Ukuqothulwa kwesibindi se-thoracic umgogodla. Ukuqothuka kwesibindi se-thoracic umgogodla - ukwelashwa. Ukwehla kwesibindi se-thoracic spine - izimpawu

Ukuqothulwa kwesibindi kubhekisela ekuthuthukiseni umgogodla, lapho ukuvuthwa kwesikhashana futhi ukujikeleza kanyekanye kwemizimba ye-vertebral kuthuthuke. Njengomthetho, lesi sifo sitholakala ebuntwaneni. Ngokukhula kwengane, i-scoliosis ingaqhubeka. Izinguquko ze-pathological zibizwa kakhulu.

Ngokuvamile lesi sifo sididekile ngokuhlukumeza ukuhamba, uma kunesivinini somgogodla, kodwa izidumbu ze-vertebrae aziguquki isikhundla sabo. Ukudalula lokhu kutholakala, ukuphulwa okunjalo kuyadingeka.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-scoliosis yomgogodla we- cervico-thoracic ingahlakulela , kanye nokuvinjelwa esifubeni, emuva kwe-back and sacrum.

I-Etiology

Ezimweni ezingu-80% izimbangela zesifo zihlala zingaziwa, ngakho-ke zikhuluma nge-idiopathic scoliosis. Uma sikhombisa izici ze-etiological eziholela ekusongeni kwangasese, okulandelayo kufanele kukhonjiswe:

• ukuhlanganiswa kwama-vertebrae;

• ukuxuba kwezimbambo (ngesikhathi esisodwa isifo se-thoracic se-thoracic);

• ukutholakala kwama-vertebrae angathuthuki, ukuthuthukiswa okungalungile kwezinqubo kanye namagxolo abo (izinguquko ezinjengezifo eziholela ekutheni i- column spinal column is asymmetrically).

Izimbangela nezinhlobo ze-scoliosis ezitholakale

Ngenxa yesenzo sezinto ezithinta umzimba kusuka ngaphandle, ukugoba komgogodla kuvela, okutholakala ngemuva kokuzalwa.

Lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo ze-scoliosis ezingakhulelwe zingahlukaniswa:

1. I-neurogenic - ivela ngezilonda zesimiso sezinzwa. Ikhula ngemva kokushaywa i-poliomyelitis, ukulimala komgogodla we-spystrophic, ku-cerebral palsy noma i-myopathy yabantwana. Lezi zifo zibangela ukukhubazeka kwamagciwane. Lokhu kuholela ekuphazanyeni kwemisipha esekela isikhundla esifanele somzimba.

2. I-Ricky - iyabonakala ngokuntuleka kwe-vitamin D, ebonakala nge-muscle hypotension, i-deformation yamathambo, i-osteoporosis.

3. I-Static - ihlotshaniswa nokukhwabanisa kwemilenze, lapho isikhumba sibeka isikhala esingalungile, okuholela ekuthuthukeni komgogodla wonke.

4. Idiopathic - ngokuvamile ikhonjiswe ezinganeni emva kweminyaka eyishumi.

Ukuqothulwa kwesibindi se-thoracic umgogodla: ubunzima

Ngokuvamile, umgogodla unemigodi yemvelo, ngenxa yalokho okufana nayo incwadi S. Ngokwesibindi, kunezikhawulelo zomgogodla wezikhulu ezahlukene. I-angle enkulu yokufuduka kusuka e-axis main, kunzima nakakhulu lokhu ukukhubazeka kungalungiswa.

Ezimweni eziningi, i-scoliosis eseceleni kwesigxathu se-thoracic iyatholakala. Kuye ngendawo yokuvinjelwa, lezi zindidi zokuqina zihlukaniswa:

• ukukhanya - i-angle of curvature ifinyelela ngaphezu kuka-10 °;

• ubukhulu obuphakathi - le nkhomba i-10-25 °;

• esindayo - ukuvinjelwa kungafinyelela ku-50 °;

• Kunzima kakhulu - okubhekene nokuguqulwa kwezimbambo kanye ne-angle of curvature, okungaphezu kuka-50 °.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ekuqaleni kwesifo ungabona ibhande elilodwa kuphela lomgogodla ohlangothini, kodwa kamuva elinye lwakhiwa, elitholakala ngaphansi kweyokuqala, kodwa liqondiswa ngendlela ehlukile. I-scoliosis ehlangothini lwesobunxele yomgogodla we-thoracic ayikho umehluko omkhulu (umehluko kuphela ekuqondeni kwe-arch scotictic).

Ukubonakaliswa kokuvuthwa kwe-cervicothoracic yomgogodla

Le-scoliosis ibizwa nangokuthi i-thoraic spine engenhla. Leli fomu lesi sifo libhekwa ukuthi i-arc eyinhloko yokuvuthwa imfushane futhi iminyene, kanti eyesibili kunalokho ihamba kancane futhi ihlala isikhathi eside.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi le-scoliosis enjalo ayivamile, kodwa inesithombe esitholakala emtholampilo, ehambisana nokubandakanyeka enkambweni yezinkinga zomzimba hhayi nje kuphela kwe- vertebrae yomlomo wesibeletho, kodwa futhi namathambo we-skull ebusweni.

