Ivan Dmitriev, imbongi-fabulist futhi sikahulumeni

Bangaki kithi namuhla uthi kungaba ngubani Ivan Dmitriev? Phakathi naleso sikhathi, igama layo yake eyaziwayo kubantu ayephila nabo, ngoba Ivan uyakhazinyuliswa usezakhele igama njengomqambi etemibhalo emkhakheni isimo.

Cabanga Biography of the indoda kabanzi.

Iminyaka Engu esakhula

Ikusasa Russian fabulist Ivan Dmitriev wazalwa ngo-September 1760 e ifa kuyise, itholakala esifundazweni Kazan. Umfana ayengowesifazane Dmitriev yizicukuthwane umndeni, owehla izikhulu Smolensk.

Ivan athola imfundo enhle ekhaya, bese nezifundo zakhe esikoleni esingesona esikahulumeni e Simbirsk.

Isiphetho umndeni ukuthonywa kuvukela yakhe eholwa Pugachev, labo ababebanga ukuba abazali ukuthuthela enhlokodolobha. Ivan Young ezilotshwe le Semenov ibutho, futhi nakuba u-Ivan Ivanovich Dmitriev lutho kwemizwelo kwezempi, wabalalela abazali bakhe futhi waba ibutho.

Othisha yomlobi esizayo

nethonya elikhulu ekuthuthukiseni ubuntu kumuntu osemusha yalotshwa ezimbili ezinkulu Russian - UNicholas ezimbili ezivelele: NI novikov noN M. Karamzin.

It novikov baba amavesi lokuqala Dmitrieva abasha banyathelisa omagazini zabo, wadweba ukubhinqa wakhe, okuyinto ngemva kwesikhathi akhula aba amazwe lwaya nge inganekwane.

N. Karamzin, ngokuba nesinye isihlobo Dmitriev, owethulwa le nsizwa imisebenzi Western sentimentalism classical futhi wamsiza ukuthola indawo yakhe ezincwadini Russian yesikhathi. Umagazini nayo ezishicilelwe UNikolai Mikhailovich, futhi le nkondlo yanyatheliswa Dmitrieva "moans ijuba ijuba." Lo msebenzi uyikhazimulisile imbongi abasha.

Esesithathu uthisha omkhulu Dmitrieva kwaba edumile imbongi Russian Derzhavin, okwathi ngemva ajwayelane imisebenzi Ivan Ivanovich hhayi kuphela wamnika okuningi iseluleko esisebenzayo, kodwa futhi ukuba bajwayelane abalobi nabo.

Eyokuqala impumelelo etemibhalo

Ivan Ivanovich Dmitriev banyathelisa incwadi yakhe yokuqala izinkondlo 1795. Wasibiza ngokuthi "Futhi ngononina izintwana zami." igama okunjalo engavamile kwakuhambisana nezinga umlando ukuvela leli qoqo ukuze ukukhanya.

Iqiniso ukuthi Karamzin yasekuqaleni futhi Dmitriev bebehlela ukushicilela iqoqo ahlangene izinkondlo, kodwa inhloso ngesizathu esithile kwaphethwa unganelisekile. Karamzin ngaphambi 1795 futhi ishicilelwe iqoqo walibiza ngokuthi "trifles wami", kamuva wanyathelisa incwadi by Dmitriev, okuyinto kwenanela brainchild of N. M. Karamzina.

I engavamile lala maqoqo amabili kwaba ukusetshenziswa imibhalo incwadi "e", okuyinto wazalwa ngo umsebenzi Karamzin sika.

inkonzo yomphakathi

Ivan Dmitriev eliqhubekayo likhonza wobaba zonke iminyaka wokubusa uCatherine Omkhulu. Ngisho emisebenzini etemibhalo wokuzilibazisa wamenza sokwesula. Ngo 1796 kwenzeka kuye umcimbi ngempela ezingemnandi: ku ukulahlwa zamanga aboshwa (neziphathimandla bazitshela ukuthi Dmitriev yayifuna ukubulala entsha uMbusi uPawulu Petrovich). Nokho, impimpi bamanga wadalula, futhi uMbusi Pavel Dmitriev yithela basisize yakhe.

Eqokelwa esikhundleni esiphakeme, Dmitriev ezama ngempela ukukhonza hhayi iholo elikhulu, futhi unembeza. Nokho, akunakwenzeka, futhi 1799 wesula.

Entsha uMbusi u-Alexander Pavlovich ubiza abadala kakade Dmitrieva ukubuya zisetshenziselwe ukuba ngezamaphoyisa. Ukuze okuyinto usabela kwemvume yakhe.

Ivan Dmitriev waba yilungu lephalamende, bese ilungu uMkhandlu Wombuso. Usekhonza njalo, uzama konke okusemandleni akho. Nokho, acebe izingobe kanye namaqhinga izitha bahlushwa Dmitrieva. Ukhathele kubo, Ivan basula. UMbusi savalelisa imbongi ayenethemba lokuthi ukubuya kwakhe kuze kube inkonzo yomphakathi, kodwa kwakungakaze kwenzeke.

Ivan Dmitriev: Izinganekwane nakweminye imibhalo

Esikhathini umlando izincwadi Russian Ivan wagcina njengo ngalendoda of temdzabu isiRashiya, umhumushi umbhali lezinganekwane. Lodumo bamlethela izinkondlo ezifana "Ermak", "Ukuze iVolga", "umqondo Alien" nabanye.

Ezinkondlweni zakhe, wakwazi ukuhumusha futhi lyricism ethule zezinkondlo Karamzin, Derzhavin futhi solemnity, futhi novikov satirical.

Ngaphezu imisebenzi yabo siqu tetemibhalo, Ivan iqhaza emphilweni namesake layo - fabulist abadumile Krylov, wamsiza ukusungula ukuthi kuyinganekwane - kuyinto ukubizwa kwakhe kweqiniso, futhi basiza ukukhomba abasha kakhulu A. S. Pushkina Lyceum e Tsarskoye Selo, yini eye yasiza ngezindlela eziningi ukuthuthukiswa yamakhono imbongi omkhulu Russian.

Ivan washona ngo-77 unyaka owodwa wokuphila kwakhe eMoscow ngo-Okthoba 1837. Wembelwa le Donskoy emathuneni. ithuna lakhe liyalondolozwa kuze kube namuhla.

Biography Ivana Dmitrieva - isibonelo sokuphila wohlanga olukhulu Russian futhi umbhali. Kuvele letsembekile futsi lekahle, owakwazi ukudala imisebenzi emihle tetemibhalo, kwakukhona lapho umfundi we imbongi edumile Russian, wakwazi ukusiza imfundamakhwela abalobi ungene ezweni ocebile futhi yehlukene kaningi okubalwa ngokuthi "Russian nezincwadi zokufunda." Ngakho-ke, isibonelo ukuphila kwale ndoda kuyafundisa kakhulu.