Kuyini kumdala? Sambucus nigra: izakhiwo zokwelapha kanye isicelo

Sambucus nigra - kuyinto esiyize lezihlahla omndeni ka adoxaceae. Abantu bakubiza Buzinova umbala buzovnik, pustorosl, umdala, Pishalnik. Kukholakala ukuthi egameni lesiLatini izitshalo "sambukus" kuhlobene Sambuca - Oriental insimbi yomculo ezenziwe ngokhuni yayo. AmaGreki namaRoma kutshalwa ukulisebenzisa yezokwelapha, ngaphezu, ayebheka ke isitshalo engcwele, esivikela endlini yabo. Kulesi sihloko sizohlola lokho umdala, ufunde mayelana izakhiwo zalo nenzuzo, kanye ziphathelene indlela yokuyisebenzisa.

NgeNkathi Ephakathi liye esetshenziselwa ukwenza umuthi, ngaphezu, njengoba udayi Indwangu futhi izinwele. AmaSlav babekholelwa ngokuqinile ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukuba enze indlu noma ashise umbani akusho ushaye wakhe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo eJalimane, wayephuza kakhulu wayenombono wakhe ngalokho lo mdala. Bakholelwa ukuthi isitshalo, wusizo abathakathi. Noma ubani oye wachitha wowunquma, bangene emandleni abo. Ngenxa yalokho, kukholakala ukuthi umuntu lwenyusa eduze kwendlu isitshalo ekhanda ubiza uthuthuva.

incazelo

Ngakho, liyini kumdala? Kuyinto isitshalo noma umuthi encane nge ububanzi isiqu okulingana cm 30, nge Waphuka, uqweqwe Smoky ansundu nge umqhele oyindilinga, ngenombolo enkulu lenticels ophuzi esisogwini amagatsha asemancane ngaphezulu. Lesi sitshalo iphila iminyaka engaba ngu-60.

Ngo umdala branched sifanamsindvo, nge white ezithambile core ukungena nakwamanye amazwe kanye bok igobolondo mncane. Amahlamvu aso makhulu, oyinqaba pinnate, okuphambene, aluhlaza, kuze kufinyelele 30 cm aqukethe eziningana oblong-ovate, wakhomba amahlamvu. Kusukela phezulu zingabantu zibuthuntu-luhlaza, grey-oluhlaza ngezansi. Entwasahlobo amaqabunga avele stipules, base ewa.

izimbali Elderberry umbala aphuzi-white, elimnandi, elincane, emihlanu-isigcebe sembali, nge anameva gamopetalous phehla. Basuke eqoqwe corymbose panicles elikhulu eliyisicaba apical, ukufinyelela ububanzi of 20 cm. Izihlalo izimbali yangaphandle, wonke umuntu has a Isiqu imbali.

Elderberries ezikhulayo Madeira nase-Azores, eTunisia Algeria, eNyakatho Melika, Turkey, Iran, e-Azerbaijan, Georgia, Armenia, e-Ukraine, eMoldova, Baltic States, Belarus, Russia, New Zealand.

billet

Ngakho, siye safunda ukuthi umdala enjalo manje ukuthola ukuthi indlela kuvuna ukuze zisetshenziswe esikhathini esizayo. Izimbali, izithelo, amagatsha asemancane, amahlamvu, izimpande kanye emagxolweni isitshalo asetshenziswa abantu imithi. Ukuqhakaza izimbali zalesi sihlahla zinqunywa nesomiso ngoMeyi inflorescences yayinjalo (kufika obsypaniya, ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza), ibekwe alengayo kubhasikidi, njengoba izimbali ngayinyomfoza ngayiphosa mnyama phakathi omiswe. Kulokhu, endaweni plastic isikhwama izimbali nsundu, ukuthola iphunga kubuhlungu ngempela. Lezi izinto zokusetshenziswa ayifanele omiswe. Khona-ke amagatsha inflorescence eligoqiwe ku ungqimba iphepha noma indwangu, noma hung phezu iphepha noma indwangu (lapho izimbali uziwisa phansi) endaweni kahle umoya, emthunzini.

black Elderberry nge nalutho cut lonke emiphemeni, sesivuthiwe, ngo-August. Izithelo angavuthiwe zinobuthi, kuyilapho sesivuthiwe - ezidliwayo futhi iphephile ngokwanele, nakuba ingasetshenziswa kuphela emva kokwelashwa ukushisa noma ngokuba omiswe. Omisiwe ngokulengiswa ezindaweni umoya.