Uma ehlolwa, udokotela angase abone ukucindezela okubukhali, ukubekwa kwe-asymmetric kwamehlo noma indawo yangaphakathi ye-oblique ekhaleni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhubazeka kwesifuba esingaphezulu nezingalo ezingaphezulu kutholakala. Intamo yesiguli ibonakala ifushane, umkhawulo we-trapezius muscle yayo ihamba ngokungazelelwe, okuyinto okunzima ukuyilungisa, ikakhulukazi lapho kuqala ukuphela kokwelapha.

Nge-deformation enkulu ye-esifubeni kanye nama- thoraic vertebrae, kukhona inkulumo ye-thoracic scoliosis. Kubalulekile ukuhlonza lesi sifo ngenkathi ukwakhiwa komgogodla kuqediwe (ngeminyaka engama-20-21). Uma kungenjalo, ukwelashwa kungase kungabi nethemba.

Umtholampilo we-Thoracic Scoliosis

Lesi sifo singatholakala ngokuhlola idatha etholakala lapho kuhlolwa isiguli. Ngakho-ke, uma kune-scoliosis ye-thoracic umgogodla, ungabuka ngeso lengxenyeni ohlangothini lwekholomu yomgogodla, ukubekwa kwe-asymmetric kwamahlombe, ama-shoulder blade phezulu, kanye nesisu esiswini esiphuthumayo ngenxa yokwephulwa kwe-posture.

Ngaphandle kwezimpawu ezibukwayo, i-thoracic scoliosis ibonakala ngezikhalazo ezithile ezivela esigulini. Njengomthetho, abantu abanokungqubuzana okunjalo kwenkemba yomgogodla izinzwa ezingathandeki esifubeni nasebuhlungu esifundeni phakathi kwe-scapula, engachazwa ngokuphulwa kwezinqubo zezinzwa. Ezimweni ezimbi, iziguli zinezinto ezingavamile emsebenzini wesimiso sokuphefumula, inhliziyo.

Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo, kokubili okusuka kwesokunxele nangokwesokudla kwesisindo se-thoracic umgogodla kuholela ekuphazanyeni kwe-anatomical esakhiweni se-thoracic kuphela kodwa nesisu esiswini, okuhambisana nezinguquko ze-pathological in the digestive organ.

Izifo

Ukwehla kwesibindi se-thoracic umgogodla, izimpawu okungenzeka zibe mnene, kudinga ukunakekelwa odokotela, ngoba ukwelashwa kwezifo ezinjalo ezivela emasendeni kusebenza kahle ekunakekeleni ukwelashwa kwasekuqaleni.

Esikhathini sokuqala kwesifo, i-fluoroscopy ekuhlolweni kokubili ayivumeli nje kuphela ukuqinisekisa ukuba khona kwe-scoliosis, kodwa futhi nokuthola izindlela eziningi zokwelashwa ezinhle kakhulu. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ngokuvinjelwa komgogodla kungase kuhlotshaniswe nokugula okujulile. Ukusatshalaliswa okungalungile kwesisindo somzimba ekuzileni kwesibindi kuholela ekuguquleni okwenyukayo ku-vertebrae, ukudonsela phambili kwe-spine, kanye ne-osteochondrosis ne-hernia intervertebral.

I-Scoliosis ingabuye itholakale isohlo. Uma kubhekwa, ukuphakama okuhlukile kwamahlombe kuyabonakala, kanye nomugqa we-vertebral lwalugobile, obonakala nakakhulu uma isiguli sigxila phambili.

Uma uzibuza ukuthi i-scoliosis ye-thoraic spine ibukeka kanjani, isithombe salesi sifo sibonakala ngezansi.

Ukwelashwa kwe-scoliosis

Ukuphumelela kokwelashwa kuxhomeke ekuxilongweni okufika ngesikhathi. Ngokushesha lesi sifo sitholakale, sikhulu amathuba okuthola imiphumela emihle.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngesiguli ngasinye uhlelo olulodwa lwezinyathelo zokwelapha lulungisiwe. Kulokhu, isigaba sesifo kanye nokuzikhethela kwenkambo yayo kucatshangelwa. Njengomthetho, lapho i-scoliosis ye-thoraic spine itholakala, ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngezinyathelo ezintathu:

• ithonya eliqondile eminyangweni yekholomu yomgogodla, lapho kutholakala khona ukuvinjelwa kwe-lateral;

• izinqubo ezihlose ukulungisa i-scoliosis;

• Ukulungisa isimo esifanele somgogodla ngemuva kokwelashwa.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi kunzima kakhulu isigaba sokugcina. Iziguli azitholi ukunakekelwa okufanele, ngakho-ke i-scoliosis iqala ngokuphindaphindiwe. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuhambisana nayo yonke imiyalelo kadokotela, ukuthuthukisa imisipha yangemuva bese wenza ukulungiswa kokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukwelapha kufanele kube okuphelele futhi kufaka izindlela zokwelashwa ezizongayo, futhi uma kunesidingo - ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa.

