I-Ecumenism yiyiphi? Umlando we-Ecumenism

I-Ecumenism ibhekisela ekuhambeni kwamasonto angamaKristu ngokumelene ubudlelwane obunobunye nabanobudlova phakathi kwamabandla esonto. I-Ecumenism yisifiso sokubumbana kwemiphakathi yenkolo emhlabeni jikelele. Izinkomba zokuqala zenhlangano yama-ecumenical yavuka ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Ngenxa yamasonto amaProthestani ase-United States naseNtshonalanga Yurophu, i-ecumenism isakaze yonke ingxenye yekhulu leminyaka ezayo futhi yaqashelwa yiMhlangano Wamasonto Wezwe. Le nhlangano yayisekela ngokuqinile imibono yama-ecumenical, okwama-1950 eyabangela ekudalweni kweMkhandlu Wamasonto Emhlaba, umzimba obhekene nokuhlanganiswa kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwemisebenzi eyenziwa yizinhlangano zesonto zamasonto. Ngosizo lwezinto ezinikezwe ngezansi, uma uthola ulwazi futhi uhlaziye kulo, uzokwazi ukwakha isikhundla sakho kulokhu ukunyakaza futhi uqedele isiphakamiso esithi "i-Ecumenism i ..." nguwe.

Incazelo ye-ecumenism

Igama elithi "ecumenism" livela ku-oikoumene yesiGreki, okusho ukuthi "izwe elithembisiwe, i-Universe" ngesiRashiya. Incazelo yegama lezwe elibukela ngokugcwele liqinisekisa ukuthi inqubomgomo yalo ihlose ukudala inkolelo yobuKristu yonke, ekwazi ukuhlanganisa zonke izigaba zabantu.

Ukubumbana esibizwa ngomlayezo oyinhloko ovela kuNkulunkulu - iBhayibheli. IVangeli likaJohane (17, 21) likhuluma ngomyalo othi "Masibe munye." Umphakathi weBhayibheli uzimisele ngokubambisana phakathi kokusebenza kwawo, futhi i-ecumenism iyindlela yokuhumusha amathemba angenamkhawulo ekuhlanganisweni kwenkolo.

Isisekelo esiyisisekelo, semfundiso ye-ecumenism sisekholo kuThathu Nkulunkulu. "UJesu Kristu uyiNkosi noMsindisi wethu" - yilokho okungenani ubuncane obungavumelani bokubuka umhlaba jikelele wemisindo.

Lalela Funda Kudivayisi kuphela Kwengeziwe Buka Kufakiwe The History of Ecumenism

Naphezu kokuthi ukubonakala kwe-ecumenism kwenzeka kuphela ngo-1910, ekuqaleni komlando weminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezimbili wezikhungo zobuKristu ezazishumayela le nkolo zazibizwa ngokuthi imihlangano yamabandla e-ecumenical, futhi uMphathiswa weConstantinople wanikeza amaqhawe "isihloko" se-ecumenical. Noma kunjalo, isifiso sokubumbana emhlabeni wonke sasiqhubekisa ukuhlukaniswa kwezenkolo, ekugcineni okwaholela ekukhuleni kwezinhlelo ezintsha ezinjengokuhlukumeza, amahlelo namagatsha obuKristu. Ngakho, i-ecumenism inkolo enomlando.

Isonto laqala ukufuna isixazululo kule nkinga ekhulwini lama-10 leminyaka yekhulu lama-20, lapho kubanjwe khona ingqungquthela yezithunywa zevangeli zase-Edinburgh. Umhlangano uxoxe ngokubaluleka nokubaluleka kokuxhumana okuhlangene phakathi kwanoma yimiphi imingcele yokuvuma.

Umlando obonakala phambili we-ecumenism waqhubeka ngo-1925. Kwesinye sezinkomfa ezivamile zamaKristu, umbuzo wesimo sobuKristu jikelele kanye nezindlela zezenhlalo, ezombusazwe noma ezomnotho zenzeka.

