhumba. Ngokuvame ukumboza indawo yonke yesimo, njengomthetho, lokhu kuyinxenye enkulu yesifuba, isithunzi, ubuso, nabanye.

Ama-moles (ikakhulukazi amasayizi amakhulu) ahlale eheha. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi umuntu angabona cishe i-nevi engenambala. Izimpawu zokubeletha ezinjalo zombala wesikhumba ziqoqa amangqamuzana e-pigment, futhi uma ubona, uzobe uqaphela ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi nabo bayoba mnyama.

Ama-birthmarks amancane azange alethe inkathazo. Kodwa ama-giant nevi ngokuvamile avame ukuzalwa (okwezingu-50%), okwenza umdlavuza.

Ama-birthmarks atholakalayo

Isizathu sokubukeka kwabo yizici zofuzo zomzimba womuntu. Benziwa ebuntwaneni. Kule nkathi lapho kuqhuma khona inqwaba yamangqamuzana e-pigment, okuyinto "ephakama" kusukela emigqeni ejulile kuze kube semkhathini.

Lapha ungakwazi ukubona izinhlobo ezilandelayo ze-nevi:

• I-Epidermal. Kubonakala njengomphumela wokuqoqwa kwama-melanocytes engxenyeni engenhla ye-epidermal yesikhumba.
• Intradermal. Amaseli aphethwe ukukhiqizwa kwe-melanin, kuleli cala, aqoqa emdlelweni.
• Frontier. Izimpawu zokuzalwa ezinjalo zikhona emngceleni we-dermis ne-epidermis.

Izinhlobo zama-moles

Ake sijwayelane nezinhlobonhlobo ze-nevi. Odokotela bahlukanisa:

• I-Lentigo . Lesi sikhangiso esikhumbeni siyindawo efanelwe kahle. Umbala ungashintsha kusuka ensundu kuze kube mnyama kuze kube mnyama ngokuphelele.

• Ama-birthmarks e- piedermo-dermal. Ngokubukeka, lezi zingamabala aphansi, kodwa kwezinye izimo zingase ziqhube kancane ngaphezu kwesikhumba. Umbala nawo ungaguquki futhi ungashintsha, ufinyelele cishe umthunzi omnyama. Ububanzi bomthamo: kusukela kuphuzu elincane ukuya kumitha ububanzi. Thola indawo ikakhulukazi ezintendeni zezandla, izinyawo ezinyaweni, kanye nasendaweni yobulili.

• Izikhumbuzo zokuzalwa eziyinkimbinkimbi . Ngokuvamile kunezinye, i-nevi inombala omnyama futhi ibonakala ngokuvelele ngaphezu kwesikhumba.

• Intradermal nevi . Hlala njalo esikhumbeni. Umbala ungashintsha, uqale kusukela emzimbeni bese uphela nge-tinge emnyama. Ubuso be-intradermal nevi bungaba bushelelezi noma bumbozwe ngezinwele.

• Ama-Moles we-Sutton . Ama- markmark wokuzalwa anjalo avela futhi ayanyamalala ngaphandle kwezizathu. Umehluko omkhulu ukutholakala kwendandatho yesikhumba engagqunywanga nxazonke. Ngokungajwayelekile kakhulu kuhlaselwa yi-cancer.

• Ama-molecular Dysplastic. Izindwangu zinezakhiwo ezingavamile nemingcele eboshiwe. Qinisekisa ukuphakama ngaphezu kwesikhumba. Iningi livame ukuthi libe ne-pigmentation ebomvu, kodwa eminye imibala ayifakiwe. Ama-moles alolu hlobo angathola ifa. Kusukela kuma- markmark wokuzalwa, zihlukaniswa ngobukhulu (zihlala zikhudlwana) futhi indawo yendawo. I-Dysplastic nevi ingatholakala kaningi ezindaweni ezihlala zivaliwe izingubo (izibhamu, isifuba). Futhi uma izakhi zokubeletha ezijwayelekile zingenziwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, khona-ke ukungena kwemvelo kubonakala emva kweminyaka engu-35.

• Ama-birthmarks aseBlue. Ama-formations ahlala njalo, okuyinto kwezinye izimo anesimo se-hemispherical. Umbala uhluka kusuka ekukhanyeni okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuya eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Izimpawu zokuzalwa ezinjalo zihlala zikhona imingcele ecacile. Ubukhulu be-nevus bungaba ngamasentimitha angu-2. Ikakhulukazi ebusweni, izitho nezinyawo.

• Izindebe ezinkulu ezinemibala . Kuvame ukuvuthwa kaningi futhi kwanda njengoba ingane ikhula. Ama-nevus angathatha izindawo ezinkulu kakhulu phezu kwesikhumba. Imibala eyinhloko ingu-grey, emnyama futhi ensundu.

