Tank "Leopard 2A7": izici, izithombe

Ngo-2014, Bundeswehr waba ngowokuqala ithangi "Leopard 2A7". Le modeli kuyisinyathelo elandelayo sesimanje imoto ukulwa.

umakhi

Ngasekupheleni kwawo-70-yalolucwaningo ukukhathazeka Krauss-Maffei AG waqala ukulethwa serial ethangini entsha "Leopard 2". Ukudalwa kwawo kwenziwa ngokubambisana ne abanolwazi izingalo German abakhiqizi. Okuqinile Wegmann athuthukile umbhoshongo. Porsche yakhelwe chassis futhi powertrain. Wensimbi abathintekayo Rheinmetall. Ukuze ukuqaliswa izikhali ukulawula izinhlelo, ukubhekwa kanye nezokuxhumana athunyelwe AEG Telefunken. Bakwazi buthelela ingcebo yolwazi ekuklanyweni esindayo ukulwa izimoto ezikhiqizwa ngesikhathi seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili. isiko classical lesikole German yentuthuko ithangi baqhubeka.

izici Jikelele

Umshini kungenziwa ngokuthi kunalokho olandelanayo kuka wamavukelambuso. Ukudala tank - kuyinto ubuciko ebucayini phakathi izimfuno ukuncintisana. AmaJalimane wakhetha eziseqhulwini lula nokwethembeka wokusebenza. Mhlawumbe ezingqondweni zabo nezinkinga ngokuqinile engapheli, okwaholela isitatimende onamawala izikhali "Tigers" futhi "Panthers". "Ingwe 2" esinesakhiwo zakudala nge turret ligijima. Imoto kwaba okunokwethenjelwa kakhulu ukusebenza, ne maintainability kakhulu. Kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu, naphezu conservatism ngokubulawa eminyakeni luye lwabonisa sesimanje eside banekhono kule ethangini. Ukuguqulwa entsha uye waqhubeka ukuvezwa kwalo, futhi hhayi nomuzwa wokuthi selikhathele. Abaningi bakholelwa lena main impi ithangi we Bundeswehr iyona engcono entshonalanga, kodwa futhi impumelelo ithangi yesimanje hhayi kuphela. "Ingwe 2A7" senzelwe ukuze zisekele futhi ziqinise le nkolelo.

Yenjini chassis

Ngokungafani Abaklami American nawaseSoviet, Krauss-Maffei onjiniyela akazange uzizamele ngamandla. On the "Leopard 2" ukusetha ukukhiqizwa udizili ka-Mercedes-Benz. I okwalandela yokusebenza isipiliyoni "Abrams" ne-T-80 ephendulwa injini ukwambulile amaphutha ayo, eyaqinisekisa ngokunemba kukhethwa ithangi abakhi German. Zisuke maintainability, kalula esikhundleni Turbo kuyancomeka kwamasosha. It ikuvumela ukuba overclock ithangi "Leopard 2A7", njengoba nokulungiswa langaphambilini, amakhilomitha ayisikhombisa ngehora. Kanye wokubacindezela ukudluliswa mechanical automatic transmission, inikeza imoto ukusebenza ashukumisayo kakhulu.

izikhali

Thanda ezazingaphambi kwayo, ithangi "Leopard 2A7" ehlome 120 mm isibhamu Rheinmetall ukukhiqizwa. Ngo kokuthuthukisa inqubo ithangi ushintshe obuphelele umgqomo, okuyinto kule ukuguqulwa amahlanu nanhlanu Izikali. isibhamu Smoothbore evumela ukusetshenziswa izinhlobo ezahlukene nezinhlamvu. Ukuze anqobe Okuqondiwe armored uhlobo eyinhloko ukubhoboza projectiles. Kanye nensimbi yomculo kwavele sesimanje kanye nezinhlamvu, okuyinto Uthole isici eside yesiteleka nge ekwazi ukumelana namandla omoya ngcono. Lokhu kwaholela ekwandeni ubude futhi ushintsho esingu breech isibhamu. isivinini projectile ikhuphukile ngenxa icala qinile zisakaza e umgqomo obuphelele isibhamu side. L55 isibhamu ubhekwa eziphambili kakhulu wezikhali uhlelo elisetshenziswa amathangi yesimanje kuzo zombili Ukungena imvunulo kanye ukunemba umlilo.

Apds kwalokho, ithangi zingasebenzisa ezuziwe ne amagobolondo ephezulu alufakwa kufakwe izinhlamvu zawo. "Ingwe" has arsenal yayo yezikhali ezicitshwayo guided umkhankaso kusukela isibhamu, efana ithangi isiRashiya, futhi akanasabelo simiso othomathikhi ukulayisha izibhamu. Isaphulelo uma lezi amaphutha uzibophezele wezikhali kwezikhali we amathangi isiJalimane, kunzima ukusho. I isibhamu umshini futhi usethe ezimbili MG-3 7.62 mm. Kulindeleke ukuthi ukuguqulwa lwesikhombisa kuyokuba ifakwe ezilawula machine gun turret, kodwa amasosha eze amathangi bendabuko izibhamu iphuzu.

ukubhuka

German ithangi design esikoleni ubelokhu kunakwa lokuvikeleka kwezifiso ezisemqoka ezingumphumela imoto laselikhala. Kusukela ekudalweni ethangini bekulokhu ubuciko ebucayini njalo, umklomelo yokubhuka waphenduka ukulahlekelwa isisindo, ubungako kanye Dynamics. Tank "Leopard 2A7", ogama isithombe uye wavusa isithakazelo emibuthanweni lempi, avunyelwe ukubona amandla sesimanje umqondo. The look entsha umshini ngokucacile imiphumela akachazeki ukuqinisa yokubhuka zempi multilayer oluyinhlanganisela. Angles zempi amapuleti eduze ngangokunokwenzeka kuze oyingozi. I ukujiya Imininingwane zempi ku projection abasengozini enkulu kudlulwe imitha elilodwa.