Eminyakeni emithathu kamuva, iLausanne (idolobha laseSwitzerland) laphatha iNkomfa Yezwe Yonke "Ukukholwa Nokuhlelwa KweSonto." Isihloko saso sanikezelwa ekusekeleni ubunye obuyisisekelo bamaKristu.

Ngama-slogans of ubunye bamaKristu adluliswa kanye nemihlangano eyalandela ngo-1937-1938, eNgilandi naseNetherlands, ngokulandelana. Phakathi nale minyaka, uMkhandlu Wezwe WamaKatolika wasungulwa, umhlangano wakhe ngenxa yokuqubuka kweMpi Yezwe II kwaphela ngemva kweminyaka eyishumi.

Ukubamba imihlangano ehlangene kanye nemibono yenkolo yamaKatolika ngamasiko ahlukene nokuvuma kungabhekwa njengokuphumelela okuyinhloko kwe-ecumenism.

Ingabe i-ecumenism ixhasa izwe lobuKristu?

I-Ecumenism eSontweni Lama - Orthodox yaqiniswa ngo-1961, ngemva kokuba iSonto Lama-Orthodox LaseRussia lijoyine iMkhandlu Yezizwe.

UbuKatolika bamaKatolika bubhekene nesimo sengqondo esingaqondakali ngokuqondene nokunyakaza kwama-ecumenical: naphezu kokuthi abameleli benkolo yamaRoma Katolika abazange bamemezele ukulahlwa okuphelele kwe-ecumenism, akuyona ingxenye yalo. Nakuba, uMkhandlu Wesibili weVatican weSonto LamaRoma Katolika ubonakala sengathi uthatha isikhundla sokukhumbuza ukuhamba ngokumelene ne-ecumenism, wagcizelela ukuhlukana okungokwemvelo. "Ukuphambana akuvumelani nentando kaKristu," isimemezelo sika-1964 esithi "Ecumenism" sathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi abaholi beli gatsha lobuKristu bahlanganyela emisebenzini yekhomishana ethi "Ukholo Nokuhlelwa KweSonto."

Ukuchazwa kwe-ecumenism

Ama-Ecumenist azizimeleli kanye nemizwa yabo njengokholo, imibono noma inhlangano yezombusazwe. Cha, i-ecumenism ingumqondo, ukuzama ukulwa nokuhlukaniswa phakathi kokuthandaza kukaJesu Kristu.

Kuwo wonke umhlaba, umthwalo we-ecumenism we-semantic uqondwa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, okuthinta nayo inkinga yokudala ukwakheka kokugcina kwencazelo yalokhu ukunyakaza. Okwamanje, leli gama elithi "ecumenism" lihlukaniswe ngamagagasi amathathu ayisithupha.

Ukuchazwa No. 1. Inhloso ye-ecumenism yilapho ubulili bezinkolo zamaKristu

Inkinga yokuhlukana kwemibono nemasiko, ukungafani kwemfundiso yenkolo yezenkolo kwabangela ukungabikho kwengxoxo phakathi kwabo. Inhlangano yezinkolo ifuna ukufaka isandla ekuthuthukiseni ubudlelwane bama-Orthodox-Catholic. Ukujulisa ukuqonda okuhlangene, ukuxhumanisa nokuhlanganisa imizamo yezinhlangano zobuKristu ezweni elingelona lobuKristu ukuze kuvikelwe imizwa yenkolo nemicabango yomphakathi, ukuxazulula izinkinga zomphakathi - okufana nemisebenzi ye-ecumenism "yenhlalo".