Ukuqoqwa kwama-moles kuye ngokuthi isimo nesimo

Kuye ngalezi zimingcele, izindawo zokuzalwa zihlukaniswe zibe:

• I-Vascular (hemangiomas). Imvukuzane enjalo esikhumbeni ingaba nobukhulu obuhlukile kanye nokuveza okucacile. Uma sikhuluma ngombala, konke kuxhomeke emkhunjini, okwaba isisekelo saso.

• Okungeyona imishanguzo. Ama-moles angase abukeke njengemikhakha ehlanjululwayo noma e-warty yama-shades ahlukahlukene. Kukhona kokubili ama-specimens kanye namaqoqo eqembu ngendlela yama-plaque.

Ukuhlukaniswa ngokwengozi yokufa

Ama-moles ayahlukaniswa futhi abe:

• I-Melanomoopausal, okubangelwa ukuhlukunyezwa, izinqubo zezimonyo noma i-biopsy ingabangela umdlavuza wesikhumba;
• I-Melanomoneous.

Umdlavuza wesikhumba: birthmark provocateurs

Lezi zihlanganisa izinhlobo ezilandelayo ze-nevi:

• Okumnyama;
• Ukuzalwa kwe-Ota;
• Ukugquma okukhulu okungafani;
• I-Melanosis ye-Dyubreil.

I-blue and giant nevus isivele ijwayele kuwe. Ake sibheke abasha.

I-Nevus Ota isakhiwo esikhulu, senziwe kuphela esikhumbeni sobuso. Kungatholakala kunoma iyiphi ingxenye, ukudala umphumela wesikhumba esingcolile. Umbala uhluka kusuka ensundu kuya eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

I-Melanosis Dyubreil - isimo sesikhumba esinqunyiwe. Ukubukeka - indawo eyodwa enezithombe ezinamabala angavamile. Ekuqaleni, obomvu obukhanyayo, njengoba buwohloka, bushintsha umbala kumbala omnyama, ukwandisa usayizi ngokufana.

Umehluko phakathi kwevus evamile futhi evuselelekayo

Kulula ukukwenza lokhu ngokwakho. Kodwa ama-moles angasongeli - amabala amancane nemingcele ecacile. Ngokusobala azihambisani naphezu kwesikhumba futhi njalo abe nesakhiwo esifanayo. Uma sikhuluma ngombala, khona-ke kungaba ama-black moles ngokuphelele esikhumbeni. Akukho lutho oluyingozi kulokhu.

Ngezansi kukhona izimpawu eziyingozi, ebona ukuthi kuyadingeka ukuba uthole ukubonisana ngodokotela ochwepheshe ngokuphuthumayo.

Izimpawu zokuqala kokuzalwa kabusha:

• I-Asymmetry ngesayizi;
• Ukubonakala komphumela wokufiphaza imiphetho;
• Ushintsho embala we-nevus, ikakhulukazi ukwakheka kwamapheshana omunye umbala ebusweni bomunyu;
• Khulisa usayizi;
• Ukuphuza.

Umdlavuza wesikhumba (ama-markmark zokubeletha ngokuvamile uyimbangela) esiteji sokuqala awukhambi kahle. Vele uzwe kancane.

Ama-red moles (angiomas)

Ama-red moles avele esikhumbeni. Yasiyini isizathu futhi kungani behluke ezindaweni ezijwayelekile zomnyama?

Umvukuzane obomvu esikhumbeni ukhuluma ngenkinga ekhona yezitsha ezibhekene nokunikezwa kwegazi esikhumbeni ngokwazo. Uma ubheka ucwecwe ngokuningiliziwe, kuvela ukuthi uqukethe imithwalo yegazi ehlangene. Yakha i-nevus ingacishe noma kuphi.

Ngokuvamile, iziphuzo ezibomvu zitholakala esikhumbeni sezingane. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi uhlelo lokujikeleza kwengane "lukhula" nalo, lwenziwa izinguquko. Kumuntu omdala, isizathu sokubunjwa kwe-nevus ebomvu ukuchayeka ngokweqile elangeni. Futhi kuvamile ukuba uphawu lokubeletha olunjalo ngaphansi kwesikhumba lube khona, ngoba i-nevi enjalo ayinayo indawo eqondile emzimbeni noma emaceleni esikhumba somuntu.

Isizathu sokubonakala kwama-angiomas kubantu abadala kukhona izinguquko ze-hormonal. Kukholelwa ukuthi ama-neoplasms anjalo awakhuluma nge-pathology ekhona yamaphethelo emathunjini.

Ukubhekana nama-neoplasms angaphezu kwalolu hlobo akufanelekile. Ngokuvamile bayanyamalala bebodwa. Isizathu sokuphela kwezimpikiswano ukukhula okusheshayo kwesibalo sokuzalwa.