Ukuze ayo noma sezimoto black elderberry, ayelapha ezichazwe kulesi sihloko, anqunywe ngaphambi nje kokuba ukwelashwa. Geza inflorescence wakhe wonke, ngaphandle kwalokho ijusi eselandelana. amajikijolo bekha izinsuku engaphezu kwemibili akuyona kabusha is hhayi egcinwe ngoba ngokushesha uthole lokukhunta. I juice kuyinto efiselekayo ukwenza e sokovarke imbewu ahlale kanjalo njengoba yayinjalo. Emva kokuthola ke ilinganisa kudingeka ukuba uwuhlikihle ngokusebenzisa ngesihlungo, kanjalo nokususa amathambo ezinobuthi eziningi.

Nge amagatsha oneminyaka emibili entwasahlobo iqolo isuswe ngaphambi kokuqala ubisi ukugeleza. It is ngokucophelela bahlanza by zhelozok, ehlukanisiwe core, bese omisiwe e Ohhavini, dryers. Gcina kungekho eminyakeni engaphezu kuka-3. Entwasahlobo amaqabunga ziqoqwa. isitshalo izimpande kuvuna ngo-November, omisiwe bese ziyacolwa.

isakhiwo

Lesi sitshalo e izimbali aqukethe amafutha abalulekile kuyinto lulwimi okuqinile, glycosides, flavonoid (quercetin, rutin), choline; coniine futhi alkaloids sanguinarine; etilizobutil, carotene, acid organic: ascorbic acid, acetic acid, caffeic, valeric, malic, chlorogenic; parafinopodobnye, izinto tannic futhi lwamafinyila, ama (isobutylamine, ethylamine, isoamylamine), ushukela, pentosans, nosawoti wamaminerali, inhlaka.

Black elderberry iqukethe ascorbic futhi malic acid, rutin, carotene, uvithamini B, hrizantemin, sambutsin, ushukela (glucose, fructose), tannins, amino acid, acid organic, izinsini, pectins, kwe-anthocyanin udayi, iminonjana amafutha abalulekile. Ngo izithelo angavuthiwe namaqabunga kuyinto sambunigrin glycoside, onakala ku benzaldehyde, ne-glucose hydrocyanic acid.

Sambucus nigra, amandla okwelapha okuyinto iminyaka eminingi ubelokhu lisetshenziswe abantu imithi, iqukethe imbewu sambunigrin namafutha okunamafutha. Amahlamvu - hexene futhi glycol aldehydes, iminonjana alkaloids, tannin, carotene, ascorbic acid. Esikhathini izimpande - kanye okumunyu tannins, futhi saponins. Ngo ezomile impahla eluhlaza - resin sambunigrin namafutha abalulekile. Ngo cortex - choline, betulin, compounds triterpenoid, amafutha oluyingozi, methylester, phytosterols, ceryl utshwala, organic acid, ushukela, pectin kanye tannins.

Ukusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha

Sambucus nigra ayelapha ubanzi kakhulu. It is yasetshenziswa njengomuthi wokuqinisa nokuhlanza, analgesic, antipyretic, elwa namagciwane, antifungal, expectorant, anthelmintic, sine astringent; nge ascites; umzimba kangcono; ukuvuvukala, izifo zabesifazane, ukuya esikhathini; sikashukela; ikhanda; ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo; isisu isilonda; samathambo, isifo sokuqaqamba kwamalunga; umalaleveva, Ukucinana kwemigudu yomoya emaphashini; ibala lesikhumba iziyaluyalu; izifo zesikhumba; blepharitis, conjunctivitis; angakwazi; ukucindezeleka.

Sebenzisa ekuphekeni

elderberry esetshenziselwa ukwenza sezimoto, sezimoto, izithelo iyisitshulu, jelly. Ngo neSlovakia Czech Republic kusukela izimbali zalesi sihlahla kukhona isiraphu lelungiselelwe. Ngezikhathi juice noma abasha inflorescences izithelo zawo kunezelwa yamagilebhisi kumele, ukuze uthuthukise ukunambitheka kanye ukunambitheka isiphuzo. Njengoba yenziwe kusukela izithelo ezivuthiwe colorants engalimazi, violet kanye obomvu, ezisetshenziswa endaweni yokudla.