Ukuhunyushwa No. 2. Ukukhululeka e-Ecumenism

I-Ecumenism ifuna inhlangano yobuKristu jikelele. Ukukhululeka kwamanje kubandakanya ukuzama, ngokusho kweSonto Lobu-Orthodox, ukwakha ngokwenza okushoyo ukuthi inkolelo entsha izophikisana nalowo okhona. Ithonya elibi le-ecumenism ngezinkolelo ezikhululekile likhona ekuqhubekeleni kwezimfundiso kanye nezimfundiso eziqanjiwe. ISonto Lama-Orthodox lithemba ukubona inhlangano yama-Orthodox ecumenical, okuyinto, engenakwenzeka ekuthuthukisweni kwamuva emhlabeni we-ecumenists, akunakwenzeka.

Ukuhunyushwa No. 3. Ukuhlanganiswa kwezinkolo zezwe njengomsebenzi we-ecumenism

Abalobi be-Esoteric babheka ukuthi i-ecumenism iyindlela yokuxazulula inkinga yezimpi ezingaphambisani nokungaqondi kahle. Imibono mayelana nezwe elibuswa yinkolo eyodwa yilezi zici zabase-neo-pagans, abathandekayo bokubuka umhlaba jikelele (iminyaka emisha). Imibono enjalo ayiyona into enengqondo kuphela: ngakho-ke, i-ecumenism enjalo eSontweni Lobu-Orthodox ayisekelwe. Futhi isikhundla se- Patriarch of All Russia kulo mbuzo siboniswa ngokuphika ngokuphelele imfundiso yamanga yokudala inkolo "yonke indawo".

I-ecumenism yama-Orthodox: okuhle noma okubi?

Ezingenhla ezintathu eziyinhloko zokuhumusha kwe-ecumenism, izici ezivamile zemigomo ethile yenhlangano yezinkolo zazibhekwa. Kodwa-ke, ngokuqinisekile ukudala umbono ophelele ngale mfundiso, umuntu kufanele azi kahle isikhundla sikaPatriciary of All Russia, uCyril.

Ngokusho kwabameleli beSonto Lobu-Orthodox LaseRussia, ukungenakwenzeka kokuhamba kwakhe okuhambisana nokuzivocavoca kwama-70-80s ekhulwini lokugcina kubangelwa ngu:

• Ukuhlukana okunamandla kwezitatimende zama-ecumenical kanye nokufundisa kweSonto Lobu-Orthodox (ukuqonda kwezinjongo eziyinhloko zokholo kuKristu kuhluke kakhulu);
• Ukunciphisa amathuba okuhlanganisa okuhlukile emacinisweni okuqakathekileko nokufundiswa kwamasonto ngokusebenzisa inhlangano yama-ecumenical;
• Ukusondelana nokuhlangana kwe-ecumenism ne-Russian Orthodox Church engavunyelwe, izombusazwe noma izinkolelo zemfihlo;
• Gcwalisa ukungahambisani kwemigomo yokubuka umhlaba wonke wemisebenzi yeSonto Lobu-Orthodox.

Ukukwazi nge-ecumenism kanye nesifundo sawo ekhulwini lama-20 kwakuhambisana nesicelo seSonto Lobu-Orthodox LaseRussia: "AmaKristu omhlaba wonke akufanele akhiphe uKristu futhi ahambe endleleni yeqiniso eya eMbusweni kaNkulunkulu. Musa ukuchitha amandla akho angokomoya nangokwenyama, isikhathi sokudala ezinye izindlela ku-Christ Church olungile. Isivivinyo sebandla lobufundisi ngeke lixazulule ubunzima bobuKristu bamaKatolika nama-Orthodox! "

Isimo seSonto Lobu-Orthodox ku-ecumenism

Njengamanje nge-ecumenism, uCyril ukhetha ukusabela ngokulula nangendlela efanele: lokhu ukunyakaza ezweni lanamuhla lankolo liyanda, kodwa iSonto Lama-Orthodox alizange libe nobuhlobo obucacile nomsebenzi wezenkolo. Ngakho-ke, i-ecumenism kanye nenzalamizi uCyril - imiqondo iyahambisana?

Inzalamizi enkulumweni yakhe ithi, emva kwe-ecumenism, asihambisani ne-Orthodoxy, njengoba abantu abaningi bakholelwa.