Gymnastics yokwelapha

Enye yezindlela zokwelapha ezisetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko iyindlela yokwelapha. Ukusebenza ngokukhethekile ngempumelelo eyinkimbinkimbi yokuzivocavoca, okuyinto ebuntwaneni ayikona ukuvuselelwa kuphela, kodwa futhi nomphumela wokwelapha. Umgomo wayo oyinhloko ukunciphisa umthwalo emgodleni, ukuqeda ukungalingani kwemisipha, ukuqinisa amadivaysi e-ligament bese wenza isimo esifanele.

Njengomthetho, kunconywa ukwenza izivivinyo eziqinisa iqembu lezinhlanzi ezisekela ikholomu yomgogodla, futhi futhi zibe nomthelela wokulungisa ekuvaleni kwawo, ngcono umsebenzi wokuphefumula kwangaphandle, futhi wenze umphumela wokubuyisela emzimbeni.

Iningi livame ukuncoma izinhlobo ezilandelayo zokuzivocavoca:

• ulale emhlane wakho, uguqa ngamadolo akho, uphakamise isifuba sakho, uguqe endaweni ye-thoracic;

• Umthelela omuhle kubangelwa ukulenga emgqeni, lapho i-trunk iphenduka kancane kancane ezinhlangothini;

• ulale ngesisu bese uphakamisa isiqu ukuze umgogodla ugobe;

• ukuthi ukuvinjelwa akuqhubeki, kubalulekile ukunamathisela induku ezingeni lamahlombe, ukubamba ngezandla zakho futhi uhambe nayo nsuku zonke amahora amabili ngamunye;

• Ukuzivocavoca "ibhayisikili" nakho kunomthelela omuhle ekuvuneni komgogodla.

Uma kune-scoliosis yomshoshaphansi we-thoracic, ukuzivocavoca kufanele kwenziwe ngokuhamba kancane. Emva kwamakilasi kuyasiza ukuphumula imizuzu engu-20, ulele eceleni.

Iziguli, ngaphezu kokusebenzisa ukwelashwa, nazo zinconywa ukuthi zigqoke ama-corsets akhethekile, ukugeza.

Massage

Ngaso leso sikhathi kuyadingeka ukutshela, ukuthi ezimweni lapho isiguli sibhekene nesipililiyide isikhathi eside, futhi emgodleni kukhona izinguquko ezenzakalelayo ze-pathological, massage ngeke inikeze imiphumela emihle. Njengomthetho, kunqunywe ku-1 noma 2 degrees of curvature. Ukuphunga umzimba kwenziwa endaweni ye-polyclinic noma esibhedlela. Izakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi zikhethwe ngabanye ngokuya ngesimo nokuqina kwesifo, ukuyibeka njalo ezinyangeni ezingu-6.

Uma i-scoliosis ye-thoraic spine itholakele, ukusikhipha umzimba kuqhutshwa ngokucatshangelwa okudingekile kokuqondiswa kwe-deformation. Kusukela ohlangothini olulodwa lwamapulangwe we-scoliotic imisipha ihlale i-tonus, i-masseur isebenzisa amasu akhuthaza ukuphumula. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izintambo ze-muscle zanwetshwa futhi zibuthakathaka, ngakho-ke sidinga isisindo sokusikhipha esingabaholela emoyeni futhi siqinise.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukuzivocavoca nge-scoliosis kuyaphikisana, ngoba indlela engalungile yokuziphatha kwayo ingabangela ukwanda kwezinguquko futhi kwandisa isimo sesiguli.

Ukwelashwa kokusebenza kwe-scoliosis

Naphezu kwezinga eliphezulu lezokwelapha zanamuhla, izinhlobo ezinzima ze-scoliosis kunzima ukulungisa. Ukwelashwa okuphumelela kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwezimplantshi kusuka ensimbi.

Ukungenelela kokusebenza kwenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili:

1. Ukugqugquzelwa kwangaphambili komgogodla (noma i-discectomy yezinga eliphezulu kanye nokulungiswa okufanayo ngesikhathi esisodwa). Inqubo enjalo yokuhlinzwa yenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia jikelele. Imiphumela emihle kunazo zonke emva kokusebenza kunciphisa engxenyeni ye-arch scotictic kusukela ku-30 ukuya ku-54 °.

2. Galpelviktraktsiya ngokubambisana nokulungiswa kokukhubazeka. Lokhu kuvulwa kuphumelela nakakhulu futhi kusiza ukunciphisa i-angle ye-bend bend bend ku-22 °.

Lapho i-scoliosis ye-thoraic spine itholakala, ukwelashwa okwelapha njalo kunciphisa i-hump ebiza izindleko. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ngemva kokusebenza isikhala se-intercostal siyancipha, futhi ukukhwabanisa kwehla.

Okubaluleke kunazo zonke ukwelashwa kwe-scoliosis phakathi kwezingane, ngoba umgogodla wabo ukhula njalo, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwezakhiwo zensimbi kungabangela "i-crankshaft" syndrome. Yingakho ekwelapheni ukwenziwa kwe-scoliosis ebuntwaneni, kusetshenziselwa imiklamo ekhethekile yokwakha, engakhula njengoba isiguli sikhula.