Nekuhanjiswa: izindlela eziyisisekelo, ubuchwepheshe kanye nemishini

Lapho lezimpahla namaminerali abalulekile ebuza indlela netshe eyinhloko noma amaminerali ungathola ucezu zikhanga kangaka ubucwebe kufanele. Ikakhulukazi uma ucabangela iqiniso lokuthi ukucutshungulwa idwala njengoba enjalo ingenye uma hhayi okokugcina, okungenani-ke ngaphambi esigabeni sokugcina nqubo yokucwenga. Impendulo yombuzo kuyoba nokunonophala amaminerali, lapho kukhona ukwelashwa eyisisekelo idwala, ukuhlinzeka ngokuhlukana we amaminerali ezibalulekile abezindaba nalutho.

okuhlushwa ubuchwepheshe obuphelele

Nokusebenzisa kabusho imikhiqizo esisebenzile kwezinsiza wenziwa izitshalo ezikhethekile nokunonophala. Le nqubo ihlanganisa imisebenzi eminingi, kufaka ekhatsi kuceceshwa, eqhekeza oqondile nokuhlukaniswa ukungcola emadwaleni. Phakathi nokunonophala etholwe namaminerali ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise-graphite, asbestos, tungsten ore izinto, njll Akunjalo ngempela-ke kumelwe abe zilwane ezibalulekile - .. Zikhona izitshalo eziningi enze ngokucubungula izinto zokusetshenziswa, iziphi ke kwakhiwa. Noma kunjalo, izinto eziyisisekelo nekuhanjiswa esekelwe ukuhlaziya izakhiwo yezimbiwa, okuyinto abangela nezimiso ngokuhlukana. By the way, isidingo ukusika izakhiwo ahlukahlukene kuphakama hhayi kuphela ukuze uthole amaminerali okumsulwa. ovamile, lapho isakhiwo lisuselwa omunye izinhlobo eziningana.

rock ukuchotshozwa

Kulesi sigaba ukugaya impahla ku izinhlayiya ngabanye. Inqubo kwasani zisetshenziswa amandla mechanical ngawo izithathe ukuze ixazulule leyo yangaphakathi indlela bamba. Ngenxa yalokho, i-rock sehlukaniswe izinhlayiya ezincane eziqinile okuyizinto uhlamvu eyohlobo isakhiwo. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuba umuntu ahlukanise phakathi ukuchotshozwa eqondile imishini ukugaywa. Esimweni sokuqala amaminerali asitholayo kancane ezijulile ngokwahlukana isakhiwo lapho izinhlayiyana akhiwa ucezu ezingaphezu kuka 5 mm. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, inikeza izakhi imfundo ukugaya ngenhloso ububanzi engaphansi kuka 5 mm, nakuba lesi sibalo incike zohlobo ngawo kumele abhekane. Kuzo zombili lezi zimo umsebenzi yehlukanise esiphezulu okusanhlamvu ejenti liwusizo kangaka ukuthi ingxenye bekhululiwe ngaphandle sezwe okumsulwa exubile, okusho ukuthi gangue, ukungcola kanye nokunye okufana nalokho. D.

inqubo ukuhlolwa

Ngemva kokuphothulwa inqubo angawethusi, le feedstock ukulungele is phansi imiphumela inqubo, okungaba futhi sieving, futhi weathering. Screening kusala indlela ekulinganisweni etholwe usayizi okusanhlamvu kwebalingisi. Indlela yendabuko ukusebenza kwalesi isigaba kuhilela ukusetshenziswa sieves futhi ngesihlungo Samandla unike amandla amaseli. Ngo inqubo Ukuhlolwa futhi ahlukaniswe nadreshetchatye podreshetchatye izinhlayiya. Ngandlela-thile, nekuhanjiswa iqala kulesigaba, ngenxa ukungcola ehlukana nokuthi niyotshela kabili exubile. Ingxenyana emihle engaphansi kuka-1 mm ahlungwa by isimo emoyeni - weathering. IMisa efana encane ingxenyenamba isihlabathi amanga yokufakelwa emoyeni ukusakaza ke luhlala. Ngemva kwalokho, izinhlayiya lokhu kwaphendula yonke kancane, ahlukaniswe izakhi ezincane kakhulu uthuli elibala emoyeni. Ukuze kubuthwe nemikhiqizo eminye lokuhlolwa enjalo usebenzisa amanzi.