Ethangini ifakwe isiketi ukuthi kungenziwa amabhlogo iyakhula Ukuvikelwa ashukumisayo. Ngaphezu ukubhuka zangaphandle, isikhala kwangaphakathi ethangini lihlukaniswe ngodonga zempi steel. Engine gumbi ihlukaniswe kusukela gumbi ukulwa neziqhumane aft boeukladki turret ine odongeni armored, kusukela cutoff yayo gumbi owakhiwe. Ingemuva basembhoshongweni ahlelwe exosha iphaneli, baphambukisa amandla ngenxa yokuqhuma kwebhomu nezinhlamvu aphume. Kanye sectioning Ukuvikelwa, kwakha ezingeni ngokwanele eliphezulu ukuphepha crew.

imishini

Kunzima overestimate ethangini impi ifakwe izindlela zesimanje ulwazi Tactical isimo, navigation, ukuxhumana kanye labadubuli. Namuhla, electronic, imishini optical iyona isiqondiso eyinhloko nokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe lempi. Lokhu kubonakala eqinisweni lokuthi izimfanelo ethangini "Leopard 2A7" zihluke ngokuphelele olimini ezingeni models kuqala. uhlelo esiphelele njengoba sinjalo amathuluzi sehle kakhulu ngcono ngokunemba kanye nokunemba komlilo, okuvumela ukuba hit ilitshe le shot lokuqala. I zezisebenzi anemisila amathuluzi ezingcono optical. eziningana-matrix ezishisayo nge lesinqumo high ogibele ethangini, esaqinisa isimo nemibandela ukubonakala encishisiwe. Okubonwayo umlawuli ithangi futhi umdubuli kambayimbayi afakiwe olulodwa ukulawula ukulwa uhlelo. Iphinde elawula insimbi, ifakwe rangefinder laser kanye electronic ikhompyutha ballistic, okuyinto uyakucabangela izici ukuguga, ekunqandeni ukusonteka nemibandela zangaphandle. Ngezinye anawo nezisebenzi inohlelo navigation nokuxhumana, okukuvumela ukuba unike amandla ethangini kunethiwekhi-centric yempi amacebo.

Ukuqhathanisa ethangini T-90

Ukuqhathanisa izici sabaphikisana ezingaba amathangi bekulokhu kuyindaba yokukhathalelwa mpikiswano, ukufinyelela ukushuba yeqhawe ngokomzwelo. izingxabano ezinjalo futhi kujabulise ngesikhathi esifanayo futhi esingakwazi ukuzicabangela. Ethangini kuyinto izinhlelo ukulwa elisetshenziswa umongo lonke izikhali izinhlelo futhi ngokuhambisana umqondo wempi ethile. Ukumadanisa nokuhlathulula obeka ithangi "Leopard-2A7" ngokumelene T-90, kumele kuphetfwe ukuthi umshini Russian neliphelele kunalelo. Phela, "Leopard" akukho Loader othomathikhi, akukho ezicitshwayo imiphumela yesikhathi eside ezayo eqondiswa. It kusinda kakhulu futhi okukhulu, njengoba kubonakala Dynamics futhi zingabonisi ngalé zomzimba. Naphezu incwadi enhle kakhulu, akudingeki amabhlogo ensikeni yokuvikela ashukumisayo. Crew ezingaphezu kuka ethangini Russian. Lena konke kuyiqiniso, kodwa ohlangothini kuphela eyodwa. Uma sikubheka ngomunye umbono, "Leopard 2A7" ngokumelene T-90 kunezinzuzo ezicacile. Okuningi enamandla igobolondo side futhi ikhono hit ilitshe le shot lokuqala, ngisho sendleleni kwenza ethangini isitha esiyingozi kakhulu. ukuqaphela Elihle induna isimo Tactical, inqobo imishini ephelele kwenza amathange emikhulu futhi elisindayo ngaphezulu ukugwema izimo ezisongela futhi ukufeza bokuphakama wezindlela. Kufanele sivume ukuthi kokubili Imishini vertices izikole ezimbili tankostroitelnyh ukuthi owawusekelwe kuzo zonke siqu ezingaba zabo zomqondo nakwezobuchwepheshe.

Umlando ukusetshenziswa

Naphezu zako, umndeni amathangi, okuhlanganisa "Leopard 2A7", angabizwa ngokuthi kubantu abangahilelekile empini amathangi kakhulu. ukusetshenziswa Combat lwalulinganiselwe ukuze imisebenzi e-Afghanistan, lapho kungukuthi kuqhathaniswa yimuphi amathangi isitha. Nokho, i-main impi ithangi siyisisekelo zamabutho armored ka eJalimane, eHolland, Denmark nakwamanye amazwe aseYurophu. Nge ngokuwa kweSoviet Bloc ezempi nezombusazwe indawo Soviet ezenziwe izimoto e-United eziye ivume NATO.