Sebenzisa kwezinye izindawo

Elderberries - esimila Ornamental, ngokuvamile kwanda amapaki kanye izingadi. Kuyinto ephawulekayo amahlamvu Ornamental, eziwubukhazikhazi izithelo efihlekile lace. izitshalo Timber asetshenziswe ukukhiqizwa lathe; silos ukuze bazivikele Weevil amagatsha efanelekayo, nazo asetshenziswa njengoba zinambuzane amaphutha, amabhu ugqumugqumu, olwenziwa blackcurrant.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sitshalo sivimbele emagundvwane, ngakho-ke, emhlabeni isitshalo pith zewayini, izinqolobane, emadlangaleni. Izimbali asetshenziswa wezilwane ngoba rheumatism kanye imikhuhlane e amahhashi nezinkomo. Juice isithelo sawo obudaywe uvolo nosilika ngemibala ehlukene. izinto zethusi futhi izithelo ahlanzekile zalesi sitshalo.

Ukumnika izimbali

Sambucus nigra ayelapha wehlukile kakhulu. Isetshenziselwa ukumnika zokwelapha. Ngenxa yale njongo, 1 isipuni izimbali Izitshalo uthele enkomishini yamanzi ashisayo. Pushing izindlela 20 imiz epanini avaliwe, ukuhlunga, isiphuzo esishisayo ebusuku njengoba diaphoretic, astringent, eqeda ukuvuvukala, expectorant, choleretic, isisu; ngesikhathi imikhuhlane ehlukahlukene (coryza, ukukhwehlela, laryngitis, umphimbo obuhlungu) futhi umkhuhlane, kanye nezifo ze-esinyeni, izinso, edema, sifo, neuralgia futhi rheumatism, ukuqubuka, hemorrhoids.

Ukumnika zezithelo

Thatha omisiwe elderberry izithelo (10 g), ugcwalise nabo ingilazi selehlile amanzi abilisiwe amahora ama-2. Phuza kanye ngosuku phezu ingilazi.

Ukumnika amagxolo

6 g amagxolo bagcizelele ku-500 ml amanzi abilayo ngesikhathi amahora 5 endaweni thermos. Sebenzisa 5 izikhathi ngosuku edema, izifo kwesinye, izinso, isifo sikashukela, edema.

A decoction of izimbali: izimbali Elderberry

Izimbali omisiwe wathela ingilazi yamanzi, sishisiswe ku namabhati umusi ngaphansi hood imizuzu engu-15 futhi elicwengekileyo. Lo mqulu wawusekelwe kushintshwe i libila kokuqala. Sebenzisa kulungele ukudla inkomishi lwesithathu kabili ngosuku rheumatism, sifo, samathambo, isifuba somoya kanye imikhuhlane. Irisidi kwezimali kufanele igcinwe esiqandisini kuze kube izinsuku ezingu-2. Isetshenziselwa ngesimo lotions noma wokuthoba for ukusha, inabukeni amawala, amathumba, futhi njengoba hashaza ngoba ukuvuvukala iyiphi indawo emlonyeni nasemphinjeni.

A decoction amaqabunga

amahlamvu Spoon kudingeka uthele ingilazi yamanzi abilayo, shiya imizuzu 5 ubilise, futhi bagcizelele kuze imoto cool ngokuphelele. Thatha 1 isipuni kathathu ngosuku iziguli sikashukela, isifo samathambo, ascites, sifo, edema, nokunye.

A decoction ezithelweni

1 izithelo isipuni abilisiwe imizuzu 5 ingilazi yamanzi phezu okugeza umusi. Enye imizuzu 5 bagcizelele ke elicwengekileyo. Phuza njengendlela isisu analgesic kanye olawula umzimba.

umhluzi izimpande

Spoon ochotshoziwe izimpande kudingeka uthele ingilazi yamanzi kanye eshubile ku namabhati umusi for isigamu sehora. Ngemva lwehle ulaka, kubalulekile sokukhipha nigcwalise ivolumu kokuqala amanzi abilayo. Ukuphuza sikashukela.

juice elderberry

Uzodinga elderberries black ezivuthiwe. Ukusetshenziswa juice therefrom kuboniswe Oncology. I amajikijolo ezibekwe izingqimba embizeni ezintathu-litre, nese ushukela obukhulu. Ukugcwalisa imbiza kuya phezulu. Okushiwo ucindezela inyanga. juice Wakhululwa baphuze kathathu ngosuku 1 isipuni. Phakathi nenkathi ukwelashwa ngaphambi kokudla ukuphuza 150 ml amanzi distilled.

isiraphu

Ukuzila baphuze ingilazi yamanzi abandayo abilisiwe. Khona-ke ujabulele spoon dessert isiraphu isiqedile. Leli thuluzi kuzosiza mastopathy. Syrup kudliwe kabili ngosuku ngesikhathi esifanayo. Phuza isiraphu lize usuphothuliwe ebhange. Ukwelashwa Kwenziwa amasonto ayisithupha, bese futhi emva okwengeziwe inyanga eyodwa. Ngonyaka kufanele sigcwaliswe izifundo ezintathu ezingasisiza.