izinqubo nokunonophala

Inqubo ihlose Ukukhetha izinhlayiya amaminerali eluhlaza enothisa. Ngokuhamba lezo zinqubo kunamaqembu eziningana izakhi - a ewusizo ukugxilisa ingqondo tailings yokugcina kanye neminye imikhiqizo. Lomgomo elandayo lalezi zinhlobo kusekelwe umehluko phakathi izakhiwo amaminerali gangue. izakhiwo ezinjalo angenza lokhu okulandelayo: ukuminyana, wettability, ezifweni kazibuthe, usayizi, conductivity, wamakhasi nokuma kwawo, njll Ngakho, izinqubo nokunonophala usebenzisa umehluko ukuminyana, ukubandakanya adonsela phansi izindlela ngokwahlukana ... Le ndlela isetshenziswa ukucutshungulwa amalahle, insimbi izinto nonmetallic. Izimo zethu zihluke kakhulu izingxenye ezivamile kanye okuhlushwa ezisekelwe wettability izici. Kulokhu, indlela flotation isetshenziswa, okuyinto sici kungenzeka uhlukanisa okusanhlamvu okuhle.

Iphinde isetshenziselwe kazibuthe nekuhanjiswa, okuvumela ukuba ukhethe ezingcolisa ayoni kusukela talc futhi graphite ezindaweni, kanye ukuhlanza tungsten titanium, nensimbi kanye nezinye imikhando. Le nqubo kusekelwe umehluko umphumela kazibuthe ku izinhlayiya amaminerali. separators Njengoba ekhethekile zisetshenziswa imishini ukuthi ibuye isetshenziswe nokuvulwa magnetite ukumiswa.

I sekugcina nokunonophala

Izinqubo esemqoka yalolu isigaba kuzomele sifake Ukususwa, kodaka ukuqina futhi omisa izinhlayiya okuholela. Ukukhethwa imishini Ukususwa isekelwe izici amakhemikhali nezingokwenyama amaminerali. Ngokuvamile, le nqubo wenziwa kwamaseshini ambalwa. Kulokhu, isidingo nokuqaliswa kwalo akuyona njalo lapho. Ngokwesibonelo, uma kusetshenziswa inqubo nokunonophala ngokwahlukana kagesi, i-Ukususwa liyadingeka. Ngaphezu izinqubo belungiselela nokunonophala okwengeziwe lomkhiqizo phakathi kwenqubo, kumele kuhlinzekwe kanye nengqalasizinda ezifanele for ekuphatheni izinhlayiya amaminerali. Ikakhulukazi, isevisi efanele ukukhiqizwa ihlelwe efektri. Ingene intrashop izimoto, ihlelwe amanzi, ukushisa kanye nogesi.

Isisetshenziswa kwandzisa lwati

Ngesikhathi izigaba ukugaya ukuchotshozwa zisetshenziswa izilungiselelo ekhethekile. Lokhu yesifunda mechanical, okuyinto ngosizo amabutho ahlukahlukene ukushayela ube nomthelela omubi ku zohlobo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inqubo okuzebenzisa ngesihlungo futhi ngesihlungo, ohlinzekela yokulinganisa izimbobo. Iphinde isetshenziselwe ngoba ukuhlolwa umshini eziyinkimbinkimbi ngokuthi ukubhonga. Ngokushesha nokunonophala usebenze kagesi, separators okudonsa futhi kazibuthe asetshenziswa ngokuhambisana nesimiso sokuhlukanisa isakhiwo esithile. Ngemva kwalokho, amanzi ubuchwepheshe Ukususwa elisetshenziswa ukuqaliswa okungase kusetshenziswe izikrini efanayo, zommbila, Centrifuges futhi apharathasi ukuhlunga. Isigaba sokugcina ngokuvamile kuhilela ukusetshenziswa ukwelashwa ukushisa kanye omiswe.

nokunonophala inqubo imfucuza

Ngenxa yalokho yenqubo nokunonophala elakhiwe izigaba eziningana imikhiqizo kungenziwa ihlukaniswe ezimbili izinhlobo - a CONCENTRATE ewusizo nokusaphaza. Futhi ayinto eyigugu akubalwa ukwethula zohlobo olufanayo. Futhi, asikwazi ukuthi imfucuza iyihlane impahla. Ngo imikhiqizo esibaluleke kangaka, le ukugxilisa ingqondo ingaqukatha, kodwa izinto eziningi ziyantula. Ngakho kwandzisa lwati okwengeziwe amaminerali atholakala kule nokwakheka imfucuza ngokuvamile kungafaneleki nezobuchwepheshe kanye ngokwezimali, Nokho, izinqubo yesibili ukucutshungulwa ezinjalo kuyaqabukela kwenziwa.

