Navigator Amérigo Vespucci: Biography emfushane, uhamba, okutholakele

Sonke siyazi ukuthi owathola America Hristofor Kolumb, kodwa ke kungani yethiwa Amérigo Vespucci? Umlando Omfushane lokhu Itilosi ezidumile wamazwe kuyosisiza ukucacisa okushiwo ndaba. Futhi nakuba owokuqala emazweni aseMelika wavakashela Columbus, Vespucci kwamenyezelwa izwe ukuthi laba la mazwe ayesanda kutholakala kukhona ezwekazini.

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Lapho kwazalelwa Amérigo Vespucci kuyinto Florence, lapho yena wazalwa ngo-March 9, 1454 Uyise wasebenza njengommeli wokulungisa izivumelwano, waqiniseka ukuthi indodana yakhe athola imfundo efanele. Little Amérigo wafunda ekhaya futhi ngokuyisisekelo ngayifunda humanities. Futhi, beqondiswa umalume wakhe, wafundiswa Latin, geography astronomy lokufundela ukushayela imikhumbi. Lapho esemusha, wangena University of Pisa, futhi kusukela ngo-1478 sekuqalile ukusebenza. Amérigo Vespucci, Biography emfushane lapho akunalo kuphela yohambo lwemikhumbi nokwatholakala, kuqala wakhonza uNobhala lomunye bomfowabo kayise, owakhonza njengelungu inxusa Florence Paris. Kamuva, lo mhloli wamazwe odumile isikhathi eside esebenza emkhakheni wezezimali.

Ngo 1490 wathuthela eSpain waqhubeka esebenza. Kukhona uzakuhlala njengobana mikhankaso zasolwandle, kanyekanye ukutadisha konke mayelana nemikhumbi, kanye eba navigation. Ngo-1492, uyahamba isevisi asolwandle ngqo e-Spain. Eminyakeni embalwa eyalandela, uyaqhubeka ukuhlanganyela ekulungiseleleni of ukuhamba olwandle, kodwa ngalesi sikhathi ofakelwe bomkhankaso ka Hristofora Kolumba, lapho, phakathi kwezinye izinto, bangani.

Lolu hambo lokuqala (1499-1500 biennium).

Ngo-1499 umhloli wamazwe uhambo Alonso Ojeda eseNingizimu Atlantic ijoyina yena Amérigo Vespucci. Akuthola kulolu hambo, ukufunda ngakho ku. Vespucci mathupha uxhaso ngubo imikhumbi emibili, okuyinto kamuva uzoyala, futhi useyili njengoba itilosi. Ehlobo lika ukuthi uhambo ngonyaka, ehlanganisa imikhumbi emithathu, eduze nogu lwasenyakatho mpumalanga yeNingizimu Melika, kulandele Amérigo Vespucci wathumela emikhunjini yabo eningizimu-mpumalanga. Julayi 2 wakwazi ukuthola i-delta ase-Amazon. Umcwaningi lwangena amakhilomitha 100 eyayiqhele kakhulu olwandle ukusuka esikebheni, wahamba wabuya futhi baqhubeka ukuhamba uya eningizimu-mpumalanga.

Khona-ke Amérigo Vespucci wafunda mayelana 1200 km olusenyakatho izwekazi ke wathumela ezitsheni zabo bebheke reverse futhi ngo-August sebedlula imoto Alonso Ojeda cishe 66 m Meridian ka-longitude. Ndawonye amatilosi baqhubeka belandela entshonalanga futhi womkhathi weNingizimu ezingaphezu kwenkulungwane amakhilomitha ogwini Ningizimu Melika. nabo bathola peninsulas eziningana, iziqhingi, amatheku kanye amachweba. Ekwindla ka Vespucci futhi Ojeda futhi ihlukaniswe, bese waqhubeka efunda okokuqala ogwini ezweni, ukubhukuda km 300 uya eningizimu-ntshonalanga. EYurophu lehla ngokushesha inani wabuyela e-June 1500

Eyesibili uhambo (1501-1502 biennium).

Ngo-1501 umhloli wamazwe Amérigo Vespucci Yayicelwe iNkosi ka Portugal kusevisi njengesazi sezinkanyezi, itilosi nesazi-mlando. Ngawo lowo nyaka olunye uhambo elalihlelwe ngayo, eyayiholwa Gonçalo Coelho. imikhumbi emithathu washiya Europe maphakathi no-Agasti, waya ogwini olusempumalanga ye-South America.