Juice otshwaleni

wezokwelapha elderberries eqoqwe ezivuthiwe agxishiwe. Kufanele uvule 250 ml eseqedile juice. Lokhu kwakudalwa esilinganayo utshwala. Sebenzisa kuyanda kathathu ngosuku kusuka 1 kuya 40 amathonsi ke okuphambene nalokho. Kusho ukuthi kudingeka baphuze ubisi. Uma isifuba akudluliselwa, ngemva kwesiphepho kwaphela amasonto 3 ukuphinda ukwelashwa.

iqoqo diaphoretic

2 wezipuni izimbali elderberry, izimbali Linden futhi mullein serdtselistnoy ukuxubana okusezingeni eliphezulu ngokuphelele. Thela inhlanganisela (okulungiselelwe kusuka 2 spoonfuls) inkomishi amanzi ashisayo, sokunika isigamu sehora ke ushise. Thela amanzi okuphuza. Isiphuzo eyamukelayo kusho 3 ashisayo.

Bath kusukela ukumnika amaqabunga nezimpande

Litre amanzi abilayo kuthululwe 30 g we ingxube phansi izimpande futhi namahlamvu omile umdala, bagcizelele 2 ihora. Ready ukumnika isihlungi bese awathele okugeza egcwele amanzi. Ukwelashwa kuhilela 10 ukwelashwa nsuku zonke. Udinga ugeza ngaphambi kokulala emizuzwini engu-15.

Poultice amahlamvu

Ubisi is abilisiwe 2 wezipuni amahlamvu sitshalo ke bopha nabo cheesecloth. Zifakwe ngaphandle ngoba ukusha, amathumba, hemorrhoids kanye inabukeni amawala.

Poultice of chamomile izimbali futhi elderberry

Uzodinga umdala (zokupheka ezivela kulo ziboniswa kulesi sihloko) kanye chamomile. Ukuxubana letilinganako la makhambi. Ukugoqa nabo cheesecloth bese uthele amanzi ashisayo kanye rheumatism kanye sifo do efudumele ulwelwesi.

Ekwelapheni induna ezenzeka ebusweni, isetshenziswa isikhumba nge ungqimba ezondile nezithelo ezisanda kukhiwa ezitholakala kucindezelwe zalesi sitshalo.

Lotion izimbali

Kuzothatha nedlanzana izimbali elderberry. Kufanele igcwaliswe ngamanzi (isigamu ilitha) abilayo imizuzu 20. Ithuluzi okuholela ukuhlunga kanye nokugcina esiqandisini. Sebenzisa ebusweni nsuku zonke, ekuseni nakusihlwa. Lokhu elangeni ngokuphelele rejuvenates futhi asenze isikhumba.

Izimo

Sambucus nigra, ogama izakhiwo ichazwe ngokuningiliziwe esihlokweni ngenhla - kuyinto esinoshevu. Zonke izingxenye zayo zinobuthi, ngaphandle igobolondo kanye uginindela amajikijolo ezivuthiwe nezimbali. Lapho ukwelashwa sekudlulile kuyadingeka ukukhumbula ukuthi isithelo isitshalo obuningi lapho kungavunyelwe khona. Ukweqiwa ayikwazi ukukhushulwa ngoba kungase kubangele ezihlukahlukene side effects :. Uhudo, emesis, pollakiuria, njll amagxolo nezimpande ngemithamo yayo enkulu kungadala ukuvuvukala pheshana emathunjini.

Ungathathi imithi Elderberry nge sikashukela insipidus, enterocolitis (izilonda emathunjini), ngaphezu, izifo ezingelapheki ukuvuvukala yaleli pheshana emathunjini. imithi yakhe nazo contraindicated ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-12, ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukungabekezelelani ngabanye, yokudla.

Elderberry ukuhlukanisa kusukela obomvu (anobuthi ngaphezulu) Akunakwenzeka njalo. Ngakho-ke, uma ungaqiniseki ngokuphelele ukuthi zigwinye ke black ukubukeka - ungasebenzisi amajikijolo ongazange abonakale ubuthi ezinzima.