nokunonophala elikhulu

Kuye ngokuthi izimo of kokucetshiswa, izimfanelo indaba kokuqala futhi indlela ziyahlukahluka izinga umkhiqizo wokugcina. Ayanda okuqukethwe izingxenye eziwusizo esinazo, futhi ukungcola ezimbalwa, ngcono. Ideal ore nokunonophala, isibonelo, inikeza bikho ephelele umkhiqizo imfucuza. Lokhu kusho ukuthi inqubo kwandzisa ingxube etholwe ichoboza futhi ukuhlolwa, isisindo ingqikithi izinhlayiya athola ngokuphelele kusukela udoti udoti idwala. Nokho, ukuze sifinyelele lo mphumela akwenzeki ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Kwengxenye nekuhanjiswa

Ngaphansi ngokwengxenye usayizi nokunonophala grade libhekisela ukuhlukana noma sinqamule ezimbiwa phansi kalula ingxenye labelwe we ukungcola kumkhiqizo. Lokho, le nqubo akuhloselwe ukuqedela umkhiqizo ukuhlanzwa kusuke amanyela futhi imfucuza, futhi kuphela kukhulisa inani indaba kokuqala ngokwandisa lokuhlushwa izinhlayiya amaminerali. lingasetshenziswa Impatho enjalo izinto zokusetshenziswa amaminerali, isibonelo, ukuze kuncishiswe okuqukethwe umlotha kwamalahle. Inqubo nokunonophala lwabelwe isigaba esikhulu izakhi kanye kuhlangana ngokwengeziwe CONCENTRATE ne-non-abasizakali esihle ingxenyenamba dropout.

Inkinga nokulahlekelwa zinhlobo abalulekile lokuhlomulisa

Njengoba ukungcola engadingeki bahlale isisindo ewusizo we CONCENTRATE nezinhlobo eyigugu kungenzeka okukhipha kanye imfucuza. Ukuze akhawunti beshonelwe umntwana ngale ndlela, sisebenzisa amathuluzi akhethekile ukubala ezingeni avumelekile add ngayinye izinqubo. Okungukuthi, zonke izindlela athuthukiswe ekwehlukaniseni kwezinkambiso ngazinye ukulahlekelwa kuvunyelwe. iphesenti Esamukeleka ezilotshwe ibhalansi imikhiqizo kusetshenzwe ukuze bamboze umehluko Coefficient ekubalweni umswakama nokufudumala okutholakala ukulahlekelwa lokukhanda. Ikakhulukazi amarekhodi anjalo kubalulekile uma uhlela Ore kokucetshiswa, inqubo esebenzisa uqhekeko ezijulile. Ngenxa yalokho, kwengozi kwadla CONCENTRATE ezibalulekile. Noma kunjalo, ezimweni eziningi, amatshe ewusizo ukulahlekelwa kwenzeka ngenxa yokuphazamiseka inqubo.

isiphetho

Eminyakeni yamuva, kwezinhlobo ezibalulekile ubuchwepheshe nokunonophala wenze isinyathelo esibalulekile sokugcwaliseka kwaso. Okuthuthukisiwe futhi ngabanye ukwelashwa izinqubo, kanye nokusentshenziswa kwe legatsha ezivamile wesifunda. Omunye endaweni uthembisa ekuqhubekeleni okwengeziwe ukusetshenziswa kuhlangene ukucutshungulwa izikimu ukuthi ngcono izici qualitative ka ugxilisa. Ikakhulukazi, ngokuhlanganisa wadalula separators kazibuthe, okuholela inqubo nokunonophala elungiselelwe. Phakathi izindlela ezintsha lolu hlobo zihlanganisa MHD futhi magnitogidrostaticheskuyu ngokuhlukana. Kuyaqapheleka futhi lo mkhuba jikelele ukuwohloka gangue ezingase asithinti izinga lomkhiqizo okuholela. Fight ne bandise amanyela kungaba nokunonophala olungaphelele isicelo esebenzayo, kodwa ngokuvamile umphumela ukwandisa ukucutshungulwa amaseshini ubuchwepheshe kwenza kahle.