Okulandelayo, landela amatilosi aqhubeka eningizimu, umzila we yaseSpain Roldán Bortolome, elintantayo lapha 1500 January 1, 1502, bavula ethekwini laseRio de Janeiro (namuhla Guanabara) futhi, lapho sasihlose ukuthola ubude bayo, wahlamba km 2,000 ezingasogwini, kodwa futhi asikwazanga ukuthola emaphethelweni. Kwanqunywa ukuba ujike imikhumbi emuva kulowo efanayo imikhumbi emithathu bomkhankaso wangena labhidlika, ukuze abavakashi bazishisa. Lo mkhumbi efika okokuqala Portugal ngo-June ngawo lowo nyaka, futhi Vespucci futhi Coelho, ivuliwe umkhumbi okwesibili, wabuya kuphela Septhemba.

Lolu hambo wesithathu (1503-1504 biennium).

Cishe esikhathini esingangonyaka kamuva wathatha uhambo entsha kwakuhlelwa Portugal, nayo abangu-Amérigo Vespucci. Umlando Omfushane wamazwe kumele ibe incazelo lolu hambo. Umholi uhambo uphinde waqoka Gonçalo Coelho, kodwa ngalesi sikhathi imikhumbi eziyisithupha zase kitted olwandle. Ngo-August 1503 amatilosi wathola phakathi Atlantic Ocean Ascension Island, eduze kwayo kamuva yacwila umkhumbi owodwa, kodwa ezintathu wanyamalala ngokuphelele i isiqondiso engaziwa. Imikhumbi asele salibangisa eNingizimu neMelika yalungisa eBay of All Saints, lapho Vespucci ukuze ogwini lawela iqembu abacwaningi abaye ngesinyenyela 250 km maphakathi nezwe.

Lapha, abantu ababhaliswe ukuthi basebenzise ibambezeleke kakhulu ngendlela izinyanga ezinhlanu. Kule ndawo bakha imikhumbi, bese, kusale 24 amatilosi ezwekazini, bomkhankaso wangena ngendlela ehluke ngokuphelele. Party futhi bacwiliswa izingodo umkhumbi sandalwood ezibalulekile ezitholakala ku laba la mazwe ayesanda kutholakala. Ngo-June 1504 amatilosi eSpain. Kulolu hambo Amérigo Vespucci iphelile.

Ethi How and Why Melika yethiwa Amérigo Vespucci

I owenza uhlole sezingeni eliphezulu ogwini Ningizimu Melika, ukuphakamisa ukuthi yilokho nezwekazi omiswe. Ngomqondo othile, kwaba Amérigo Vespucci owathola iMelika. Encwadini Kuthunyelwa kubo Florence 1503, esebeka incazelo eningiliziwe ezweni evulekile kubo, zikwenze uzitshele ukuthi cishe bayoba nokuthambekela okungafani ongesona isihlobo afika kuleli zwekazi lase-Asia, njengoba rush ikude kakhulu ngaseningizimu. Nokho, wathi lezi zindawo okuhlalwa kuzo, futhi inikeza ukuhlonza nezwekazi elisanda kutholakala ye-Nguqulo Yezwe.

Ngo 1507 wamabalazwe Martin Waldseemüller wacelwa ukuba igama nezwekazi eyayisanda kutholakala Melika - emva wamazwe odumile Amérigo Vespucci. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi leli gama livela kuzo zonke amabalazwe kanye atlases. Nakuba lo mhloli wamazwe wavakashela i-Ningizimu Melika kuphela, North obizwa nangokuthi behlonipha Amérigo Vespucci. Akuthola empeleni? Okuningi kule kungatholakala ezincwadini zakhe futhi Diaries, singakwazi ukwengeza ukuthi wayengeyona ethambekele ekukhulumeni kakhulu ngendima yakhe kokutholakala zwekazi neze nomthelela wawuqamba ngokuthi ngemva yena.

Eminyakeni yokugcina wamazwe ukuphila kwakhe

Ngo 1505 Vespucci kabusha ingenela inkonzo ka inkosi yaseSpain, hhayi ngaphandle kosizo Hristofora Kolumba. Wamukela izakhamuzi Castile ne e 1508 wamiswa njengephayona elivamile helmsman induna umbuso. Iposi aba kuzo eminyakeni embalwa ezayo, ngekubamba lichaza ukuhlonyiselwa ohambweni entsha futhi waphupha useyili. Kodwa wayengasakwazi afeze amacebo akhe Amérigo Vespucci. Umlando Omfushane umuntu uphela Februwari 22, 1512 - usuku waze washona ngo Seville, lapho ayehlala khona eminyakeni embalwa edlule.