I-white nevuses

Ama-moles omhlophe esikhumbeni - umphumela wokusebenza kabi kwamaseli aphethwe ukukhiqizwa kwe-melanin. Zingahluka ngobukhulu nokuma. Kutholakale emntwaneni osanda kuzalwa, imvukuzane emhlophe akufanele ibe imbangela yokukhathazeka. Kodwa lapha kubonakala emzimbeni womuntu omdala, ubhekisela ekuthuthukiseni kwesifo esiyinkimbinkimbi - i-vitiligo. Lesi sifo asiyingozi, kodwa siletha umuzwa wokunganeliseki ngokubonakala kwayo. Lesi sifo sibonakala ngesimo sezindawo ezingavamile zokugqoka izingulube, ezihamba phezu kwesikhumba.

Kungani isikhumba esiphathelene nesibalo sokuzalwa sishintsha umbala?

Isikhumba esibomvu esiseduze nendawo yokubeletha kuyinsimbi ekhathazayo, kodwa ngaphambi kokwesaba, kufanele uqonde imbangela yokuvuvukala. Kungaba:

• I-trauma yesikhumba. Isimo sengozi ngengozi, isibonelo, indwangu yokugeza ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa. Umphumela ukuvuvukala.
• Ukushisa kwe-Ultraviolet. Ungayithola uma uvakashela i-solarium. Kukhona ukushisa ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa. Esikhathini lapho imvukuzane emva kwalokhu iqala ukushintsha ukuma nobukhulu, ukubonisana nodokotela kuyadingeka. Uma unezinambuzane eziningi zokubeletha esikhumbeni sakho, kungcono ukuthi wenqabe ukuvakashela i-solarium.
• Ukuvuvukala okungenangqondo. Kungenziwa ihambisane nobuhlungu, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi lesi sibonakaliso asikho. Ukubonisana kwe-dermatologist kuyadingeka.

Izinguquko embala wesikhumba ezungeze imvukuzane kubonisa ukuqala kokuzalwa kabusha.

I-Moles ezandleni

Izinhlobo zama-moles ezandleni ezenzeka kubantu azifani nezinhlobo ezicatshangwe ekuqaleni. Kungaba futhi ama-vascular nevuses (ama-angiomas), ama-moles akhula emilenzeni, amabala e-pigment , njll.

Ukususwa okuzimele

Ukususa ama-moles kuyindlela yokuzikhethela uma engeyona eyingozi. Kodwa isibalo sokuzalwa esikhwameni kufanele sisuswe ngempela, ikakhulukazi uma sitholakala ngokuqondile ngaphansi kwezinwele. Uma kungenjalo, ikhamera iyomlimaza unomphela, futhi esikhathini esizayo lokhu kungaholela emiphumeleni engathandeki.

Kuvinjelwe ngokuqinile ukukhipha amamaki wokubeletha ngokwakho, ngoba ungathola ukutheleleka kwegazi noma ukuphuma kwegazi okukhulu, okulukhuni ukumisa.

Ungasusa kanjani

Uma unquma ukuqeda lesi sifo, bese ukhetha izikhungo zezokwelapha ngeziphakamiso ezinhle kanye nezinkomba zamakhasimende. Ukuya ku-beauty salon esiseduzane ngesinqumo senkinga akudingekile, njengoba nje emitholampilo yesiguli ilungiselela ngaphansi kwayo yonke imithetho. Futhi uma kwenzeka isimo esingalindelekile, uyohlinzeka ngosizo olufanelekayo.

Amasu

Imithi yesimanje inikeza izindlela eziningi zokususa ama-moles. Ukukhetha kwendlela kuncike kuhlobo lokuzalwa lokuzalwa. Udokotela uzokhetha ukuhluka okufanele kakhulu kwesimo ngasinye.

Ukuhlukanisa:

• Indlela yokushisa;
• Imiphumela yamakhemikhali;
• Ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa.

I-minus yendlela yokushisa yokususa ama-neoplasms yinkinga ehlala phezu kwesikhumba. Ngakho-ke, uma i-nevus ikhona engxenyeni evulekile yomzimba, khona-ke inketho nge-electrocoagulation ayisebenzi.

Gwema ukungasebenzi kahle kwesikhumba kuzosiza ukususa i-birthmark nge-laser. Indlela engenabuhlungu kakhulu yokuyiqeda kuyoba yinkinga yokuzalwa kwe-birthmark ene-nitrogen eyetshezi.

Ukwelashwa kusetshenziswa kuphela ezimweni ezinzima. Lesi yisilinganiso esikhulu, ngoba sinokuphikisana okuningi nemiphumela emibi.

Ukunakekelwa kokuthunyelwe

Ngemuva kokuba inqubo igcwaliswe, amafreyimu aphezulu ebusweni. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amanzi, ama-gel kanye nama-creams awiwi phezulu. Ezinsukwini eziyisihlanu zokuqala kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba phakathi nalesi sikhathi ukuthi ungqimba olusha lwesikhumba lufake ngaphansi kwesifo. Futhi uma ususa isikhumba ngaphambili, khona-ke kungenzeka kube khona uhlamvu.