"Ngaphambi kokwenza izinsolo ezingenasisekelo, kufanele uhlele ngokucophelela isimo, akunjalo? Ngenhlangano ephikisana ne-ecumenical eyandulela lezi zisholo: "Ngaphansi kokuhlambalaza kwe-ecumenism!", "Siphikisana nabahlubuki ezweni le-Orthodox!" Kulula kakhulu ukwenza abantu bacabange ukuthi i-ecumenism iyingxenye yezinguquko zomhlaba. Ukuze kuqondiswe imizamo eyenziwa yi-ecumenists ngendlela efanele, kufanele kuqala kuqala ukuqhuba inkhulumomphendvulwano engathí sina, ehlakaniphile enkulumweni yenkolo. Ukukhala izingxabano ngeke kusize ekuxazululeni inkinga yokwenqatshwa kwalokhu kuhamba, "kungukuthi u-ecumenism kaCyril.

Kusencane kakhulu ukukhuluma ngenhlanganyelo egcwele yama-eucharistic, njengoba lokhu kuxoxisana kwangempela kwesonto kungakaze kwenzeke kanjalo. Amasonto amemezela ukuthi azikho umehluko wezimfundiso, futhi athi zilungele ukuxhumana, kodwa ekugcineni ... U-Ecumenism ezweni lanamuhla lenkolweni kwenzeka: i-Orthodox Communion yama-Armenian, amaKatolika - ama-Orthodox, uma kunesidingo.

Ingabe i-ecumenism ivuselela? Ukuhlangana kweNzalamizi noPapa

Ngenxa yezenzakalo zamuva, ukwesekwa kukaCyril nge-ecumenism kubonakala sengathi kutholakala ngokuvelele ngokwengeziwe. Umhlangano obalulekile "uPatrician-Pope Ecumenism", okwenzeka ngoFebhuwari 12, 2016, waba ngabanye izintatheli kanye nososayensi bezombangazwe, iphuzu lokungabuyeli. Ngesiphetho sesimemezelo, izwe lezenkolo lihlehlisiwe, futhi aziwa ukuthi yimaphi amabutho angawabuyisela esimweni sawo sokuqala.

Kwenzekani lapho emhlanganweni?

Umhlangano wabameleli bezihlobo ezimbili ezinjalo, kodwa lezi zivumo zenkolo ezikude - uMbhishobhi uCyril noPapa Francis - bashukumisa bonke abantu.

Izinhloko zamasonto amabili zikwazi ukuxoxa ngemibuzo eminingi mayelana nokuqondiswa kokuthuthukiswa kobuhlobo bama-Orthodox-Catholic. Ekugcineni, ngemva kwengxoxo, isimemezelo sisayinwe futhi sabhaliswa ngokudweba komuntu inkinga yamaKristu esifundeni saseMpumalanga Ephakathi. "Misa impi futhi ngokushesha uqale ukuqhuba imisebenzi ukuze uhlalisane ngokuthula," kusho umbhalo wocingo.

Isiphetho sesimemezelo kanye nokuqala kokuqala kwengxoxo phakathi kwama-Orthodox waseRussia namaKatolika Amasonto amaKatolika kuyisinyathelo sokuqala ekuqhunyeleni ukunyakaza okuqhubekela phambili. Lapho imihlangano yalesi sizinga iqhubeka, ikusasa liba lula, neminyango evulekile eholela ekuhlanganiseni ngokugcwele ukuhlangana kwezinkolo nokubambisana okungahambisani. Lezi zinsuku zizosiza ekuxazululeni izinkinga zomnotho nezenhlalakahle zomhlaba. Isizukulwane somuntu, enhliziyweni yakhe sinendawo kaNkulunkulu, kukhona nethemba lokuhlala ngokuthula, ngaphandle kokuhlukunyezwa, ubuhlungu nokuhlupheka.